Shadowing Practice: Vol 3 - test 4 - section 3 - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
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Now turn to Section 3 on page 5.
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Section 3.
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You will hear a discussion between a student called Helen and her tutor about an assignment that Helen is working on.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24 on page 5.
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Thank you.
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Come in Helen, how can I help you?
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Well, I'm doing research for the anthropology assignment, and I was hoping to check a few details.
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Sure.
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You chose the topic of Pacific Island tupper cloth, didn't you?
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What have you found out so far?
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Well, I was going to introduce my assignment by saying that the tupper cloth is a fabric made from bark, just the outer layer of the trees.
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It's particularly common in the Pacific Islands but not exclusive to them.
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In fact, many other peoples around the world have made high-quality cloth from bark.
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But what sets Pacific Tapa apart is the incredible variety of roles it's played in this region.
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Yes, nice introduction, though I think you could be more specific regarding dates.
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OK, so what about the raw materials used?
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Well, tapa cloth is made from several species of tree.
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In the Pacific, the paper mulberry tree is most common, but it doesn't thrive in all conditions.
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In fact, it wasn't originally found in the islands, but was carried in their canoes by the first migrants.
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Tapa is also made from the breadfruit tree, which is convenient because its fruit is a staple food.
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The paper mulberry tree is only grown for tapa making, though.
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Yes, that's good.
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Now what about the Māori people here in New Zealand?
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But the Māori don't make tapa now.
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That's right, and you need to account for it.
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We know that when Māori migrated here from the other Pacific Islands, they were prepared to make tapa because they brought the paper mulberry tree with them.
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The thing was, after they'd been in New Zealand a bit, they found the flax plant, which is superior to tapa because it makes a stronger fabric.
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By the time Europeans arrived in the 18th century, Māori were making all their fabric from flax and had been for some time.
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Okay, so with the production process itself, first the inner bark is beaten with wooden hammers to soften the fibres.
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Then the different pieces are glued together using an adhesive paste made from the arrowroot tuber.
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This is the only way to fabricate large pieces of cloth
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because bark strands are too fine to be woven together and stitching isn't strong enough
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before you hear the rest of the discussion you have some
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time to look at questions 25 to 30 on page 6
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Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30.
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So now you need details about different countries.
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Where would you start?
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I think Samoa is the obvious place.
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It's famous for its very fine cloth called Siapo, which is hand-painted with representations of the ancestors.
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Still today, at the most profound events in life, such as births, funerals, weddings, and the investiture of chiefs,
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Samoans wear Siapo robes to add significance and meaning to the ceremony.
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OK.
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Then I could talk about Tonga.
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It seems to me that the great innovation in Tonga has been developing a simple, coarse cloth which is quick and easy to make.
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This is suitable for all sorts of everyday functions around the house like bed covers, mosquito nets and curtains.
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Good point.
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Now, what about Cook Islands tapa?
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Well, the soil there is poor quality, so the breadfruit tree is often used.
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One type of thick cloth, called tikoru, was wrapped around the poles and used to mark the entrances to places of worship,
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so it was highly regarded in local culture.
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You might mention Fiji as well, which is interesting because tapa was actually used as a currency there.
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Fijians used to sail between the islands and exchange tapa for other commodities like canoes or pigs.
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I know that in Tahiti the tapa cloth is different because the patterns are in colour, which is considered more valuable than the usual brown patterns.
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You're right about the Tahitians using coloured pigments, but they aren't more valuable.
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The colours are only a decoration.
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People enjoy wearing bright robes, especially for dancing and competitive games, and do it just for fun.
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Oh, I'll make a note of that.
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Well, the last place I was going to mention was Te Kopia.
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Even today it's commonplace to see people wearing clothes made of tapa cloth.
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In many of the other islands, the tapa only comes out on special occasions, but here you see people working in the gardens wearing tapa.
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Sounds promising, Helen.
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I'll look forward to reading your assignment.
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That is the end of Section 3.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu B2 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Vol 3 - test 4 - section 3” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: tapa, cloth, tree, Island, Pacific. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 64 cümle ve 800 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 6:44 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 119 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin yalnızca %79’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| cloth isim | /klɒθ/ | kumaş |
| bark isim | /bɑɹk/ | ağaç kabuğu, kabuk |
| mulberry isim | /ˈmʌlˌbɛɹi/ | dut |
| breadfruit isim | /ˈbɹɛdfɹuːt/ | ekmek ağacı |
| flax isim | /flaks/ | keten |
| canoe isim | /kəˈnuː/ | kano, kayık |
| robe isim | /ɹoʊb/ | bornoz |
| ancestor isim | /ˈæn.sɛs.tɚ/ | ata |
| arrowroot isim | /ˈɛɹoʊˌɹut/ | maranta, ararot kamışı |
| commonplace sıfat | /ˈkɑmənˌpleɪs/ | alelâde, basmakalıp |
| fabricate fiil | /ˈfæb.ɹɪ.keɪt/ | kurmak |
| pigment isim | /ˈpɪɡ.mənt/ | pigment |
| soften fiil | /ˈsɑfən/ | yumuşatmak |
| weave fiil | /wiːv/ | dokumak |
| mosquito isim | /məsˈki.toʊ/ | sivrisinek |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| find out fiil | anlamak, ortaya çıkarmak |
| look forward to fiil | iple çekmek, dört gözle beklemek |
Tekrar etmeye değer cümleler
Videodan, günlük konuşmada yeniden kullanabileceğiniz kısa ve tam cümleler:
- What have you found out so far?
- That's right, and you need to account for it.
- Where would you start?
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| “Used to” used to + fiil — artık geçerli olmayan eski bir alışkanlık ya da durum | used to mark · used to sail |
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | is made · was carried · is also made |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | tree, which is · plant, which is · Siapo, which is |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı I'll, aren't, didn't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 11 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “th” sesleri: cloth /klɒθ/, anthropology /ˌænθɹəˈpɑləd͡ʒi/, thrive /θɹajv/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: investiture /ɪnˈvɛstɪt͡ʃɚ/, anthropology /ˌænθɹəˈpɑləd͡ʒi/, decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/, commodity /kəˈmɑdəti/, significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; cloth, bark, mulberry gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.