Shadowing Practice: Why Do We Actually Need Sleep?? - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Sleeping.

Every day you go to your bed, lie down and do nothing.

For like eight hours.

This is stupid.

The time you spend doing literally nothing could be spent on so many other things.

Like eating, drinking, exercise, getting a job, spending time remembering that time you accidentally called your teacher mum.

But instead you're doing this.

Why?

Why haven't we figured out a way to not need to do this?

What does sleep even do?

And why do you feel sleepy?

What is sleepy?

Two things.

First is the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is just your body clock.

It relies on light to get an idea of what time it is.

When it's day, it's chillin'.

But when it becomes night though, your retinas in your eyes see this

and then send messages to your body clock and it goes.. bed and then allows the release of melatonin,

which pretty much tells the brain it's nighttime.

And second is adenosine.

The heck is that?

Well all of your cells use this thing called ATP as energy, but as your body uses it, adenosine accumulates.

This accumulation increases sleep pressure, which makes you more tired.

So you finally climb into your bed and then you just lie there?

Don't worry, even

Even though you might feel like you're just lying there like a useless blob,

your part of the brain called the hypothalamus is getting ready to send

you into your dreamy state where you ride unicorns and eat fluffy clouds.

During the day, your brain is constantly sending messages using all these different chemicals in your brain called neurotransmitters,

but it's being extra sure to use these special neurotransmitters to stay awake.

But as your sleepiness builds,

it gets to a point where it lets this thing out of the cage the ventrolateral preoptic area inside the hypothalamus,

or VELPO for short.

What this does is blocks all the systems in the brain

that are making sure that it's using these neurotransmitters to stay awake, and thus gets you to fall asleep.

So now you're sleeping like a baby.

But again, why have we even evolved to need this absolute waste of time?

We'll get to that.

But first, what's happening while you're asleep?

It's called the sleep cycle, which you've probably heard of before.

And there's four parts to it.

First is stage one.

This is when you're barely asleep.

Your awareness goes down and muscle activity relaxes.

This is also the stage where this happens.

That was what the pros call a hypnic jerk.

So why does your own body give you a jump scare?

Well, researchers think that it could be your brain reacting to a sudden relaxation in the muscles and because it's stupid,

it interprets that as we're falling and jolts your muscles to double check.

But they aren't actually certain, so it could be something else.

Anyway, next is stage two, which is a light sleep.

This is where your heart rate slows, your body temperature decreases, and muscles relax even more.

But two other really interesting things happen here.

Sleep spindles, which are short bursts of brain activity, and K -complexes, which are big distinctive brainwaves.

Why?

Well, they seem to both have roles in protecting sleep and memory processing, but again, meh.

Then you get to stage three, deep sleep.

This is where activity is at its lowest, and your body takes advantage of that, increasing growth hormone secretion, tissue repair,

immune function support, and metabolic regulation.

It also takes that opportunity to use the glymphatic systems, which is a nerdy way of saying a waste clearing system for the brain as well.

And this is the stage where you're the most dead to the world.

You're just there, in your bed, catching your Z's, sleeping like a baby.

BOOM!

REM sleep.

All of a sudden your heart rate starts going up and down, brain activity jumps, and irregular breathing increases as well.

REM, or rapid eye movement, is where the most vivid of your dreams happen.

And yes, it's called rapid eye movement because your eyes are literally darting around while you sleep.

But, if you're having a dream that you're running away from the scariest thing you can imagine,

a job application, why don't you move in real life?

It's called REM -a -tonia.

Pretty much, your brainstem literally stops messages going from your brain to your skeletal muscles, while other messages for vital muscles such as your heart,

lungs and yes your eyes are allowed through.

But on the odd occasion it goes over time and is still stopping you from moving even when you wake up.

That's what causes sleep paralysis.

The thing where you're awake but you can't move.

And yes, because of this mix -up, dreamlike processes can still intrude your awakeness.

Hence why you sometimes can start hallucinating really scary things.

Like that job application.

Then you finish the cycle.

So, you do it again.

This whole cycle takes roughly 90 minutes.

But that can vary depending on the person.

And they're not even lengths either.

Usually, earlier in the night you actually get more deep sleep, whereas later in the night you get more REM sleep.

But then you wake up in the morning and think to yourself, why?

Think about it though, every night you're putting yourself in a state where you are extremely vulnerable to enemies, you can't eat, you can't drink,

you can't care for your children, you can't look for a girlfriend, you can't even fill out that job application.

And yet evolution has gone to extreme lengths in order to preserve this strange routine.

And when I say extreme, I mean extreme.

Think about dolphins for instance.

They need air to survive, but if they slept they would drown.

So they evolved to not need sleep right?

Nope.

They evolved so that to sleep they shut down half of their brain

and let that side sleep and just use the awake side and then just swap it over.

And not just dolphins, but many birds also do this too.

So why hasn't evolution just gotten rid of it altogether?

Why is it so persistent on keeping sleeping?

Well, we do know the important stuff that sleep does do.

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First, the brain needs maintenance, and it can't do it as effectively while it's awake.

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It's like trying to do maintenance in a warehouse.

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It's much easier to do it while it's empty rather than when it's full of customers.

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Second, the brain also needs to manage and sort what it learnt that day.

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Organise memories, new skills and get rid of old ones.

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Again, it seems that it can't do it as effectively while it's awake.

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And third is body repair.

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Yet again, it does it better when it's asleep.

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But I still have a problem with that.

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Why do we need to actually be asleep?

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As in unconscious?

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We could have just evolved to be able to repair, sort and maintain ourselves while awake.

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And yet evolution has been determined to keep it,

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and has clearly decided that it's worth the risk of not being conscious for 8 hours every day, than not to sleep at all.

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And that's the real mystery of sleep that no one has been able to really answer.

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Why do we really need sleep?

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And if you want to get a good night's sleep,

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a little birdie told me that hitting the subscribe button and show it two cold sides to your pillow for a week.

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Uygulamayı İndir

Akıcı konuşmak için ihtiyacınız olan her şey

AI TelaffuzHer cümleyi puanla

IPA AlıştırmasıHer sesi ustalaştır

Kelime BilgisiKelime bankanızı oluşturun

Kelime OyunuOynarken öğrenin

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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları

Bu konuşma dersi “Why Do We Actually Need Sleep??” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: sleep, brain, awake, muscle, asleep. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 118 cümle ve 1262 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 7:47 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 162 kelimeyle, günlük konuşmaya yakın doğal bir hızda konuşuyor. Kelimelerin %84’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var. 118 cümlenin 19 tanesi soru; soru tonlaması ve kısa cevaplar için iyi bir alıştırma.

Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler

Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:

Kelime	Telaffuz	Anlam
awake fiil	/əˈweɪk/	uyandırmak
muscle isim	/ˈmʌs.əl/	kas, adale
repair fiil	/ˈɹiːpɛɚ/	onarmak, tamir etmek
sudden sıfat	/ˈsʌd.ən/	ani
scary sıfat	/ˈskɛə.ɹi/	korkunç
dolphin isim	/ˈdɑlf.ɪn/	yunus, delfin
cloud isim	/ˈklaʊ̯d/	bulut
mystery isim	/ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/	gizem, esrâr
awareness isim	/əˈwɛɹ.nəs/	bilinç, bilinçlenme
skill isim	/skɪl/	beceri, maharet
hence zarf	/ˈhɛns/	itibaren
regulation isim	/ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/	regülasyon
vital sıfat	/ˈvaɪtəl/	yaşamsal
roughly zarf	/ˈɹʌf.li/	kabaca
breathe fiil	/bɹiːð/	nefes alıp vermek, solumak

Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller

Kelime	Telaffuz	Anlam
figure out fiil		açığa çıkarmak
fill out fiil	/fɪl ˈaʊt/	doldurmak
lie down fiil		yatmak
wake up fiil	/ˌweɪk ˈʌp/	uyanmak

Tekrar etmeye değer cümleler

Videodan, günlük konuşmada yeniden kullanabileceğiniz kısa ve tam cümleler:

But first, what's happening while you're asleep?
This is when you're barely asleep.
The thing where you're awake but you can't move.
Why do we need to actually be asleep?
Why do we really need sleep?

Bu videodaki dil bilgisi

Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:

Yapı	Videoda
Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem	haven't we figured · have we even evolved · you've probably heard
İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi	nucleus, which is · pressure, which makes · two, which is
Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli	could be spent · are allowed

Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar

Konuşmacı you're, can't, don't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 28 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.

“th” sesleri: breathe /bɹiːð/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
“sh” ve “zh” sesleri: evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, occasion /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/
Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/

Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:

/w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: awake /əˈweɪk/, awareness /əˈwɛɹ.nəs/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, warehouse /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/, swap /ˈswɑp/
Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: clock /klɑk/, scary /ˈskɛə.ɹi/, sleepy /ˈsliːpi/, cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/, skill /skɪl/
/æ/ — “e”den daha açık: rapid /ˈɹæp.ɪd/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/, react /ɹiːˈækt/

Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır

Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; awake, muscle, repair gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.

Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?

Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.

Shadowing tekniği: adım adım eksiksiz rehberi okuyun →

Shadowing Practice: Why Do We Actually Need Sleep?? - Learn English Speaking with Video

Bir pratik modu seçin

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