Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Hitler - OverSimplified (Part 2)
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1
Since Germany's military had to be reduced, Hitler could no longer remain a soldier after the war, but he kept working for the army as an informant.
2
After the war, communists in Germany had attempted a revolution, and the government was worried about communism in general.
3
So Hitler was tasked with infiltrating and reporting on any new political parties that could pose a communist threat.
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A new party called the German Workers' Party threw up a whole bunch of red flags, so Hitler went along to one of their meetings, of their meetings, but found that they weren't communist at all.
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They were extreme right, and shared many of his extreme beliefs.
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So he left the army and signed up to join the party.
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His fantastic speaking abilities impressed the party's leadership and supporters, and he very quickly rose to the top.
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He decided the party needed a makeover, so he renamed it to the National Socialist German Workers' Party, or Nazi for short, and he gave it a new color scheme.
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The Nazis weren't very specific on policy, but Hitler made extravagant promises to return Germany to its former glory by undoing the Treaty of Versailles
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and reuniting all ethnic Germans into one nation.
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He also said that only pure Aryan people should be allowed to be citizens and that all Jews would lose their citizenship.
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These ideas were already common in extreme right politics, but what set the Nazis apart was Hitler himself, and they quickly became the leading party on the extreme right.
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Many of the political parties in Germany at the time had paramilitary wings, and the Nazis were no different.
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Hitler set up the very descriptive Hull Protection Detachment, later changed to the very delightful Gymnastic 2nd Sports Division and finally settling on the ominous Storm Detachment, or SA for short.
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Their job was to defend Nazi party meetings and intimidate political opponents, and they would frequently engage in battles with communists on the streets.
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Since the Allies had demanded a reduction in Germany's military size, many trained soldiers were left unemployed.
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They liked the Nazi ideology and it was only natural for them to join the SA, which grew larger and larger over time.
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The new democratic government that formed after World War I was pretty weak and ineffective.
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In order to pay reparations to the Allies, it started printing more money.
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The problem is that printing money doesn't actually give a country more money, it just makes money less valuable.
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So as the country printed more and more money, it became worth less and less, and the currency crashed.
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In 1919, one US dollar was worth about four German marks.
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By December 1923, one US dollar was equal to 4.2 trillion marks.
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The price of bread rose to 200 billion marks.
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Bank notes became worthless.
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Unsurprisingly, in such an economic crisis, Germany struggled to pay the Allies.
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The French were pissed about this, so they occupied the Ruhr, an area full of factories, and took the economic output from the area as payment.
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They treated the German civilians badly, and in total, approximately 130 Germans were killed during the occupation.
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Germans were furious and Hitler and the Nazis thought that now would be a great time to lead a revolution.
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In November 1923, inspired by something a certain bold Italian man did a year earlier, Hitler stormed a meeting at a beer hall and called for an uprising against the government.
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With his supporters, he marched on the streets of Munich, hoping the police would join his side.
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They did not.
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Hitler was put on trial for treason.
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He could have been sentenced to life, but the right-wing judges thought he was a pretty cool guy.
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Hitler knew the judges and knew that they would be lenient, so he took the opportunity to make impassioned speeches during the trial.
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And in the end he was sentenced to just five years in prison, of which he only served nine months, and when I say prison, it was more like a pleasant hotel stay where he had plenty of time to write a book.
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The whole affair was covered by the media nationwide, and it made Hitler famous.
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Hitler and his extreme message were now known throughout Germany, but the everyday Germans still didn't care much for him.
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In the 1928 election, the Nazis only won about 2% of the vote.
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Many Germany were still intimidated by all the violence and the shouting and how unpolitician like he was.
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But a new economic crisis would change all of that.
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To help Germany pay its reparations, America agreed to give it loans.
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In October 1929, the Wall Street crash happened and America wanted its money back.
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The economic strain that's put on an already struggling Germany was severe.
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Unemployment skyrocketed.
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Poverty was widespread and Germans were sick of it.
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It was clear that the newly formed democracy wasn't working.
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In the face of crisis, Germans began moving to the political extremes.
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If you were German and wanted change, your choices now were either the communists or the Nazis.
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Hitler claimed that he was the only one who could return Germany to its former glory.
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The Nazi party used propaganda to make Hitler seem like a great and powerful man, and they gave the German people a scapegoat to blame for all their suffering.
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The promise of a single strong dictator was a breath of fresh air for Germans after years of failing democracy.
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Some bought into his extreme ideology.
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Some didn't agree with the racism, but were willing to vote for him anyway.
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Many didn't know much about politics at all, but just got caught up in the hype.
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Election after election, the Nazis became more and more popular, until in 1932, they became the biggest party in the German parliament.
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Hitler came to truly believe that he was some sort of great destined savior of Germany.
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Germany.
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He turned megalomaniac.
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He decided to run for president and did surprisingly well, but still lost to the extremely popular World War One General Paul von Hindenburg.
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Since he was now the leader of the biggest party though, he demanded President Hindenburg make him Chancellor,
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but Hindenburg was reluctant seeing that Hitler was clearly such a big racist.
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Industry leaders urged Hindenburg to give Hitler the chancellorship, fearing the rising support for communism, and leader of the center party von Papen, who had been secretly negotiating with Hitler, said to Hindenburg,
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How about we make Hitler chancellor on the condition
65
that I get to be vice chancellor and most government jobs go to us moderate conservatives?
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That way I'll get to keep my power, I mean we'll get to keep our power and we'll control Hitler like he's our angry little puppet.
67
What could possibly go wrong?
68
As it turned out, everything.
69
Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in January 1933, but he was not yet a dictator.
70
In February, the German parliament building was set on fire.
71
Historians still aren't sure who did it, and many suspect the Nazis did it themselves, but Hitler blamed the communists,
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and he convinced President Hindenburg to sign an emergency decree allowing him to imprison all communists and other political opponents.
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Communists and others were sent off to the first concentration camp in Dachau.
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At this time, the elderly President Hindenburg passed away, giving Hitler the perfect opportunity.
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He introduced a law to parliament that would allow him to make all future laws and decisions entirely on his own.
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With his political opponents in prison and the SA intimidating others, Hitler's law passed.
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Just two months after becoming chancellor, Hitler was now a dictator.
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He still had one problem.
79
The leader of the SA wanted the SA to take over the job of the regular German army.
80
And the German army didn't like that idea.
81
Hitler needed to maintain the support of his professionally trained German army, more so than his rough and rowdy SA.
82
So one night in June 1934, he had Rom and many other of his own SA officers rounded up and murdered.
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While he was at it, he took the opportunity to brutally settle some personal scores as well.
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Politicians who had disagreed with him in the past, reporters who had printed negative articles about him, one guy who did absolutely nothing, but they thought he was someone else.
85
In some cases, even their families were murdered.
86
In total, up to 200 people were killed in what became known as the Night of the Long Knives.
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The The army, now satisfied that they wouldn't be replaced, pledged total allegiance to their new Führer, and Hitler's control was now absolute.
88
Life in Germany changed violently.
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Freedom of the press, expression, and public assembly were suspended.
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Jews were initially branded and their businesses boycotted.
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And eventually, Hitler would go on to have 6 million Jewish men, women, and children killed in concentration camps.
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Hundreds of thousands of people were forced into sterilization for physical and mental imperfections.
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The Hitler Youth became a way to brainwash the young.
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Boys were trained to fight and returned home from camp violent.
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Girls were told their purpose was to have many pure Aryan children, and they would sometimes return from camp pregnant.
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When their parents were understandably horrified, their children would threaten to turn them over to the Gestapo for standing in the way of Germany's greatness.
97
The standard greeting changed, and you could be sent to a concentration camp for not using it.
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This way, it seemed like everyone was a Nazi supporter.
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If you dare oppose Hitler or speak out against him in any way, you also would be sent to a concentration camp.
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German nationalism captivated the young Adolf.
101
Extreme ideology and anti-Semitism festered in him as a young man living a hard life on the streets.
102
Germany's defeat in the First World War filled him with hatred and a thirst for vengeance.
103
A political movement that treated him like a god
104
and hundreds of thousands looking up to him as their savior made him a megalomaniac.
105
And soon, his aggressive foreign policies would drag the world into a second tragic global conflict, otherwise known as...
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Video này có 105 câu và 1694 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 8:16. Người nói nói nhanh, khoảng 205 từ mỗi phút, nên sẽ có nhiều chỗ nối âm và nuốt âm. Chỉ 81% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng khá khó.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| communist danh từ | /ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪst/ | người cộng sản |
| chancellor danh từ | /ˈt͡ʃænsələ/ | tể tướng, thủ tướng |
| ideology danh từ | /aɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | ý thức hệ, hệ tư tưởng |
| dictator danh từ | /ˈdɪkˌteɪtəɹ/ | kẻ độc tài, nhà độc tài |
| glory danh từ | /ˈɡlɔːɹi/ | vinh quang |
| communism danh từ | /ˈkɒmjᵿnɪz(ə)m/ | chủ nghĩa cộng sản |
| savior danh từ | /ˈseɪvjɚ/ | cứu tinh |
| defend động từ | /dɪˈfɪnd/ | bảo vệ, che chở |
| everyday tính từ | /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/ | hằng ngày, thường ngày |
| poverty danh từ | /ˈpɑːvɚti/ | sự nghèo nàn |
| suffer động từ | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | chịu đựng |
| output danh từ | /ˈaʊtpʊt/ | đầu ra |
| racist danh từ | /ˈɹeɪ.sɪst/ | người phân biệt chủng tộc |
| dragon danh từ | /ˈdɹæɡən/ | rồng |
| currency danh từ | /ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/ | tiền tệ, ngoại tệ |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| pass away động từ | qua đời, từ trần |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 13 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ didn't, we'll, weren't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “th”: ethnic /ˈɛθ.nɪk/, breathe /bɹiːð/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, worthless /ˈwɜːθ.ləs/, thirst /θɝst/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, reduction /ɹɪˈdʌk.ʃən/, occupation /ˌɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/, politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/, citizenship /ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, ideology /aɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/, occupation /ˌɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/, politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như communist, chancellor, ideology.
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | be reduced · was tasked · should be allowed |
| Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật | one who could · guy who did |
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.