Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: UN CRPD Full Version
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255 câu
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1
The United Nations brings together the countries of the world
Liên hợp quốc tập hợp các quốc gia trên thế giới lại với nhau.
2
to keep peace and to work together to help people.
để duy trì hòa bình và cùng nhau hợp tác giúp đỡ người dân.
3
stop poverty and disease and encourage respect for rights and freedoms.
chấm dứt nghèo đói và bệnh tật, đồng thời khuyến khích sự tôn trọng các quyền và tự do.
4
A convention is an agreement.
Một quy ước là một thỏa thuận.
5
The Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities means
Công ước về Quyền của Người khuyết tật có nghĩa là
6
that the United Nations agrees that people with disabilities have the same rights and freedoms as other people.
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The United Nations agrees to protect and help disabled people to enjoy these rights and freedoms.
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The CRPD has chapters called Articles, There are 50.
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Articles plus a preamble introduction.
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This video summarizes each article.
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Preamble People with disabilities have dignity and worth.
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We have a right to participate in society fully and equally, without barriers.
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Other people must respect us.
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Respect our independence, respect our right to make decisions for ourselves
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The United Nations recognizes that some people face double discrimination
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They face barriers
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Because they have a disability
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And they face barriers because of their gender
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Age, religion, skin color, language, race, political opinions or poverty.
20
The United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities tries to remove these barriers
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and allow our equality rights and freedoms whatever our disability age gender language and so on.
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Article 1.
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Purpose The purpose of the CRPD is to promote,
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protect, and guarantee the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and freedoms for people with disabilities
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and to respect their dignity.
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It doesn't matter what kind of disability.
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All are equal.
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Article 2.
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Definitions.
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Article number 2 explains some words that are used in the CRPD.
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It is important that everyone understands the meaning of these articles.
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Communication includes Braille, tactile, large print.
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Communication technology, written, spoken, heard.
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Languages, other kinds of communication.
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Language includes spoken and signed language.
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And other forms of non -spoken languages.
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Discrimination of the basis of disability
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means any kind of barriers to stop or oppress or exclude people with disabilities just because they have a disability.
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Reasonable accommodation means removing barriers against people with disabilities.
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If this does not put burdens on others, for example, cost too much money.
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Universal Design When you create products, programs, and services, you should include accessibility from the start.
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Accessibility should not be an added on later.
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article 3 general principles the CRPD recognizes eight points called general principles
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number one respect for dignity and independence including the freedom to make your own choices
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Number two, discrimination is forbidden.
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Number three, full participation in society.
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Number four, respect for differences and acceptance of persons with disabilities.
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As part of human diversity.
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Number five, equality of opportunity.
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6. Equality of accessibility.
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7. Equality between men and women.
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8. Respect for the abilities of children with disabilities and respect for their rights to keep their identities.
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Article 4.
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General Obligations.
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Each country that accepts the CRPD promises
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that its government will support the full equal rights and freedoms of people with disabilities.
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It promises to remove barriers, stop discrimination, and provide information and assistive technology.
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Each country agrees to work in cooperation with organizations of people with disabilities.
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Article 5.
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Equality and Non -Discrimination People with disabilities have equal rights in law.
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5. Governments agree to make sure their law protects against discrimination.
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Article 6.
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Women with disabilities 6.
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Women with disabilities face double discrimination.
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Governments must recognize and protect equality between women and men,
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and the equality between people with disabilities and other people.
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Article 7.
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Children with Disabilities Children with disabilities have equal rights and freedoms.
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They have the right to their own opinion and decisions about themselves,
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their disabilities, and their future.
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Article 8.
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Awareness Raising
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Governments have a responsibility to teach their people about the rights of persons with disabilities,
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to encourage respect for people with disabilities, to recognize their achievements, and to correct wrong ideas about people with disabilities.
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Article 9 Accessibility
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People with disabilities must have equal access to the physical environment such as schools,
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hospitals, workplaces, transportation, information, communications,
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technologies, and other places and services open to the public.
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How to do this? governments must set standards and good practices for accessibility.
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For example, buildings should have information posted in Braille.
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Public buildings, like museums, should provide professional sign language interpreters.
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Internet websites should include
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Accessible design and easy to understand words
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Article 10 Right to Life Everyone has the right to life
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Governments must make sure people with disabilities can enjoy life equally Article 11.
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Situations of Risk and Humanitarian Emergencies Persons with disabilities have the right to protection and safety in war,
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emergencies, and natural disasters, such as hurricanes and earthquakes.
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Article 12 Equal Recognition Before the Law
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We all have the right to equality in law courts and legal business.
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We have the right to support services we need to participate fully in legal business.
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Governments must protect our legal rights.
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We have equal rights to own and inherit property.
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Control our own money and access credit, such as bank loans and mortgages.
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Article 13 Access to Justice Article 12 focused on legal businesses and legal rights
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Article 13 focuses on legal proceedings, such as police investigations, courtrooms,
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jail in all legal proceedings persons with disabilities have a right to access these services police
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and prison staff need to be given special training about disabilities Article 14.
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Liberty and security of the person.
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People with disabilities cannot be put in prison just because of their disability.
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Disability is not a crime.
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If a person with a disability is guilty of crimes, such as stealing, killing, or abuse, they should go to jail.
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But they cannot be jailed just because they have a disability.
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Article 15.
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Freedom from torture or cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment or punishment.
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Government must protect people with disabilities against torture and cruelty.
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This includes medical or scientific experiments that we do not voluntarily agree to participate in.
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Thank you.
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Article 16 Freedom from Exploitation,
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Violence, and Abuse Almost the same as Article 15.
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Article 15 say governments must protect people with disabilities from violence and abuse.
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Article 16 says that if violence and abuse happens to disabled people,
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governments must investigate, punish the abuser, and help the victim.
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Article 17, Protecting the Integrity of the Person
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People who have a disability must be seen as whole people.
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They must be seen as people first, not a disability.
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Their disability does not make them less than whole.
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Article 18.
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Liberty of Movement and Nationality
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Disability cannot be used as a reason for refusing to give people proof of their nationality.
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Example, a birth certificate or a passport. To emigrate and immigrate.
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And to re -enter their country.
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Article 19.
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Living independently and being included in the community.
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Persons with disabilities have the right to decide where and how they wish to live in the community
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and to receive support services that help them to live there.
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Article 20.
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Personal Mobility People with disabilities have the right to personal mobility and have the right to choose devices,
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technologies, and living assistance.
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Article 21 Freedom of Expression and Opinion and Access to Information
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Persons with disabilities have equal freedom of expression and opinion,
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and to receive and give information and ideas on an equal basis with other people.
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They have the right to make their own choices and communication method.
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This includes providing information in accessible formats and technologies in a timely manner and without additional cost.
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2. Providing professional interpretation for official interaction such as meetings with politicians.
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3. Encouraging accessibility to information, services, the internet, etc. 4.
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Encouraging the media, TV, radio,
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newspapers, magazines, etc. to provide accessibility.
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5. Recognizing and promoting sign languages.
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Article 22.
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Respect for Privacy.
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Government must protect people with disabilities against interference with their privacy,
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family, home, good name, communications, and personal information.
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Article 23.
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Respect for the Home and the Family Persons with disabilities have equal rights to make their own decisions about marriage,
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having children, family, and relationships with other people.
146
They have the right to equal access to information about family planning and the right to government assistance in their family responsibilities.
147
Children with disabilities must not be hidden,
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abandoned, neglected, or separated from their parents on the basis of their disability or their parents disability.
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Article 24.
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Education.
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Persons with disabilities have equal access to quality,
152
free education with the supports and assistance they require.
153
This includes education at all levels,
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elementary, high school, university training schools, and adult learning.
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It also includes learning Braille, sign language, and any other form of communication that the person needs or wants.
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The educational environment must support the best learning and social development of children with disabilities.
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Teachers must be given appropriate training and teachers with disabilities must be hired.
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Article 25 Health
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People with disabilities have the right to equal quality and any kinds of health services,
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including early intervention, sexual health, and health insurance.
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Health professionals must provide an equal quality of health care.
162
Health care workers must receive training about the human rights,
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dignity, independence, and needs of persons with disabilities.
164
Article 26.
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Habilitation and Rehabilitation
166
Habilitation and rehabilitation services and programs,
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especially in health, employment, education and social services,
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must be provided to persons with disabilities as early as possible and as close to their communities as possible.
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Article 27.
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Work and Employment It's forbidden to discriminate against people with disabilities.
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In employment, including hiring, training,
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promotion, workplace safety, pay, union rights,
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self -employment, and support programs.
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Article 28.
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Adequate Standard of Living and Social Protection Persons with disabilities have an equal right to necessary standards of living,
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such as food, clothing, housing,
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water, social protection, poverty reduction, and retirement benefits.
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Article 29.
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Participation in Political and Public Life Persons with disabilities are guaranteed political rights,
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including the right to vote, to participate in political life,
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to be elected, and to participate in organizations involved in public and political life of their country.
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Article 30, Participation in Cultural Life, Recreation, Leisure, and Sport.
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Governments recognize the right of persons with disabilities to participate equally in culture, sports, leisure, and tourism.
184
Governments must make sure access and support services are provided.
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Government shall recognize and support the specific cultural and linguistic identity of people with disabilities,
186
including sign languages and deaf culture.
187
Article 31.
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Statistics and Data Collection
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Governments must collect statistics and research data about disabilities.
190
The privacy of persons with disabilities must be protected in relation to such data.
191
Article 32 International Cooperation
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countries should work together to achieve the goals
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of CRPD example through international development programs best practices
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and scientific and technical exchanges countries
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Studies must work together with organizations of people with disabilities too.
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Article 33 National Implementation and Monitoring
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Governments shall appoint a person or department
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or organizations to be responsible for running the CRPD in their country.
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persons with disabilities must be included in monitoring the CRPD article 34 committee on the rights of persons with disabilities
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the United Nations shall establish a committee on the rights of persons with disabilities with a maximum of 18 members.
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Article 35.
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Reports by States Parties.
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Each country will report to the United Nations on its progress in applying the CRPD.
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The first report is due in two years.
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Thereafter, reports are due at least every four years.
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Article 36.
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Consideration of Reports The Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
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shall review the reports and may make suggestions recommendations and or requests for further information
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article 37 cooperation between states parties and the committee
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There shall be cooperation between each country's government and the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
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Article 38.
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Relationship of the Committee with other bodies.
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The Committee shall consult and cooperate with other
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United Nations and international agencies as needed.
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Article 39.
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Report of the Committee.
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Every two years, the Committee shall report and make recommendations to the General Assembly,
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and to the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations.
219
Article 40.
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Conference of States Parties Article 40.
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Conference of States Parties at least every two years national governments shall meet
222
to discuss any concerns relating to the implementation of the crpd article 41 depository
223
the secretary general of the united nations has final responsibility for the CRPD.
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Article 42.
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Signature.
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After March 30, 2007, any country can sign the CRPD at the United Nations headquarters.
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Article 43.
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Consent to be bound.
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When a country signs the CRPD,
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it means the country promises that its national government will accept the CRPD.
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Article 44.
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Regional integration organizations.
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Regional integration organizations are countries in the same geographic
234
region who have given some of their CRPD responsibilities to a cooperative organization such as the European Union.
235
This is acceptable.
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Article 45 Entry into Force When a country ratifies the CRPD,
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30 days later, it has the power of law.
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Article 46 Reservations After a country signs the CRPD,
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it cannot oppose the purpose and goals of the CRPD.
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Article 47 Amendments Any government may propose an amendment to the CRPD.
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If two -thirds of the United Nations agree,
242
the amendment will be discussed at a conference.
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If two -thirds of the members at the conference vote to approve the amendment,
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then the Secretary General must bring it to the General Assembly for approval.
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Article 48, Denunciation.
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If a country approves the CRPD and later its government wants to cancel its approval,
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it can do so by writing to the Secretary General.
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The cancellation shall take effect one year later.
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Article 49.
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Accessible Format The CRPD is available in various accessible formats.
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Article 50.
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Authentic Texts.
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The Convention is equally acceptable in the following languages.
254
Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.
255
Thank you.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói này dựa trên video “UN CRPD Full Version”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: article, disabilities, crpd, equal, disability. Video này có 255 câu và 2209 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 35:25. Người nói nói chậm, khoảng 62 từ mỗi phút, đủ thời gian để bạn bắt chước từng âm. Chỉ 81% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng khá khó.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| disability danh từ | /dɪsəˈbɪlɪti/ | khuyết tật |
| equality danh từ | /ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/ | sự bình đẳng |
| discrimination danh từ | /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/ | phân biệt đối xử, kì thị |
| barrier danh từ | /ˈbæɹi.ə/ | chướng ngại |
| accessibility danh từ | /əkˌsɛs.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ | (tính) tiếp cận, khả năng tiếp cận |
| participate động từ | /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ | tham gia |
| encourage động từ | /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | cổ vũ, khích lệ |
| cooperation danh từ | /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | sự hợp tác, hợp tác |
| dignity danh từ | /ˈdɪɡnɪti/ | nhân phẩm |
| poverty danh từ | /ˈpɑːvɚti/ | sự nghèo nàn |
| amendment danh từ | /əˈmɛndmənt/ | sửa đổi |
| privacy danh từ | /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/ | sự riêng tư |
| participation danh từ | /pɑːˌtɪs.ɪˈpeɪ.ʃən/ | sự tham gia |
| format danh từ | /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ | khổ (sách, giấy, bìa) |
| guarantee danh từ | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | sự bảo đảm |
Phát âm cần chú ý
- Âm “th”: clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/, authentic /ɔˈθɛn.tɪk/, thereafter /ˌðɛɹˈæf.tɚ/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: discrimination /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, participation /pɑːˌtɪs.ɪˈpeɪ.ʃən/, implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/, integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: disability /dɪsəˈbɪlɪti/, equality /ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/, discrimination /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/, accessibility /əkˌsɛs.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/, participate /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: amendment /əˈmɛndmənt/, proceedings /pɹəˈsiːd.ɪŋz/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, collect /ˈkɑlɪkt/, achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: encourage /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/, torture /ˈtoɹt͡ʃɚ/, leisure /ˈlɛʒə(ɹ)/, mortgage /ˈmoɹ.ɡɪd͡ʒ/, achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: barrier /ˈbæɹi.ə/, format /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/, guarantee /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/, nationality /ˌnæʃ.əˈnæl.ɪ.ti/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như disability, equality, discrimination.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.