Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: We Built a Wildlife Corridor Through a City
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152 câu
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What if there was a way to transform your city from this to this, replacing concrete with flowers and drains with rain gardens?
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What if we can make our towns resilient against floods, heatwaves and droughts, whilst boosting biodiversity and mental health?
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Right now, all around the world, people are finding incredible ways to bring nature back into our cities.
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And we're here in Bristol to do exactly that.
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We're literally kind of surfing on a wetland right now, and I never thought I would say that sentence.
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Pockets of lush green wetlands have been popping up all over the city.
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Now there's a plan to create a green corridor along the river's embankment.
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And we're going to help make this dream a reality.
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Together with our friend
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Sam Bentley, we'll explore just how easily we can upgrade our cities
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and what that means for the future of urban environments all over the world.
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In this video, we're going to be checking out loads of genius innovations
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that are bringing nature back to the city piece by piece.
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We're Planet Wild.
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Welcome to Mission 43.
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More than half of the global population live in cities, and many of these places have one thing in common.
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They were built on water.
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Basically, where you see a city, there used to be a swamp or a wetland.
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Then we built huge drainage networks to remove the water and paved over the land so we could live there, sometimes even burying entire rivers underground,
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like the Bievre in Paris, the Fleet in London, or the Frome here in Bristol.
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And predictably, removing all this water has led to some massive problems.
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Flash flooding.
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Flash flooding.
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Flash flooding in parts of London.
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Urban heat island effect.
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Dangerous conditions to be outdoors.
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Turns out, wetlands aren't just incredibly important for wildlife, but they also keep temperature and water levels stable.
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You know, the kind of thing we humans really need to survive.
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And this is why all over the world, people are bringing wetlands back into our cities.
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When you start to install wetlands across the city, whether that's a small rain garden,
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a drain pipe wetland, right the way to a lake in your local park,
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it's really sort of magical and everyone in the city benefits from wetlands.
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This is Julia from WWT, the wetland charity.
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They're kicking off a huge effort to turn Bristol into the UK's first wetland city.
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By replacing old drainage systems with lush rain gardens, installing micro wetlands in backyards and anchoring huge wetlands on the river,
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they're creating little pockets of biodiversity everywhere.
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In fact, over the next few years, there'll be 200 new projects here in Bristol to bring nature back.
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Just imagine the impact that this would have it would completely transform public space across the city, creating habitat, absorbing floodwaters, filtering toxic runoff,
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and cooling the city down.
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And the transformation has already begun.
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WWT and their partners are creating a wildlife corridor through the city center.
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And this is the next piece of the puzzle.
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We are currently building and planting a futuristic structure called a floating wetland.
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We've got one platform which is 100 square meters
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and another smaller 16 square meter platform specifically designed with these miniature staircases to save baby seagulls
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that are getting stuck in a corner of the harbor.
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But we are not doing this alone.
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Hey Cam.
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Alright Sam.
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How's it going?
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How's it going?
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This is Sam Bentley, founder and host of one of our favorite YouTube channels.
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If you've never heard of him, he reports good news stories from around the world and is also making a video about the transformation of Bristol.
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So we asked him if he could help us with our new floating wetlands.
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This is that and then this becomes there and… Huh?
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Okay, okay.
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This is how it works.
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Step one is putting all the pieces together and locking them in place.
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It's a completely modular structure that can be built to any size, and every element is recycled, recyclable or biodegradable.
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The frame and floats are old drinking water pipes that are wrapped in coconut husk.
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And instead of soil or mud that would just drift away, we're using buoyant clay pellets as the plant bed.
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Step two is planting it with more than 20 species of native wetland plants.
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What have you got?
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Ah, nice.
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Glorious.
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So above water, we have this layered planting system that creates snow wastes for pollinators and a safe haven for nesting birds.
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But the real magic happens underneath.
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As these plants grow, their roots go super deep into the water, creating a refuge for marine life, cleaning the water, taking all those pollutants out,
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and also regulating water temperature too.
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There's potential to install up to 5 ,000 square metres of these floating wetlands here in Bristol,
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transforming the concrete embankment into a thriving nature corridor.
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So the Planet Wild community is completely funding the construction and installation of these two modules,
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as well as even more platforms in the future to make this dream a reality.
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You know, with Planet Wild, we do projects all over the world, bringing nature back in different remote, far -flung places.
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But it's just amazing to see that it can come back in the middle of our cities.
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So in addition to the floating wetlands,
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we're also helping WWT to develop a miniature wetland in a box that can be attached to any ordinary drain pipe.
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To show you how it works, we're gonna take a break from the harbor and visit a small garden nearby to build a prototype.
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We should probably get on with it though.
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Yeah.
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So this is a very ordinary drain pipe coming from the roof and so when it rains,
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the water goes from the gutter all the way down here straight into the drain.
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But we are gonna catch this water and use it to create a wetland in a box.
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Well, it's actually two boxes.
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The top box acts as a pond where aquatic plants can thrive as it fills up with rainwater.
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This eventually overflows into the bottom box, a miniature bog that insects and amphibians can call home.
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So to make it yourself, you just need to follow these steps.
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First thing we need to do is make a hole in the bottom.
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This hole should be covered with a filter.
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And we use this permeable plant pot.
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Then add a layer of gravel, a fabric membrane, and a layer of soil.
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The membrane is there to stop the soil running down the drain.
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Step 2.
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Drill a hole into the side of the top box, allowing the water to flow into the bottom box.
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Step 3.
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Take a deep breath and cut the drain pipe so
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that the entire structure will be in the perfect position to catch the water.
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Step 4.
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Fill everything with native wetland plants and add a wall of loose bricks.
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And that's it, we're done.
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And within hours you'll start to get insects like dragonflies and damselflies coming back here.
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Spiders can make their homes in here, frogs and newts can come and live in here.
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And it's just incredible the amount of biodiversity that can come back just with this.
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The UK actually has 4 ,000 square kilometers of garden space just like this.
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And now we can actually start to use some of that and give it back to nature.
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We have to interrupt this
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Planet Wild video to bring you some breaking good news from cities around the world.
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First up, we're heading to Seoul, South Korea.
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For decades the Jongjuchon stream was completely buried underneath a massive elevated highway.
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But in the early 2000s, the city actually tore that highway down and restored the natural river.
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Since then, biodiversity has exploded by over 600 % and the corridor is now home to hundreds of species of fish, birds and insects.
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Now we're heading over to the Netherlands where one company has found a way to turn lifeless concrete buildings into green space.
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Respire uses a moisture retaining concrete layer to grow moss directly onto walls.
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Within 12 weeks it forms a green surface that survives on rainwater alone, filtering air pollution while naturally cooling the building.
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Next up we're looking to China where they're creating huge sponge cities.
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Instead of using great infrastructure like concrete pipes to drain stormwater,
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they're building sprawling urban wetland parks and permeable pavements that naturally soak up extreme floods like a giant sponge.
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But the ultimate nature city has to be Singapore.
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By making greenery a core part of their urban design, they've turned a dense metropolis into a city in nature
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and their waterways are now so healthy
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that families of wild otters are happily swimming right through the middle of the central business district.
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You can see from these projects there's not just one solution.
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In a city you have to find little pockets
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and corners to bring nature back around human infrastructure and that's exactly what we're doing in Bristol.
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We're literally kind of surfing on a wetland right now and I never thought I would say that sentence.
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This will be the permanent home of our new wetland.
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For centuries it's been a grey wall but thanks to the Planet Wild community it will soon look like this.
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This piece was installed just two years ago and you can see the difference it's just like full of life.
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There's families of birds in there, it's full of insects, I've seen loads of fish swimming underneath.
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Just incredible what can happen in such a short space of time.
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And of course this is just the beginning.
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These plants will start to establish, they'll start to grow and it really will start attracting nature in.
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We haven't even finished installing the wetland yet and there's this family of swans rocking up and checking it out.
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It can potentially be their new home, like that is just so perfect, so beautiful.
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Finally we installed the second platform and again the effect was instant.
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So we literally just installed the floating wetland
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and we've seen a baby seagull who is stuck in the water use the ramp
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and climb up onto the platform and that's just saved its life it's just unbelievable to witness.
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And that is the beauty of this project nature is just waiting beneath the concrete
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and the asphalt once you give it a chance it's immediately making our cities more biodiverse safer
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and simply nicer places to live.
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And because it's such a simple solution, it can easily be copied around the world.
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So our funding here is not only transforming Bristol, but it's also creating a blueprint for future wetland cities everywhere.
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Thank you so much for making it all the way to the end of the video.
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I hope you can tell that we put a lot of hard work into the missions and the mission videos,
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but we really couldn't do any of it without our community.
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Right now, we're more than 27 ,000 members.
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We're actually growing really quickly which is so exciting.
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Every single month we go on a mission to bring back endangered species, to clean up our oceans and to restore entire landscapes.
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So if that sounds good to you, you can join
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Planet Wild as a backer by following the QR code here or the link in the description.
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Thanks so much for watching and catch you next time.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói này dựa trên video “We Built a Wildlife Corridor Through a City”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: wetland, nature, cities, Bristol, drain. Video này có 115 câu và 1927 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 11:27. Người nói nói với tốc độ tự nhiên, khoảng 168 từ mỗi phút, gần với hội thoại hằng ngày. Chỉ 80% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng khá khó.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| drain danh từ | /dɹiːn/ | cống |
| flood danh từ | /flʌd/ | lụt, lụt lội |
| pipe danh từ | /ˈpaɪp/ | ống sáo, ống tiêu |
| float động từ | /fləʊt/ | nổi |
| layer danh từ | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | lớp |
| corridor danh từ | /ˈkɒɹɪdɔː/ | hành lang |
| insect danh từ | /ˈɪn.sɛkt/ | sâu bọ, côn trùng |
| pocket danh từ | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | túi, túi áo |
| soil danh từ | /sɔɪl/ | đất |
| filter danh từ | /ˈfɪltɚ/ | máy lọc |
| metre danh từ | /ˈmiːtəɹ/ | mét, thước |
| infrastructure danh từ | /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/ | cơ sở hạ tầng |
| swim động từ | /swɪm/ | bơi, tắm |
| restore động từ | /ɹɪˈstoɹ/ | khôi phục, phục hồi |
| install động từ | /ɪnˈstɔl/ | cài đặt |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| come back động từ | trở lại, trở về |
| check out động từ | tính tiền, trả phòng |
| clean up động từ | quét dọn, quét tước |
| get on with động từ | quay lại, tiếp tục |
| run down động từ | chạy xuống |
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | has led · has already begun · you've never heard |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | were built · can be built · are wrapped |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 36 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ we're, gonna, they're. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “th”: underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, thrive /θɹajv/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: miniature /ˈmɪn.(i)ə.tʃəɹ/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: transform /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/, insect /ˈɪn.sɛkt/, installed /ɪnˈstɔːld/, thrive /θɹajv/, sponge /spʌnd͡ʒ/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: miniature /ˈmɪn.(i)ə.tʃəɹ/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, drainage /ˈdɹeɪnəd͡ʒ/, sponge /spʌnd͡ʒ/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: transform /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, charity /ˈtʃæɹɪti/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như drain, flood, pipe.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.