跟讀練習: Australia Has A Tradie Shortage - BTN High - 通過影片學習英語口語

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110 句

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How has your apprenticeship been so far?

Oh heaps good.

I love my job.

How are you going today?

We're building Australia and we're building the world.

If you don't have a plumber, you don't have a toilet.

If you don't have a sparky, you don't have lights.

If you don't have a tradie, you don't have anything, you don't have a house to live in, you don't have none of that.

Without enough people, construction work takes longer, it's more expensive and the quality can suffer as well, so we really desperately need more tradies.

Australia's population is growing.

It's jumped from 23.8 million to more than 27 million over the past 10 years.

And with more people comes greater demands for, well, everything.

But the number of people starting apprenticeships and joining the trade sector hasn't kept up.

In fact, it's barely changed.

And with a housing crisis on our hands, it has a lot of people asking, where are all the tradies?

So I'm Will Frogley, I'm the Chief Executive Officer of Masters Builds SA.

There's a massive shortage of tradies running around Australia.

I think we're seeing this shortage because for

so many years kids were told they had to go to university and you have to go to uni, you have to go to uni, you have to go to uni, otherwise it's, you know, your second rate almost.

Nothing could be further from the truth.

According to Monash University's 2024 Australian Youth Barometer report,

70% of young people aged 15 to 19 say they plan to go to university after school.

But for apprenticeships, the numbers are a lot lower, with only 15.2% of males planning to do an apprenticeship.

And it's even lower for women and gender-diverse young people.

The stigma that parents put on kids and schools put on kids, that they have to go to uni to be successful.

It's just, like, it's so not true.

Isabella is a third-year electrical apprentice, and while she was always a hands-on kid, trades weren't really offered to her as an option at school.

Loved Lego growing up, loved helping in the garden, and I was just really inspired by my dad.

He was a tradie and I just always wanted to help him out as much as I could, so, yeah, it's definitely a big part.

I went to a private all-girls school and trade really wasn't even an option for me.

I had to do all the research myself.

I was told I had to apply for uni.

Literally, they would make sure we applied.

Otherwise, they were like, we can't let you graduate.

So I ended up applying for uni, but I knew I wasn't going to go.

There are apprenticeships for all kinds of things.

They combine on-the-job training with formal study.

You get paid for it, there's no HECS debt, and at the end, you'll be qualified to do a specific trade.

So, basically, you work a full-time job.

It's a good way to get paid to learn, pretty much.

So you work and you get paid and you learn.

That was terrible.

An apprenticeship is earning while learning.

Joseph is in his third year of his plumbing apprenticeship.

I wasn't too keen at school.

It wasn't my forte.

I liked working more and I knew I liked working hands-on instead of being in a classroom, you know, reading a book and typing on a computer.

So I always knew trade was an option for me.

Being paid to learn is great for getting people into the industry.

But the wages aren't very high because, well, apprentices are still learning and the businesses

that hire them often take on the costs and risks that come with training someone who's not yet qualified.

I guess the wages are a bit challenging sometimes when you got, you know, in car insurance to pay for and rego or, you know, your car's broken down and that can be hard if you're not a good saver.

And wages is something the government is targeting to try and entice more people to learn a trade.

Master Builders Australia estimates

that the industry needs an extra 130,000 workers to reach the government's national target of 1.2 million homes by mid-2029.

So, earlier this year, the federal government announced an incentive

that would pay housing and construction apprentices $10,000 in five instalments over the duration of their training,

with more given to those who live away from home.

Right now, a first year carpentry apprentice earns about two thirds of the minimum wage.

Some apprentices earn even less.

Many apprentices have said they could earn more stacking shelves at the supermarket.

And too many leave training because they simply can't afford to stay.

They absolutely do make a difference.

We need to make it as attractive as possible to be an apprentice.

You can earn more money today doing something else, but my message is if you stick with it, once you've finished your apprenticeship,

within a few years you can be earning really good money and that's why it's really rewarding to stay the course.

The wage goes up every year and the award rates always go up

and once you're qualified as well the money's just pretty insane for what it is and what you can do.

But it doesn't start and end with money.

Some in the industry say there are cultural challenges

that contribute to the fact that almost half of apprentices don't actually finish their training.

I reckon there should be a bit more support for apprentices.

Some companies and some trades people very hard on the apprentices.

It's sink or swim.

Maybe some bullying as well, like some people face that.

I've had a lot of mates do apprenticeships and then not follow through, which were very challenging times for them.

There's a mindset from some of the old guard in the industry

that kids lack resilience these days they don't know how to work, you know, they're much more high maintenance than they used to be.

But at the end of the day, it is a different generation and they want more support.

So you give it to them to help them succeed.

That's what it's all about.

And we haven't even mentioned the fact that fewer than 3% of people on the tools in Australia are women.

And how honest am I being here?

One of my friends got told that she shouldn't be doing her job, so.. because she's not strong enough.

Probably the worst thing I've experienced is actually female toilets on sites and the lack of them.

I've been on a couple job sites where I've been told to drive to the closest servo for a toilet, where there's been a block of men's toilets with, like, urinals in it.

So obviously I don't want to go in there.

And then they won't have a female toilet at all.

There's also a lack of sanitary facilities in women's toilets when they're on site.

We do push for a toilet, that sometimes they just don't respond.

We need way more female tradies, but you've got to get the basics right if you want to attract more women into the industry.

I might not be as tall and strong as a guy on site, but I've got different problem solving skills to him.

You need different skills on the job site.

I've seen it firsthand and yeah, we work really well together.

Have a good one.

Good years.

Will, Joseph and Isabella say that while there are challenges that come with the trade industry, it's also really rewarding.

And in Australia, there's never been a more important time to become a tradie.

100

As everyone knows, there's a real shortage of housing in Australia at the moment, and there's a lot of plans to build more homes, but without enough skilled trades,

101

it takes a lot longer and people need a roof over their heads now.

102

So that's why if you're wanting to get into the building construction industry, there's never been a better time to get your foot in the door because employers are absolutely crying out for people.

103

It's heaps satisfying fixing problems especially when you're you know getting better at your job

104

and you start doing things by yourself and figuring things out.

105

I've been learning a lot not just plumbing but also as myself

106

and becoming you know an adult and a tradesman so it's been very good in that aspect as well.

107

Every time we speak about women in trade it's always at trade events

108

and I just think we need to go broader so get out to the schools get out to society in general.

109

If it doesn't even seem like an option people aren't going to consider it.

110

You can't be what you can't see.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“Australia Has A Tradie Shortage - BTN High”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：trade, apprentice, apprenticeship, tradie, toilet。這段影片共有 110 個句子、1482 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 7:58。說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 186 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 84% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
apprentice 名詞	/əˈpɹɛntɪs/	學徒 /學徒
shortage 名詞	/ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/	短缺, 緊缺 /緊缺
carpentry 名詞	/ˈkɑː.pɪn.tri/	木工
entice 動詞	/ɪnˈtaɪs/	誘惑 /誘惑
firsthand 形容詞	/ˈfɜːstˌhænd/	第一手
plumber 名詞	/ˈplʌm.əɹ/	水管工, 管子工
resilience 名詞	/ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/	彈性, 韌性
stigma 名詞	/ˈstɪɡmə/	恥辱 /恥辱, 汙名
supermarket 名詞	/ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/	超級市場 /超級市場, 超市
mindset 名詞	/ˈmaɪn(d)ˌsɛt/	心態 /心態, 思維模式 /思維模式
incentive 名詞	/ɪnˈsɛntɪv/	刺激, 誘因 /誘因
bullying 名詞	/ˈbʊ.li.ɪŋ/	欺負 /欺負, 恃強欺弱 /恃強欺弱
satisfy 動詞	/ˈsætɪsfaɪ/	滿足 /滿足
desperately 副詞	/ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/	拼命地, 死命地
inspire 動詞	/ɪnˈspaɪə(ɹ)/	授意, 鼓舞

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
go up 動詞	上昇 /上升, 上去
break down 動詞	壞了 /壞了, 出故障
end up 動詞	到達
grow up 動詞	長大 /長大
run around 動詞	忙碌, 奔忙

值得反覆跟讀的句子

影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：

How has your apprenticeship been so far?
How are you going today?
Otherwise, they were like, we can't let you graduate.
I wasn't too keen at school.
You can't be what you can't see.

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	hasn't kept · have said · you've finished
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	were told · weren't really offered · was just really inspired
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	those who live · through, which were

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 50 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, I've, can't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: apprenticeship /əˈpɹɛn.tɪs.ʃɪp/, shortage /ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/, shelf /ʃɛlf/, duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: apprenticeship /əˈpɹɛn.tɪs.ʃɪp/, sanitary /ˈsænɪt(ə)ɹi/, resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, desperately /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: apprentice /əˈpɹɛntɪs/, apprenticeship /əˈpɹɛn.tɪs.ʃɪp/, shortage /ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/, entice /ɪnˈtaɪs/, firsthand /ˈfɜːstˌhænd/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: plumber /ˈplʌm.əɹ/, urinal /ˈjʊɹɪnəl/, resilience /ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/, desperately /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/, classroom /ˈklɑːsɹʊm/
/æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: firsthand /ˈfɜːstˌhænd/, sanitary /ˈsænɪt(ə)ɹi/, satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/, stack /stæk/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 apprentice, shortage, carpentry 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Australia Has A Tradie Shortage - BTN High - 通過影片學習英語口語

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