跟讀練習: Nanotechnology and Its Applications - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Part 4 You will hear part of a lecture on nanotechnology and its applications.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today's lecture is the first of a series of lectures on nanotechnology.
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Nanotechnology, sometimes shortened to nanotech, refers to the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular level.
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It's the science, engineering and technology conducted at the nanoscale, which is about 1 to 100 nanometres.
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It is the study and application of extremely small things and can be used across all the other science fields.
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Just how small is that?
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A nanometre is one billionth of a metre.
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The idea of nanoscale research first started from a physicist called Richard Feynman in 1959,
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He envisaged a process in which scientists would be able to manipulate and control individual atoms and molecules.
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In fact, it wasn't until 1981, with the invention of a special kind of microscope, that modern nanotechnology truly began.
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Even though nanotechnology has created many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications, there is always concern over these unnatural products.
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Many people are worried that they may pose a threat to the environment, health and safety, also known as EHS.
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In order to better understand and evaluate the potential harm, risk assessment has been introduced.
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There are also ongoing international collaborations on nanoEHS research and related policy issues.
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Despite the concern nanotechnology has benefited society in unexpected ways, In the food processing industry,
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nanotechnology is leveraged against iron deficiency, which triggers anemia.
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For example, by reducing the particle size in potatoes,
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this new technology improves the bioavailability of this nutritional ingredient without the tendency to cause colour and odour changes.
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In terms of packaging, nanomaterials are more economical and are used in all sorts of products, chocolate in particular.
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Nanotechnology can also enhance the flavour of food.
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On a domestic scale, we expect more smart furniture, which is made of shape memory alloys, to be manufactured.
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But nanotechnology has much wider application than this and could also help develop sustainable agriculture.
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It offers great potential to strengthen the effect of fertilizers, thereby minimizing the environmental impact and boosting the productivity of plants in the soil.
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In the area of medicine, bioengineers have developed simple and inexpensive nanoscale delivery vehicles,
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Conductors like carbon nanotubes have been invented with varying structures.
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Such nanotubes have become increasingly attractive to researchers because of their ability to efficiently deliver drugs into veins.
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This means that higher doses of drugs loaded on them can be transported from the administration sites to the effects -related sites, such as cancer focuses.
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thus decreasing toxic side effects while increasing the treatment effects.
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The research team has also developed a widely accepted material that can be used to coat different surfaces, including wood, plastic and glass.
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It is mainly comprised of silver.
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Such nanoparticles can eventually kill some microbes due to the antiseptic properties.
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The whole process is simple, easy to apply and, more importantly, harmless to the environment.
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Surprisingly, nanotechnology has major implications for our health as well.
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By changing the metabolic rate through a particular type of protein, obese patients are able to burn calories faster, even under a high calorie diet.
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Therefore, treatment programs are provided for patients to lose weight by disposing of excess fat in a relatively safer manner.
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The finding may help explain why overweight people struggle to lose weight.
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Their stored fat is actively fighting against their efforts to burn it off at the molecular level.
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Further research is mainly focused on the clinical and commercial developments of therapies for obesity,
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diabetes and other associated conditions such as heart disease.
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In terms of cosmetics, the applications of nanotechnology and nanomaterials can be found in many products.
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There are two main uses for nanotechnology in cosmetics.
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caused by the sun.
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In addition, nanotechnology has played an important role in delivering active ingredients to the skin.
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The mechanism proves to improve the bioavailability of actives and enhance skin hydration.
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The wide variety of nanotechnology applications leave no doubt that this field will only continue to get more exciting,
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and I look forward to seeing these developments further branch out.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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真實場景：奈米技術講座
想像一下，你正在大學聽一場關於奈米技術的講座，講師用清晰的英語介紹其定義、應用和爭議。這樣的場景不僅能讓你瞭解前沿科技，更是練習英語聽力和口語的好機會。通過觀看這類YouTube影片學英語，你能接觸到學術領域的專業表達，提升聽力理解能力，還能模仿 native speaker 的發音和語調。
實用短語與搭配
- manipulation of matter：物質操控（奈米技術的核心概念，記住這個短語能幫你聽懂科技類講座）
- bioavailability of nutritional ingredients：營養成分的生物利用度（食品科學中的常用表達，在聽力中遇到類似話題能快速反應）
- toxic side effects：毒副作用（醫學領域高頻短語，口語表達時準確又專業）
- shape memory alloys：形狀記憶合金（材料科學術語，拓展詞彙量的好機會）
- international collaborations：國際合作（時政、科技類話題必備搭配）
你的影子跟讀挑戰
現在就開啟影片，找到“在食品加工行業，奈米技術被用於應對缺鐵性貧血”這段內容。跟著講師的節奏，進行英語影子跟讀練習：先聽一遍原句，然後立刻重複，注意模仿發音、語調和停頓。這個方法被稱為“shadow speak”，能有效提高英語發音和口語流暢度。每天堅持10分鐘，你會發現自己的聽力和口語進步神速。別害怕出錯，勇敢開口，你離流利英語更近一步啦！
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has created · has been introduced · has benefited |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | has been introduced · is leveraged · is made |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | nanoscale, which is · furniture, which is |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。