跟讀練習: Never Do These 4 Things On Your Work Computer (Lawyer's Warning) - 通過影片學習英語口語
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If you've ever signed into iMessage on your work laptop, your employer can read every text you send.
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I'm an employment lawyer and I've watched workers hand their employer the evidence to fire them
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and the evidence to beat their lawsuit all from a company laptop.
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So here are four things you should never do on your work computer.
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And stick around for the last one because it's something workers do to protect themselves, and in many states it's actually a crime.
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The first thing you should never do on your work computer is sync your personal messaging accounts.
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This happens all the time and most people don't even realize they're doing it.
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You sign into iMessage on your work MacBook.
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You open WhatsApp on your desktop.
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You log into your personal Gmail and click stay signed in.
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It's convenient.
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Your phone buzzes and you can answer right from your work computer.
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But here's what you just did.
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You took your private conversations with your spouse with your friends with your co -workers maybe even your lawyer
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and you copied them onto a machine your employer owns
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and here's the rule you need to remember you generally have
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no right to privacy on a work computer most employers have a policy buried in their handbook
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that says the company can monitor and access anything on their device
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when a policy like that exists courts generally find you had no reasonable expectation of privacy on
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that device and depending on how your company sets up its systems, your company's IT department may be storing those messages.
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Now, if you bring a lawsuit, your employer can ask for your relevant messages during the lawsuit in a phase of the lawsuit called discovery.
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But there's a huge difference.
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When your messages live on your phone, your employer has to request them through the legal process.
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The request has to target relevant information, and your lawyer can object and fight to protect things that are private or privileged,
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like your conversations with your attorney with your spouse or things
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that have nothing to do with the lawsuit
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so a lot of times we get requests for messages
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and we say no we aren't producing those they have nothing to do with this lawsuit
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but when your message sits on their laptop they skip all of
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that they already have the messages they can read everything the relevant
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and the irrelevant the personal
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and the embarrassing before you've even filed a case they can comb through your conversations looking for anything
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that makes you look bad anything that contradicts your story
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or anything they can use as a reason to fire you
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so here's what you need to do instead keep your personal
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accounts completely off your work computer no i message no whatsapp no personal email
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if you've already synced them turn the syncing off immediately going forward and
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if you already think you might have a legal claim talk
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to a lawyer before you start deleting anything off of that computer i will explain why in just a minute.
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The second thing you should never do is treat private Slack or Teams messages like it's actually private.
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And this is true no matter where you view it.
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Your work computer, your personal computer, your phone, whatever.
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Those messages live on your employer's system.
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People think that a direct message with a co -worker stays between the two of them, but it doesn't.
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Private on Slack or Teams means your other co -workers can't see it.
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It does not mean your employer can't see it.
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On business versions of Slack, company administrators can export messages, including direct and private messages.
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In Microsoft Teams, your chats get stored in the company's Microsoft systems, and the company can search them using a built -in tool designed for exactly this purpose.
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And hitting delete on your end does not delete anything from the company's system.
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Company retention settings keep a copy of a message you think you erased, and employers use these messages.
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This isn't a hypothetical.
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I see it in my cases.
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A worker vents to a work friend on Slack, I'm so done with this place, I'm barely even trying anymore.
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Or they crack a joke about their manager.
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Then months later, that worker complains about something protected like discrimination and gets fired.
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And the company's lawyers pull the entire Slack history and put those messages in front of the jury.
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And they say, look, the employee said it herself.
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She wasn't even trying.
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She deserved to be fired.
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So here's what you need to do instead.
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Treat every Slack and Teams message like your employer is reading it, because they will.
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Keep it personal.
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If you need to vent, do it in person off the company systems with someone you trust.
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But there's a flip side too.
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These systems cut both ways.
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If your manager sends you a discriminatory or retaliatory message on Slack or Teams, the company has that message too.
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And it has a legal duty to preserve it once a lawsuit is on the horizon.
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So let the record work for you, not against you.
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Make a note about when you receive the message, that way you can ask them to produce it later if you bring a lawsuit.
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The third thing you should never do is to wipe your work laptop on your way out the door.
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I know this one is counterintuitive, but here's the scenario.
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You're leaving your job and the company asks you to return their laptop.
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And you think, my personal photos are on there, my messages, my browser history, some things I said about my boss.
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So before you hand it over, you do a factory reset.
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It feels like cleaning out your desk.
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But it's not.
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In the legal world, it can look like you intentionally destroyed evidence.
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Here's why.
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Once a person reasonably anticipates a lawsuit, the law requires them to preserve evidence that relates to it.
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Destroying that evidence is called spoliation.
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And when a court finds that someone destroyed evidence in that way, it can punish them.
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For example, the judge can tell the jury it may assume the destroyed evidence would have hurt the person who destroyed it.
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Usually workers use that rule against employers, but when you wipe your laptop, you hand your employer that weapon.
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And it gets much worse if there's other evidence that you were already planning to bring a lawsuit.
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Maybe you'd already talked to a lawyer, maybe you told a co -worker you were going to sue, maybe you'd filed a complaint.
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Now the timing looks terrible, even if you had a completely innocent reason to do it.
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And this actually happened in one of my cases.
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My client did a factory reset before returning her laptop.
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The employer got the computer back, saw that it had been wiped, and claimed my client had destroyed evidence.
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It didn't lose us the case, but it created a huge headache in the litigation.
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Because suddenly the case wasn't about what the employer did, it was about what my client did.
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What was on that computer?
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Why did she delete it?
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What was she hiding?
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And that's the real danger with these things.
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Your case should be about what the employer did, not what you did don't give them something
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that lets them put you on trial instead of them
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so here's what you need to do instead return the laptop
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exactly as is don't delete files don't reset it don't clean it up
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if you're worried about personal stuff on
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that computer that's exactly why rule number one matters keep it off the computer in the first place
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and if you're thinking about bringing a legal claim call an employment lawyer before returning
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that laptop because there are some things you can do.
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And finally, the one I promised you at the start, this is the one people do because they think they're doing a good thing.
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Never secretly record your boss or your co -workers.
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Now, Teams and Zoom tell everyone when you hit record, so that's not secretly recording anything.
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To secretly record, people get creative.
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They run screen recording software in the background, they open a voice memo app during a meeting, they set their phone on their desk next to their laptop.
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And I understand why.
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You know your boss is mistreating you.
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You're afraid nobody will believe you.
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You want proof.
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And many of my clients have done exactly this, thinking they were saving evidence of their employer's wrongdoing.
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But here is the problem.
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In many states, secretly recording a conversation is actually illegal.
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States including California, Washington, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania follow what's called the two -party consent rule.
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That means you need consent from everyone in the conversation before you record it.
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Here in Washington, secretly recording a private conversation is actually a misdemeanor.
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It's a crime.
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And a court generally won't let you use the recording as evidence anyway because it was illegally obtained.
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And even if you are in a state without the two -party consent rule, you're not in the clear.
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Many employers have policies that ban recording at work, so you may have just handed them a reason to fire you.
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And if you're on a video call with someone in another state that has a stricter rule, those rules apply.
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So instead of creating evidence, you've created a brand new legal issue and you've put yourself right in the crosshairs.
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Once again, the case becomes about what you did instead of about what they did.
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And I made a whole video about when it's illegal and when it's legal to secretly record people.
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It's called, Can You Record People Without Their Permission?
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And I'll leave a link to it in the description below.
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But a good rule of thumb is simple.
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Just don't do it at work.
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So here's what you do instead.
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Preserve evidence other ways.
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Keep a journal write down what happened right after it happened, with the dates, the times, who was there, and what they said.
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Send confirming emails.
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For example, thanks for meeting with me today.
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I want to confirm that you told me I wasn't getting the promotion because the team needs someone with more energy.
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Make written complaints that explain everything clearly.
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And keep your journal on paper or on a personal device, not on a work computer.
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A written record is always better anyways.
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It's legal, it's time -stamped, and when you write it right, it tells your story the way you want to tell it.
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So there you have it.
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Those are the four things you should never do on a work computer if you want to protect your legal rights.
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Now, I'm curious, what's the worst thing you've seen someone do on their work computer?
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Let me know in the comments below.
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And if you want to know more about protecting yourself, watch my video, Never Send These Four Texts to Coworkers.
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I break down exactly how your private messages can destroy your legal case before it even starts.
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It's the perfect follow -up to this video.
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And if you found this video helpful, please give it a like and follow my channel.
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I make videos about the laws to protect workers.
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The more we hold employers accountable for the wrongdoing, the more we protect other workers.
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That's all for me this week.
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See you next time.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“Never Do These 4 Things On Your Work Computer”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：message, employer, computer, evidence, worker。 這段影片共有 152 個句子、1924 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 9:37。 說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 200 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 86% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| employer 名詞 | /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ | 僱主, 老闆 |
| worker 名詞 | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | 工人, 工作者 |
| laptop 名詞 | /ˈlæp.tɑp/ | 手提電腦 /手提電腦, 手提計算機 /手提計算機 |
| lawsuit 名詞 | /ˈlɔˌs(j)ut/ | 訴訟 /訴訟, 官司 |
| secretly 副詞 | /ˈsiː.kɹɪt.li/ | 偷偷 |
| delete 動詞 | /dɪˈliːt/ | 刪除 /刪除 |
| consent 動詞 | /kənˈsɛnt/ | 承諾 /承諾, 同意 |
| wipe 動詞 | /waɪp/ | 擦, 擦拭 |
| reset 動詞 | /ɹiːˈsɛt/ | 重置 |
| desk 名詞 | /dɛsk/ | 書桌 /書桌, 寫字檯 /寫字枱 /寫字臺 /寫字臺 |
| confirm 動詞 | /kənˈfɝm/ | 證實 /證實, 確認 /確認 |
| privacy 名詞 | /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/ | 隱私 /隱私 |
| complaint 名詞 | /kəmˈpleɪnt/ | 怨言, 抱怨 |
| spouse 名詞 | /spaʊ̯s/ | 配偶 |
| curious 形容詞 | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | 好奇, 有好奇心 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| break down 動詞 | 壞了 /壞了, 出故障 |
| going forward 副詞 | 放眼未來 /放眼未來 |
| write down 動詞 | 寫下來 /寫下來, 寫下 /寫下 |
值得反覆跟讀的句子
影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：
- Those messages live on your employer's system.
- It does not mean your employer can't see it.
- You're afraid nobody will believe you.
- That's all for me this week.
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | you've ever signed · I've watched · you've even filed |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | be fired · is called · had been wiped |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 38 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, you're, you've。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: thumb /ˈθʌm/, hypothetical /ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: promotion /pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/, discrimination /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/, litigation /ˌlɪtɪˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: discrimination /dɪskɹɪmɪˈneɪʃən/, administrator /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stɹeɪ.tɚ/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, irrelevant /ɪˈɹɛləvənt/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/, privacy /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/, discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/, privilege /ˈpɹɪv.(ɪ.)lɪd͡ʒ/, convenient /kənˈviː.niənt/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: laptop /ˈlæp.tɑp/, lawsuit /ˈlɔˌs(j)ut/, delete /dɪˈliːt/, consent /kənˈsɛnt/, preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: secretly /ˈsiː.kɹɪt.li/, relate /ɹɪˈleɪt/, privilege /ˈpɹɪv.(ɪ.)lɪd͡ʒ/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, irrelevant /ɪˈɹɛləvənt/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 employer, worker, laptop 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。