跟讀練習: Phrasal verb prepositions: DOWN part 05: DOWN means NOT FUNCTIONING - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Hi everybody and welcome back.
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Today we're going to take another look at the preposition down and what it can mean when it's used with phrasal verbs.
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So, in a previous video, we saw that down can mean topple or collapse.
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And we can extend this to get the idea of not functioning or stop functioning.
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And the reason for this is that when something has collapsed or toppled, it's generally no longer functioning.
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So let's take a look at some examples of phrasal verbs that use down in this way.
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How do you think we could describe this using a phrasal verb with down in
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which down means not functioning or stop functioning.
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Here a car's engine breaks and stops functioning.
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So we can say, the car breaks down.
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Brakes means brake, and down means stop functioning.
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So the sentence just means, the car breaks and stops functioning.
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Okay, let's try another one.
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How do you think we could describe this using a phrasal verb with down?
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Here, a computer system suddenly stops working.
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So we can say, the computer system goes down.
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Goes means become, and down means not functioning.
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So the sentence can be understood as simply, the computer system becomes non-functioning.
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Alright, let's try one more.
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How do you think we could describe this?
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Here, a store closes and stops functioning.
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So we can say, the store closes down.
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Closes means close, and down means stop functioning.
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So the sentence can be understood as simply, the store closes and stops functioning, which English speakers understand as meaning,
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the store closes permanently, or the store closes forever.
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So I hope this helped you understand the preposition down a little bit better, and why it can sometimes mean not functioning.
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And we'll see you next time.
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Cheers.
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Thank you.
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你能學到什麼？
這節影片能幫你掌握3個實用口語技能：1. 用含“down”的短語動詞準確描述“裝置/事物停止運轉”；2. 區分“break down”“go down”“close down”的具體用法；3. 理解介詞“down”在短語動詞中表示“無法正常工作”的引申義。這些表達在日常對話和雅思口語練習中都很常用，比如描述汽車拋錨、電腦宕機或店鋪倒閉時，用上它們能讓你的表達更地道。
注意這些發音現象
影片裡的對話有不少連讀和弱讀需要留意。比如“breaks down”中，“breaks”的尾音/s/和“down”的開頭音/d/會輕微連讀，聽起來像“breiks doun”；“goes down”裡的“goes”弱讀為/gəʊz/，而非強調的/gəʊz/；“closes down”中“closes”的尾音/z/和“down”連讀，形成流暢的“cləʊz doun”。這些發音細節能讓你的口語更接近母語者，對提高英語發音很有幫助。
像母語者一樣說英語
想要模仿影片中說話者的節奏和重音，不妨試試影子跟讀（shadow speech）。播放影片時，延遲1-2秒重複說話內容，重點關注以下幾點：1. 重音位置：“break DOWN”“go DOWN”“close DOWN”中，“down”要輕讀，重音在前面的動詞上；2. 節奏：每個短語動詞的發音要緊湊，避免拖長音；3. 語調：描述故障或停止時，語調微微下降，體現出“結束”的感覺。堅持練習，你會發現自己的口語流暢度和自然度都有明顯提升，這對雅思口語練習也大有裨益。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | can be understood |
| 動詞 + -ing enjoy、keep、stop… + -ing — 後接 -ing 形式的動詞 | stop functioning · stops functioning · stops working |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。