跟读练习: 10. Create and Manage Calendars in Primavera P6 - 通过视频学习英语口语
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calendars are very important because it helps identify the working days
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and working hours which will reflect on the schedule dates schedule nature
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so for example for this activity compaction I have a planned start date 9th of August
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and it will take 7 days to complete so
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if you sum this together like seven days after 9th of august it will give you 16th
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but the finish here is 17th of august the reason is
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there is maybe one non-working day like one day weekend
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or something like that so
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if you apply this to the whole schedule it will affect
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the outcome of the schedule the total float the planned finish date the the whole behavior of the network
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to create or manage calendars you go to enterprise calendars
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and you have here the global
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and they are pre-identified calendars i maybe i used to work on projects
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which have some of these calendars some of these calendars also will be added by default into promovera p6
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and some of them i have used before
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so this is will fall under global for the resources calendar I can create calendars for the resources only.
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For example, the Carpenters, I outsource them.
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They will work only two or three days per week.
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So I have calendar only for the resource of carpenters
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but they are not commonly used because otherwise it will interfere with other schedule logic
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and duration so no one actually does it so
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if I want to add a new calendar into my project
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so I have to create calendars here in the project then I go back to the activities
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and choose which active which calendar applies here
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and assign it i click add and i want to choose one from the global
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so let's take the current contractor's calendar okay so this is for my project project a contractor
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let's say if we can modify it
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so i have here for the i have here total work the hour total work hours per day
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and detailed work hours per day for the total work hours per day
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so i have here friday off it is my weekend so
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if you go to in friday you will find work hours
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day is zero for other activities i specified eight days working hours
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so if you want to make it 10 days in your project for example you cannot go over each activity
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or each day and make it 10 days you go here for the work week
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and make 10 days for each activity so let's say i will have it 10 days
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and for time periods you also make it 10 days and
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if you are working 60 days per week and one day only weekend
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so it means it is 60 days also the same hours per month so it depends on your project
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you know so you can have the math for for the month
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and the year as well let's say
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that for maybe special occasion i am working half day only on this wednesday
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so i can assign only five working hours per day okay
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so this is for the total work hours per day overall
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but let's go over day by day so if we go detailed
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and also by the way so for total hour per day
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if if i wanna have this maybe public holiday for example on 17th
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so i i double click on it
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or i another option is i click on it
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and make it um none work so for detailed work hours per day so for each day
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you can specify for example how many hours so the white here are the work working hours
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the white cells and let's say
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that i wanna this is seven this is five o'clock
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so this is four o'clock 4 30 it divides here into half an hour
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so this is 16 hour 16 which is 4 p.m
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so this is 4 p.m 4 30 5 5 30 so let's say i i work also 5 to 5 30
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and 5 30 to 6 o'clock so i wanna work this as well
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if you wanna choose maybe there is one hour break for example
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so you double click from one to two o'clock for example
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so this is how this is a of calendars
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so this is something high level so after all these exchanges
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and especially the holidays
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when you assign the calendar back to the activity it will affect the duration here
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and the start and finish because the original duration it's a seven
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so by default it's a seven working days
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so what Pramavera does is we will take into account the seven days after
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that they will go check the activity calendar here
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and they will calculate seven working days so for example
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if it starts 14th so they will make the start date 14th
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and calculate and or count seven days afterwards
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so one two three they will skip that four five skip friday six seven
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so it will be completed on 22nd of august
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so that's why promovera calendar is very important
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and they have you have to manage it correctly so in the next lecture we will assign the calendar into activity
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 C1 级别的口语课以视频“10. Create and Manage Calendars in Primavera P6”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：calendar, hour, seven, example, project。 这段视频共有 73 个句子、862 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 5:56。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 145 个词，很适合跟读。 87% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| calendar 名词 | /ˈkæl.ən.də/ | 日曆 /日历, 曆 /历 |
| assign 动词 | /əˈsaɪn/ | 分配, 分派 |
| resource 名词 | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | 資源 /资源 |
| duration 名词 | /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 時間 /时间, 長短 /长短 |
| default 名词 | /dɪˈfɔlt/ | 違約 /违约, 暴雷 |
| skip 动词 | /skɪp/ | 跳 |
| calculate 动词 | /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ | 計算 /计算, 算 |
| carpenter 名词 | /ˈkɑɹpəntɚ/ | 木匠 |
| afterwards 副词 | /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ | 然後 /然后 |
| reflect 动词 | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | 反映, 反射 |
| commonly 副词 | /ˈkɑmənli/ | 通常 |
| enterprise 名词 | /ˈɛntəˌpɹaɪz/ | 企業 /企业 |
| occasion 名词 | /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/ | 場合 /场合, 機會 /机会 |
| depend 动词 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信赖 |
| mathematics 名词 | /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/ | 數學 /数学, 算學 /算学 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 条件句 if + 从句，will/would + 动词 — 条件及其结果 | if it starts 14th so they will make |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | will be added · will be completed |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 4 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 wanna。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: duration /dʒʊˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, occasion /əˈkeɪ̯ʒən/, compaction /kəmˈpækʃən/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/, default /dɪˈfɔlt/, skip /skɪp/, calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/, afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/
- /æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: calendar /ˈkæl.ən.də/, calculate /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/, afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, contractor /ˈkɒnˌtɹæk.tə(ɹ)/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 calendar, assign, resource 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。