跟读练习: How Foreign Aid Keeps Africa Poor | 5-Minute Videos | PragerU - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Foreign aid is not the solution to poverty in Africa.
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It's one of the reasons why Africa is poor.
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Yes, you heard that right.
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For years, we've been sold the idea that aid from organizations like USAID helps lift Africa out of its poverty.
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But here's the truth.
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If foreign aid worked, Africa would be the richest continent on Earth by now.
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Free market advocate and former U .S.
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Congressman Ron Paul described it perfectly.
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Foreign aid is taking money from the poor people of a rich country
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and giving it to the rich people of a poor country.
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Walk through the streets of Dakar, Senegal, where I'm from, and you'll see exactly where your aid money goes.
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The city is filled with foreign residents working for the UN, non -governmental organizations, NGOs, and embassies.
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They live in a parallel economy, one that most Senegalese can only observe from the outside.
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These aid workers enjoy lives of luxury, fine dining at expensive restaurants, driving new SUVs, occupying the best apartments in town,
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employing multiple household staff and hosting lavish parties.
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And by the way, they receive hardship pay for the sacrifice of living in faraway places filled with malaria, tropical diseases and tough climates.
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This creates a devastating ripple effect throughout our local economy.
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These organizations, flush with seemingly unlimited cash, inflate the cost of everything, from housing to basic services.
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A local business owner like me has to compete with these inflated prices while running a real business with real constraints.
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But the damage goes deeper than just raising the cost of living.
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These organizations also poach our best and brightest talents with salaries that no local business can match.
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Instead of building new enterprises, innovating solutions or creating economic value,
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our most capable people are diverted into bureaucratic jobs pushing papers and writing reports nobody will ever read.
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I've seen brilliant minds reduced to professional workshop attendees, moving from one donor -funded meeting to another, producing nothing of lasting value.
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When I travel across Africa, I don't see sustainable prosperity created by aid programs.
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Instead, I see the destruction of local markets and the creation of dependency cycles.
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Consider what happens in our villages.
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When free mosquito nets arrive, local merchants who sell them go bankrupt.
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The same thing happens with shoes.
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Donated shoes flood local markets, making it impossible for local shoe manufacturers to compete.
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And the desperately needed food aid?
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Much of that gets hijacked by corrupt government officials and sold at below market prices.
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African farmers can't compete against this free food.
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So they stop farming and move into the already crowded cities.
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Local food producing ecosystems are destroyed, which only worsens the hunger problem.
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These are the real costs of humanitarian aid.
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To be clear, I'm not speaking about aid in response to an emergency like a natural disaster.
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But these disasters are rare.
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Development aid is an ever -flowing river of money and goods, and it's destroying a continent.
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Like all government -sponsored efforts, this is as true within the U .S and Europe as it is in Africa.
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There is no accountability for the money spent.
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The budgets of these aid organizations make no sense in any real -world context.
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They measure success by money spent and goods distributed, not by actual economic development or the creation of profitable businesses.
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Even more frustrating is how this system creates a culture of dependency that diminishes Africans' dignity.
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The narrative becomes one of Africa needing constant help rather than Africa needing fair opportunities to compete and grow.
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When you think of Africa, what comes to your mind?
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Dynamic entrepreneurs or stabbing children?
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I thought so.
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I recently approached the head of a San Francisco venture fund
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looking for investment in a business I wanted to start in Africa.
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He didn't want to give me capital.
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He wanted to give me charity.
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Can we dig wells?
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He asked.
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They need fresh water, right?
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That's what got him excited.
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Condescension cloaked in do -goodism.
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That's the typical Western attitude toward Africa foreign aid indeed creates jobs
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and careers just not for the people it's supposed to help every successful economy in history has developed through entrepreneurship
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and trade not through handouts no matter how well intentioned the
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sooner we stop treating foreign aid as a sacred cow the
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sooner we can start focusing on what actually works economic freedom and policies that empower people to build their own futures.
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The first step towards the prosperous Africa is to eliminate what's poisoning it.
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This toxic aid that has created a parallel economy most Africans are locked out of
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and diverted our resources away from productive activities.
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Only then can we build the Africa we know is possible, where ambition is rewarded, dignity is preserved,
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and prosperity is created for our own efforts rather than the misguided kindness of strangers.
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Africa doesn't need more foreign aid.
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It needs more freedom.
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I'm Magat Wade, author of The Heart of a Cheetah,
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how we've been lied to about African poverty and what that means for human flourishing for Prager University.
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Thank you for watching this video.
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To keep PragerU videos free, please consider making a tax -deductible donation.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“How Foreign Aid Keeps Africa Poor”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：aid, Africa, foreign, organizations, compete。 这段视频共有 73 个句子、868 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 5:37。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 155 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 78% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| divert 动词 | /daɪˈvɝt/ | 轉移 /转移 |
| inflate 动词 | /ɪnˈfleɪt/ | 膨脹 /膨胀 |
| prosperity 名词 | /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/ | 繁榮 /繁荣 |
| dignity 名词 | /ˈdɪɡnɪti/ | 尊嚴 /尊严 |
| continent 名词 | /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ | 大陸 /大陆 |
| attendee 名词 | 出席者 | |
| bureaucratic 形容词 | /ˌbjʊəɹəˈkɹætɪk/ | 官僚 |
| constraint 名词 | /kənˈstɹeɪnt/ | 約束 /约束 |
| devastate 动词 | /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/ | 摧毀 /摧毁, 破壞 /破坏 |
| frustrate 动词 | /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/ | 令人失望, 挫折 |
| hijack 动词 | /ˈhaɪ.d͡ʒæk/ | 劫持, 攔路搶劫 /拦路抢劫 |
| innovate 动词 | /ˈɪn.ə.veɪt/ | 創新 /创新 |
| ripple 名词 | /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ | 波, 波纹 |
| worsen 动词 | /ˈwɝsn̩/ | 使……惡化 /使……恶化, 使……變壞 /使……变坏 |
| empower 动词 | /ɪmˈpaʊ.ə/ | 授權 /授权 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | we've been sold · is filled · are diverted |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | we've been sold · I've seen · has developed |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 11 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, we've, can't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/, lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, hardship /ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/, entrepreneurship /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ.ʃɪp/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: dependency /dɪˈpɛndənsi/, prosperity /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/, bureaucratic /ˌbjʊəɹəˈkɹætɪk/, deductible [dɪˈdʌktəbəɫ], entrepreneurship /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ.ʃɪp/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: divert /daɪˈvɝt/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/, innovate /ˈɪn.ə.veɪt/, lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: divert /daɪˈvɝt/, inflate /ɪnˈfleɪt/, continent /ˈkɑntɪnənt/, bureaucratic /ˌbjʊəɹəˈkɹætɪk/, constraint /kənˈstɹeɪnt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: ripple /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, malaria /məˈlɛəɹi.ə/, desperately /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/, profitable /ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.tə.bl̩/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 divert, inflate, prosperity 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。