跟讀練習: How Foreign Aid Keeps Africa Poor | 5-Minute Videos | PragerU - 通過影片學習英語口語
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73 句
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Foreign aid is not the solution to poverty in Africa.
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It's one of the reasons why Africa is poor.
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Yes, you heard that right.
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For years, we've been sold the idea that aid from organizations like USAID helps lift Africa out of its poverty.
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But here's the truth.
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If foreign aid worked, Africa would be the richest continent on Earth by now.
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Free market advocate and former U .S.
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Congressman Ron Paul described it perfectly.
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Foreign aid is taking money from the poor people of a rich country
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and giving it to the rich people of a poor country.
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Walk through the streets of Dakar, Senegal, where I'm from, and you'll see exactly where your aid money goes.
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The city is filled with foreign residents working for the UN, non -governmental organizations, NGOs, and embassies.
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They live in a parallel economy, one that most Senegalese can only observe from the outside.
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These aid workers enjoy lives of luxury, fine dining at expensive restaurants, driving new SUVs, occupying the best apartments in town,
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employing multiple household staff and hosting lavish parties.
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And by the way, they receive hardship pay for the sacrifice of living in faraway places filled with malaria, tropical diseases and tough climates.
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This creates a devastating ripple effect throughout our local economy.
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These organizations, flush with seemingly unlimited cash, inflate the cost of everything, from housing to basic services.
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A local business owner like me has to compete with these inflated prices while running a real business with real constraints.
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But the damage goes deeper than just raising the cost of living.
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These organizations also poach our best and brightest talents with salaries that no local business can match.
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Instead of building new enterprises, innovating solutions or creating economic value,
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our most capable people are diverted into bureaucratic jobs pushing papers and writing reports nobody will ever read.
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I've seen brilliant minds reduced to professional workshop attendees, moving from one donor -funded meeting to another, producing nothing of lasting value.
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When I travel across Africa, I don't see sustainable prosperity created by aid programs.
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Instead, I see the destruction of local markets and the creation of dependency cycles.
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Consider what happens in our villages.
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When free mosquito nets arrive, local merchants who sell them go bankrupt.
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The same thing happens with shoes.
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Donated shoes flood local markets, making it impossible for local shoe manufacturers to compete.
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And the desperately needed food aid?
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Much of that gets hijacked by corrupt government officials and sold at below market prices.
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African farmers can't compete against this free food.
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So they stop farming and move into the already crowded cities.
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Local food producing ecosystems are destroyed, which only worsens the hunger problem.
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These are the real costs of humanitarian aid.
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To be clear, I'm not speaking about aid in response to an emergency like a natural disaster.
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But these disasters are rare.
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Development aid is an ever -flowing river of money and goods, and it's destroying a continent.
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Like all government -sponsored efforts, this is as true within the U .S and Europe as it is in Africa.
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There is no accountability for the money spent.
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The budgets of these aid organizations make no sense in any real -world context.
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They measure success by money spent and goods distributed, not by actual economic development or the creation of profitable businesses.
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Even more frustrating is how this system creates a culture of dependency that diminishes Africans' dignity.
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The narrative becomes one of Africa needing constant help rather than Africa needing fair opportunities to compete and grow.
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When you think of Africa, what comes to your mind?
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Dynamic entrepreneurs or stabbing children?
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I thought so.
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I recently approached the head of a San Francisco venture fund
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looking for investment in a business I wanted to start in Africa.
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He didn't want to give me capital.
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He wanted to give me charity.
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Can we dig wells?
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He asked.
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They need fresh water, right?
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That's what got him excited.
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Condescension cloaked in do -goodism.
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That's the typical Western attitude toward Africa foreign aid indeed creates jobs
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and careers just not for the people it's supposed to help every successful economy in history has developed through entrepreneurship
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and trade not through handouts no matter how well intentioned the
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sooner we stop treating foreign aid as a sacred cow the
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sooner we can start focusing on what actually works economic freedom and policies that empower people to build their own futures.
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The first step towards the prosperous Africa is to eliminate what's poisoning it.
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This toxic aid that has created a parallel economy most Africans are locked out of
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and diverted our resources away from productive activities.
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Only then can we build the Africa we know is possible, where ambition is rewarded, dignity is preserved,
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and prosperity is created for our own efforts rather than the misguided kindness of strangers.
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Africa doesn't need more foreign aid.
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It needs more freedom.
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I'm Magat Wade, author of The Heart of a Cheetah,
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how we've been lied to about African poverty and what that means for human flourishing for Prager University.
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Thank you for watching this video.
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To keep PragerU videos free, please consider making a tax -deductible donation.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“How Foreign Aid Keeps Africa Poor”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：aid, Africa, foreign, organizations, compete。 這段影片共有 73 個句子、868 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 5:37。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 155 個詞，接近日常對話。 只有 78% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| divert 動詞 | /daɪˈvɝt/ | 轉移 /轉移 |
| inflate 動詞 | /ɪnˈfleɪt/ | 膨脹 /膨脹 |
| prosperity 名詞 | /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/ | 繁榮 /繁榮 |
| dignity 名詞 | /ˈdɪɡnɪti/ | 尊嚴 /尊嚴 |
| continent 名詞 | /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ | 大陸 /大陸 |
| attendee 名詞 | 出席者 | |
| bureaucratic 形容詞 | /ˌbjʊəɹəˈkɹætɪk/ | 官僚 |
| constraint 名詞 | /kənˈstɹeɪnt/ | 約束 /約束 |
| devastate 動詞 | /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/ | 摧毀 /摧毀, 破壞 /破壞 |
| frustrate 動詞 | /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/ | 令人失望, 挫折 |
| hijack 動詞 | /ˈhaɪ.d͡ʒæk/ | 劫持, 攔路搶劫 /攔路搶劫 |
| innovate 動詞 | /ˈɪn.ə.veɪt/ | 創新 /創新 |
| ripple 名詞 | /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/ | 波, 波紋 |
| worsen 動詞 | /ˈwɝsn̩/ | 使……惡化 /使……惡化, 使……變壞 /使……變壞 |
| empower 動詞 | /ɪmˈpaʊ.ə/ | 授權 /授權 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | we've been sold · is filled · are diverted |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | we've been sold · I've seen · has developed |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 11 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 I'm, we've, can't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/, lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, hardship /ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/, entrepreneurship /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ.ʃɪp/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: dependency /dɪˈpɛndənsi/, prosperity /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/, bureaucratic /ˌbjʊəɹəˈkɹætɪk/, deductible [dɪˈdʌktəbəɫ], entrepreneurship /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ.ʃɪp/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: divert /daɪˈvɝt/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/, innovate /ˈɪn.ə.veɪt/, lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: divert /daɪˈvɝt/, inflate /ɪnˈfleɪt/, continent /ˈkɑntɪnənt/, bureaucratic /ˌbjʊəɹəˈkɹætɪk/, constraint /kənˈstɹeɪnt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: ripple /ˈɹɪp(ə)l/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, malaria /məˈlɛəɹi.ə/, desperately /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/, profitable /ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.tə.bl̩/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 divert, inflate, prosperity 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。