Pratique du Shadowing: How Foreign Aid Keeps Africa Poor | 5-Minute Videos | PragerU - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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Foreign aid is not the solution to poverty in Africa.
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It's one of the reasons why Africa is poor.
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Yes, you heard that right.
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For years, we've been sold the idea that aid from organizations like USAID helps lift Africa out of its poverty.
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But here's the truth.
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If foreign aid worked, Africa would be the richest continent on Earth by now.
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Free market advocate and former U .S.
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Congressman Ron Paul described it perfectly.
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Foreign aid is taking money from the poor people of a rich country
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and giving it to the rich people of a poor country.
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Walk through the streets of Dakar, Senegal, where I'm from, and you'll see exactly where your aid money goes.
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The city is filled with foreign residents working for the UN, non -governmental organizations, NGOs, and embassies.
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They live in a parallel economy, one that most Senegalese can only observe from the outside.
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These aid workers enjoy lives of luxury, fine dining at expensive restaurants, driving new SUVs, occupying the best apartments in town,
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employing multiple household staff and hosting lavish parties.
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And by the way, they receive hardship pay for the sacrifice of living in faraway places filled with malaria, tropical diseases and tough climates.
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This creates a devastating ripple effect throughout our local economy.
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These organizations, flush with seemingly unlimited cash, inflate the cost of everything, from housing to basic services.
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A local business owner like me has to compete with these inflated prices while running a real business with real constraints.
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But the damage goes deeper than just raising the cost of living.
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These organizations also poach our best and brightest talents with salaries that no local business can match.
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Instead of building new enterprises, innovating solutions or creating economic value,
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our most capable people are diverted into bureaucratic jobs pushing papers and writing reports nobody will ever read.
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I've seen brilliant minds reduced to professional workshop attendees, moving from one donor -funded meeting to another, producing nothing of lasting value.
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When I travel across Africa, I don't see sustainable prosperity created by aid programs.
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Instead, I see the destruction of local markets and the creation of dependency cycles.
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Consider what happens in our villages.
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When free mosquito nets arrive, local merchants who sell them go bankrupt.
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The same thing happens with shoes.
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Donated shoes flood local markets, making it impossible for local shoe manufacturers to compete.
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And the desperately needed food aid?
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Much of that gets hijacked by corrupt government officials and sold at below market prices.
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African farmers can't compete against this free food.
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So they stop farming and move into the already crowded cities.
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Local food producing ecosystems are destroyed, which only worsens the hunger problem.
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These are the real costs of humanitarian aid.
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To be clear, I'm not speaking about aid in response to an emergency like a natural disaster.
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But these disasters are rare.
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Development aid is an ever -flowing river of money and goods, and it's destroying a continent.
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Like all government -sponsored efforts, this is as true within the U .S and Europe as it is in Africa.
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There is no accountability for the money spent.
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The budgets of these aid organizations make no sense in any real -world context.
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They measure success by money spent and goods distributed, not by actual economic development or the creation of profitable businesses.
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Even more frustrating is how this system creates a culture of dependency that diminishes Africans' dignity.
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The narrative becomes one of Africa needing constant help rather than Africa needing fair opportunities to compete and grow.
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When you think of Africa, what comes to your mind?
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Dynamic entrepreneurs or stabbing children?
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I thought so.
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I recently approached the head of a San Francisco venture fund
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looking for investment in a business I wanted to start in Africa.
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He didn't want to give me capital.
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He wanted to give me charity.
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Can we dig wells?
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He asked.
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They need fresh water, right?
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That's what got him excited.
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Condescension cloaked in do -goodism.
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That's the typical Western attitude toward Africa foreign aid indeed creates jobs
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and careers just not for the people it's supposed to help every successful economy in history has developed through entrepreneurship
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and trade not through handouts no matter how well intentioned the
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sooner we stop treating foreign aid as a sacred cow the
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sooner we can start focusing on what actually works economic freedom and policies that empower people to build their own futures.
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The first step towards the prosperous Africa is to eliminate what's poisoning it.
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This toxic aid that has created a parallel economy most Africans are locked out of
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and diverted our resources away from productive activities.
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Only then can we build the Africa we know is possible, where ambition is rewarded, dignity is preserved,
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and prosperity is created for our own efforts rather than the misguided kindness of strangers.
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Africa doesn't need more foreign aid.
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It needs more freedom.
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I'm Magat Wade, author of The Heart of a Cheetah,
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how we've been lied to about African poverty and what that means for human flourishing for Prager University.
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Thank you for watching this video.
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To keep PragerU videos free, please consider making a tax -deductible donation.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How Foreign Aid Keeps Africa Poor ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : aid, Africa, foreign, organizations, compete. Cette vidéo contient 73 phrases et 868 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:37. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 155 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 78 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| divert verbe | /daɪˈvɝt/ | divertir |
| inflate verbe | /ɪnˈfleɪt/ | gonfler, se gonfler |
| prosperity nom | /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/ | prospérité |
| dignity nom | /ˈdɪɡnɪti/ | dignité |
| continent nom | /ˈkɑntɪnənt/ | continent |
| attendee nom | participant | |
| constraint nom | /kənˈstɹeɪnt/ | contrainte |
| deductible adjectif | [dɪˈdʌktəbəɫ] | déductible |
| devastate verbe | /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/ | dévaster |
| diminish verbe | /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/ | réduire |
| frustrate verbe | /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/ | frustrer |
| handout nom | /ˈhændˌaʊt/ | polycopié |
| hijack verbe | /ˈhaɪ.d͡ʒæk/ | détourner |
| innovate verbe | /ˈɪn.ə.veɪt/ | innover |
| lavish adjectif | /ˈlævɪʃ/ | somptueux, prodigue |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | we've been sold · is filled · are diverted |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | we've been sold · I've seen · has developed |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 11 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, we've, can't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/, lavish /ˈlævɪʃ/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, hardship /ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/, entrepreneurship /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ.ʃɪp/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: dependency /dɪˈpɛndənsi/, prosperity /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/, bureaucratic /ˌbjʊəɹəˈkɹætɪk/, deductible [dɪˈdʌktəbəɫ], entrepreneurship /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ.ʃɪp/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: handout /ˈhændˌaʊt/, hijack /ˈhaɪ.d͡ʒæk/, hardship /ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/, humanitarian /hjuˌmæ.nəˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, hunger /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: hijack /ˈhaɪ.d͡ʒæk/, merchant /ˈmɝt͡ʃənt/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: prosperity /pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/, bureaucratic /ˌbjʊəɹəˈkɹætɪk/, constraint /kənˈstɹeɪnt/, faraway /ˈfɑɹəweɪ/, frustrate /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme divert, inflate, prosperity.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.