跟读练习: How much nitrogen are we losing?- Graeme Schwenke - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Hi it's Graham Schwenke here from New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and today I'm just giving a little talk about some recent work that
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Hi it's Graham Schwenke here from New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and today I'm just giving a little talk about some recent work that
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we've been doing on total Nitrogen losses in cropping systems of northern New South Wales and similar works been going on in Southern Queensland as well
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and we've been focused the last three years on dryland sorghum crops. So what we've been looking at is using isotype labelled fertilizer so the isotope
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is 15N nitrogen and the reason we've been using that is a means of tracing the fate of that fertilizer that we put on usually at sewing with the crop and
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we want to see where that fertilizer ends up by the end of the season; how much goes into the grain, how much goes into the leaves of the crop and
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and also how much is remaining the soil and then by difference knowing how much we put in at the start, we can calculate the amount of total nitrogen loss. So
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we've done this in six experiments at Tamworth and near Quirindi and on the Liverpool Plains at Breeza and there's been another I think 11 experiments done
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in southern Queensland as well near Toowoomba and Kingaroy predominantly and all using the same techniques of using this isotope labelled fertilizer put in at the
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start now we've put in different rates of fertilizer, we've put it in with in conjunction with nitrification inhibitors and we also looked at the timing of the fertilizer going in and I guess something to take home from across
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all of these experiments is that we've had quite surprisingly high total nitrogen losses over the season so perhaps on average around about
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twenty-five to thirty percent of the nitrogen that we put on at the start of the season hasn't been either in the plant or in the soil at the end of the season. So we believe that most of that has been lost through
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the process of denitrification that occurs in soil where there's a low-oxygen environment there is labile carbon and there's excess nitrogen available
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for the microbes to denitrify and turn that nitrate nitrogen into first nitrous oxide which is a global warming greenhouse gas and then through to dinitrogen
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or N2 which eighty percent of the atmosphere is made up of so so there's both environmental and agronomic consequences
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of these losses and as I said we've been looking at some different ways of trying to minimize particularly the losses of the nitrous oxide but also ways of
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preventing that overall loss of the of the dinitrogen thanks.
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本课概述
在本课中，学习者将通过观看Graeme Schwenke的演讲，了解关于氮损失和农业管理的英语表达。我们将聚焦于如何使用特定的术语和短语来讨论农业中的环境问题，尤其是与氮肥使用相关的内容。通过跟随该视频的音频，学习者可以提高自己的口语能力和理解力。运用看YouTube学英语的方式，这种练习将使学习者更好地吸收学术性英语。这个过程将帮助你在日常对话或者专业交流中更加自信。
关键词汇与短语
- 氮 (Nitrogen) - 一个关键的植物营养成分。
- 损失 (Losses) - 指氮在农业实践中流失的现象。
- 土壤 (Soil) - 植物生长的基础。
- 微生物 (Microbes) - 参与土壤氮转化和循环的生物。
- 去氮化 (Denitrification) - 土壤中氮转化为气体的过程。
- 绿色温室气体 (Greenhouse gas) - 与全球变暖相关的气体，如一氧化二氮。
- 施肥 (Fertilizer application) - 向土壤添加肥料的过程。
练习技巧
在观看视频时，学习者可以运用shadowspeak与英语影子跟读的方法，通过模仿视频中的演讲者来提高自己的发音和语调。视频的节奏适中，建议在每一个句子结束后暂停，跟读一遍。尝试尽量模仿演讲者的语气和强调，这可以帮助你更加自然地掌握专业词汇的用法。此外，重播视频某些片段，特别是关键概念部分，进行多次练习，可以帮助巩固记忆。不要害怕多次练习，因为这是一种有效的方式来提升你的英语听说能力。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。