跟读练习: How to Create a Character with Samuel L. Jackson | Discover MasterClass | MasterClass - 通过视频学习英语口语
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If there's source material, read it, especially if it's a book.
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Read a book, because writers tend to give you vital info about who the character is, where he came from, what he does.
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Sometimes they even try and explain why he's doing it, why he's doing a particular thing.
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And after you've done that, reread the story again to get the story in your mind.
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And after you've read that, figure out how you feel about that character, and why he's doing those things that he's doing inside that script.
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And once you think you know why that character is doing those things, then you figure out OK, where'd he come from?
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Who is he? How old is he?
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Does he feel that way about this character because he has a brother or sister that is that way?
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Who are his parents?
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What's his educational background?
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Does he have a military background?
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Did he go into the army?
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Has he ever been in jail?
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Is he out of jail?
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How educated is he?
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Is he smart, sort of smart, very smart?
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It's not there.
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And sometimes, you will never have to explain that to an audience, or to the other cast members.
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But it's important to you as a person, because all those kinds of things determine how you feel about people, how you look at them, how you interpret their actions, what your prejudices are toward those people in a particular way.
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Are they smarter than me?
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Do I like that?
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Do I not like that?
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Is he dumber than me?
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Am I going to manipulate him because of it?
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And it's stuff that an audience might-- or they probably won't, ever know.
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But for you as the actor, when you're interacting with that character that you think you're smarter than, it interprets how you approach that character, and how you accept what they say to you, or what you think of it, or what you're trying to do.
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And all those things are dictated by what kind of person I am.
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And if there's no source material to tell me what kind of person I am, then it's incumbent upon me to create a human being that's inside that story, that has a full life, that feels a certain way about things, because this happened to him, that happened to him, this didn't happen to him.
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He didn't have this advantage growing up, or he had this advantage.
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Or he had a woman who left him, so he can't relate to women, because he thinks women are all whatever, and he just cannot deal with them, or he doesn't understand the female psyche.
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Or his mom did something to him, so he can't handle family life.
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And he doesn't know how to be a father, because he didn't have a father, or the father he had, had no idea how to treat him, or he watched him treat his mother a certain way, or didn't do this.
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All kinds of things that you can make up about that person, but what you need is a whole person.
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Which is something Lloyd Richards imposed upon me, Douglas Turner Ward imposed upon me, that says whenever you're on stage, you're coming from somewhere, and you're going somewhere when you leave.
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And do you want people to go with you when you go?
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So when you show up in there, you-- boom, you hit that moment.
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And when you leave, everybody is like, "Well, I wanna go with him.
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Where is he going?
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That was, uh, he looks like he has something on his mind." And then I had another actor tell me once, he's like, "Look, every time a camera passes you when you're on set, always look like there's something on your mind.
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Don't be standing there waiting on your line." You know, thinking about something, either what that character just said, or how you feel about the thing that character said.
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Or even if you thinking about "I need to get out of here.
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I'm sick of being here," people need to see that on your face, not just-- unless you're playing an idiot.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 42 个句子、697 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:12。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 166 个词，接近日常对话。 92% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 8 个不太常见的单词，附发音和释义：
- vital /ˈvaɪtəl/ (形容词) — 生命的. Relating to or characteristic of life.
- script /skɹɪpt/ (名词) — 文章. A writing; a written document.
- psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ (名词) — 心理學 /心理学. The study of the human mind.
- interact /ɪn.təˈɹækt/ (动词) — 互動 /互动. To engage in communication and other shared activities (with someone).
- prejudice /ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/ (名词) — 成見 /成见, 偏見 /偏见. An adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge of the facts.
- manipulate /məˈnɪp.jʊ.leɪt/ (动词) — 操纵. To move, arrange or operate something using the hands
- dictate /ˈdɪkˌteɪt/ (动词) — 命令, 規定 /规定. To order, command, control.
- reread /ɹiːˈɹiːd/ (动词) — 重讀 /重读. To read again.
视频中出现的短语动词
- come from (动词) — 來自 /来自. To have as one's origin, birthplace or nationality.
- figure out (动词) — 弄清楚. To come to understand; to discover or find a solution; to deduce.
- grow up (动词) — 長大 /长大. To mature and become an adult.
- look at (动词) — 觀察 /观察, 看. To observe or watch.
- wait on /ˈweɪt ˌɑn/ (动词) — 侍候, 服侍. To provide a service to (someone); to act as a servant to (someone); to serve (someone) as a waiter or waitress in a restaurant.
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 23 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you're, didn't, can't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- 长单词——注意重音位置: psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, manipulate /məˈnɪp.jʊ.leɪt/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 vital, script, psychology 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。