跟读练习: Steve Jobs on Failure - 通过视频学习英语口语
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I've actually always found something to be very true,
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which is most people don't get those experiences because they never ask.
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I've never found anybody that didn't want to help me if I asked them for help.
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I always call them up.
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I called up, this will date me, but I called up Bill Hewlett when I was 12 years old and he lived in Palo Alto.
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His number was still in the phone book.
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And he answered the phone himself.
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He said, yes?
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He said, hi, I'm Steve Jobs.
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I'm 12 years old.
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I'm a student in high school, and I want to build a frequency counter.
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And I was wondering if you had any spare parts I could have.
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And he laughed, and he gave me the spare parts to build his frequency counter, and he gave me a job that summer in Hewlett-Packard working on the assembly line,
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putting nuts and bolts together on frequency counters.
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He got me a job in the place that built them.
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And I was in heaven.
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And I've never found anyone who said no or hung up the phone when I called.
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I just asked.
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And when people ask me, I try to be as responsive, you know, to pay that debt of gratitude back.
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Most people never pick up the phone and call.
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Most people never ask.
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And that's what separates sometimes the people that do things from the people that just dream about them.
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You've got to act.
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And you've got to be willing to fail.
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You've got to be willing to crash and burn.
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with people on the phone, with starting a company, whatever.
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If you're afraid of failing, you won't get very far.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“Steve Jobs on Failure”为素材。 这段视频共有 27 个句子、285 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:32。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 186 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 9 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| frequency 名词 | /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/ | 頻率 /频率, 頻度 /频度 |
| bolt 名词 | /boʊlt/ | 螺栓 |
| gratitude 名词 | /ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/ | 感恩, 謝意 /谢意 |
| counter 名词 | /ˈkaʊn.tɚ/ | 棋子, 計數 /计数 |
| fail 动词 | /feɪl/ | 失敗 /失败 |
| laugh 动词 | /læf/ | щё, 笑 |
| assembly 名词 | /əˈsɛmb.li/ | 集會 /集会, 會議 /会议 |
| crash 名词 | /ˈkɹæʃ/ | 墜毀 /坠毁, 墜落 /坠落 |
| burn 动词 | /bɝn/ | 燃燒 /燃烧, 燒 /烧 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| pick up 动词 | 拾取, 撿 /捡 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 13 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, I've, you've。请按听到的简短形式来说。
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: bolt /boʊlt/, gratitude /ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/, responsive /ɹɪˈspɑn.sɪv/, laugh /læf/, crash /ˈkɹæʃ/
- /æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: gratitude /ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/, laugh /læf/, crash /ˈkɹæʃ/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 frequency, bolt, gratitude 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。