Shadowing-Übung: Anarchy - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video

Übungsmodus wählen

Jeder Modus öffnet einen Übungsraum im Vollbild.

93 Sätze

Wenn Sätze zu kurz oder zu lang sind, klicke auf Edit, um sie anzupassen.

Hi, I'm Alan Sens and I'm sitting outside the International House at the University of British Columbia.

Welcome to the Global Politics instructional video series.

In this series, we're looking at a number of key concepts in the study of international relations and global politics.

Today we're looking at anarchy.

Now anarchy is important because anarchy is one of the core concepts in the theory of political realism.

Realists argue that the way global politics are

and the way global politics happens is all because it's an international anarchy that is to say,

the international system is anarchic.

And realists argue that this fundamentally determines the character of global politics, historically, today, and in the future.

So let's see what they mean.

Anarchy.

Now, when we think of anarchy,

often what comes up first is the idea of anarchism and anarchists of course are relevant in some contexts,

but we're not really interested in them right now.

We're actually focused on global politics.

So I'm going to draw an international system and I'm going to populate it with some states.

And I'll draw some very powerful states and some less powerful states and some even less powerful states.

Now, realists argue that this system is anarchic.

That is to say, it is characterized by anarchy, and they make that claim for two reasons.

First, there is no central authority in this system.

And what that really means is there's no world government.

There's no world government to establish rules, establish laws, or provide protection for anyone in the system.

The second reason this system is anarchic is that there is no world police force.

And as a result, there's no force to actually enforce rules or laws in this system.

Now, realists argue there's a number of consequences to this.

The first consequence is that states are very insecure in an anarchic environment,

and as a result, they are very concerned, obsessed, in fact, with survival, and that is their first and ultimate priority.

Second, realists argue that in this anarchic system,

states can really only rely on themselves for their own security.

And realists call this a self -help system.

And there's really only two ways states can help themselves to secure themselves against any threats,

and that's to increase their own military power or to form alliances.

Third, realists argue that in an anarchic system is extremely difficult to trust anyone.

So trust is difficult.

And as a result it's very difficult to promote cooperation.

Everyone in the system is worried about their own self -interests.

There's a lot of conflict in the system because it's

so difficult to establish long -term patterns of cooperation with others in an anarchic environment.

So realists argue that this anarchic structure makes states act the way they do.

This system, this anarchic system, determines the behavior of states.

And one of the examples that realists use to illustrate this, and we'll talk about here because this is a very good example,

is something called the security dilemma.

And the whole idea here is when states look out into the international system, and I'll just label these three more powerful states in the system,

A, B, and C.

When states look out into the system, they feel insecure.

So let's take state A.

It looks into the system and feels it's insecure.

There's no central authority, there's no police force, it needs to depend on itself for its own security, trust is difficult, it wants to survive,

and so as a result...

it will build up its military power.

And I'll just draw a little symbol there to express that.

And what state A is really doing is looking out in the system and saying, you know, we don't have any aggressive intent,

we don't want to attack anybody, but we can't trust anyone either, and we need to ensure our own security,

so we're going to build up our military to defend ourselves.

Now, State B looks at that and asks the question, why did State A do that?

Why did they increase their military?

Certainly, they realize that we have no aggressive intent towards them.

So, perhaps they're building up their military in order to attack us.

We can't take that chance.

It's a self -help system.

So, we better build up our own military in response.

State A then looks to that effort by State B to build up its military and asks the question, now why did they do that?

Surely they knew we have no aggressive intent towards them.

We were building up our military to defend ourselves, but then they go up and build their military up.

Why did they do that?

Maybe they're planning to attack us.

It's a self -help system.

So we better build up our military a little bit more in order to defend ourselves against State B.

State B then looks at that and goes, ha, why did they do that?

We increased our military just to defend ourselves, and now they've gone and increased their military some more.

We better do the same.

and then state A responds,

state B responds, and before you know it you've got an arms race between state A and state B.

Now meanwhile state C is looking at this and going what's going on?

These two countries are vastly increasing their military power.

We better do the same in case they're planning to attack us.

And before you know it you've got an arms race that's extended throughout the system.

And an arms race is a particularly extreme form or virulent example of the security dilemma.

And of course the dilemma here is that in their efforts to ensure their own security,

these states have now created an environment which is much more insecure than it was before.

I mean they're certainly no more secure than they were before

and arguably they're even less secure because this system is now much more hostile, much more filled with suspicion and distrust,

and could even lead to war.

So realists make the argument through the security dilemma as one example of how anarchy affects global politics.

The nature of the system, the character of the system, actually affects the behavior of states,

and it does so in a way that realists argue has examples throughout history.

So that was the concept of anarchy.

Now not everyone believes that realists are right when they describe the world as anarchic.

Most other theories have very different takes on how you would describe the international system and its fundamental characteristics. But clearly

if we do want to try to understand global politics realists do have a lot to tell us

and anarchy is one of the main contributions they make to this discussion.

I hope you enjoy this video.

Join me next time.

App herunterladen

Alles, was du zum fließenden Sprechen brauchst

KI-AussprachebewertungJeder Satz bewertet

IPA-TrainingJeden Laut meistern

WortschatzBaue deinen Wortschatz auf

VokabelspielSpielend lernen

QR scannen

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

FOR YOU

Empfohlenes Video

48 Sätze

Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion

Diese Wörter kommen am häufigsten vor: realists, military, anarchic, anarchy, argue. Dieses Video enthält 93 Sätze und 1144 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 8:29. Der Sprecher spricht gleichmäßig mit etwa 135 Wörtern pro Minute – ein angenehmes Tempo fürs Shadowing. 87 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.

Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video

Die 15 anspruchsvollsten Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:

Wort	Aussprache	Bedeutung
realist Substantiv	/ˈɹɪəlɪst/	Realist, Realistin
anarchy Substantiv	/ˈæn.ɚ.ki/	Anarchie
insecure Adjektiv	/ɪnsəˈkjʊɹ/	nicht sicher
dilemma Substantiv	/daɪˈlɛmə/	Dilemma
consequence Substantiv	/ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwəns/	Konsequenz, Folge
anarchism Substantiv	/ˈænəɹˌkɪzəm/	Anarchismus
anarchist Substantiv	/ˈæn.ɑɹ.kɪst/	Anarchist, Anarchistin
characterize Verb	/ˈkɛɹəktəɹaɪz/	charakterisieren
distrust Substantiv	/dɪsˈtɹʌst/	Misstrauen, Argwohn
obsess Verb	/əbˈsɛs/	besessen sein
populate Verb	/ˈpɒp.jʊˌleɪt/	besiedeln
virulent Adjektiv	/ˈvɪɹ(j)ələnt/	hochgiftig
vastly Adverb	/ˈvæstli/	erheblich, ungeheuer
realism Substantiv	/ˈɹi.əlɪzəm/	Realismus
illustrate Verb	/ˈɪl.əˌstɹeɪt/	illustrieren

Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst

Wort	Bedeutung
build up Verb	sich ansammeln, sich türmen
come up Verb	erscheinen
go up Verb	hinaufgehen, steigen

Sätze zum Wiederholen

Kurze, vollständige Sätze aus dem Video, die du im Alltag wiederverwenden kannst:

Today we're looking at anarchy.
We're actually focused on global politics.
We can't take that chance.
Maybe they're planning to attack us.

Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest

Der Sprecher verwendet 25 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel they're, we're, I'm. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.

Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: anarchism /ˈænəɹˌkɪzəm/, characterize /ˈkɛɹəktəɹaɪz/, realism /ˈɹi.əlɪzəm/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/

Laute, die Deutschsprachigen schwerfallen:

/æ/ — offener als „ä“: anarchy /ˈæn.ɚ.ki/, anarchism /ˈænəɹˌkɪzəm/, anarchist /ˈæn.ɑɹ.kɪst/, vastly /ˈvæstli/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/

So übst du mit diesem Video

Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
Sprich Satz für Satz in normaler Geschwindigkeit nach und wiederhole jeden, bis dein Rhythmus zum Sprecher passt.
Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie realist, anarchy, insecure.

Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?

Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.

Shadowing-Technik: die vollständige Schritt-für-Schritt-Anleitung lesen →

Shadowing-Übung: Anarchy - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video

Übungsmodus wählen

App herunterladen

On freedom - Alan Macfarlane

World Order By Henry Kissinger

Has quantum mechanics proved that reality does not exist?

Both Russia and America only pursue power, not principle, argues Moosa Haraj

The Powers of Horror Exploring Julia Kristeva’s Theory of Abjection

La rebeldía, según Albert Camus

Is War Over? — A Paradox Explained

The Liberalism to Fascism Pipeline (Neoliberalism Explained)

What is the role of emotion in political psychology?

AI Governance Explained: Ethical, Transparent & Accountable AI for the Future

My script presentation

Supernatural thinking: Your brain’s anti-anxiety mode | Clay Routledge