Shadowing-Übung: The INCOME STATEMENT for BEGINNERS - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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hey there I'm James you're watching Accounting Stuff and in this mini-series i'll show you how to make financial statements with an example financial statements are accounting reports that summarize a business's activities
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over a period of time there are three main ones that you should know about they're called the income statement the balance sheet and the cash flow statement
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in this video i'll show you how to make an income statement we'll cover the other two next on this channel so if you'd like to watch those then consider subscribing the income statement is a financial report that summarizes a businesses revenues and expenses over a period of time
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it works like this if you take a business's revenue and subtract its expenses then you're left with a profit or a loss that's why it's sometimes called the profit and loss statement
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or the P&L but we'll call this one the basic income statement it's nice and simple but it doesn't give us much information we need to expand it out to see the full detailed income statement
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at the top we have operating revenue which is the income earned from doing business and then we take away any direct operating costs these are the cost of sales and that leaves us with
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a gross profit or a loss beneath that we subtract any indirect operating costs or overheads to reach an operating profit or loss and finally we take away the indirect non-operating costs
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things like interest expenses and tax which brings us down to the bottom line the business's net profit or loss
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if you'd like to learn more about these terms then you can check out my other income statement video and i also summarize it all on my income statement cheat sheet and I'll leave links to both of those down in the description
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how do you make a basic income statement the first thing you'll need is a trial balance a trial balance is an accounting report showing the closing balances
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in all general ledger accounts at a point in time here's one for a dating app called Tumble it's an adjusted trial balance which means that all of Tumble's adjusting entries have already been posted
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and it was run on December 31st which happens to be the end of Tumble's financial year this trial balance holds a complete list of Tumble's accounts and closing balances
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debit balances go in the left column and credit balances go in the right column but how does this help us make an income statement well we can start by drawing a line
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because accounts in a trial balance are usually arranged in order above this line we have Tumble's assets liabilities and equity these are all balance sheet accounts which we can ignore
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we're interested in this stuff below the line Tumble's revenue and expenses which are their income statement accounts
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the basic income statement is Tumble's revenue minus its expenses in this case they earned 60 million dollars in revenue and incurred 50,350,000 dollars in expenses
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that leaves them with 9,650,000 dollars in profit baby but how do we make the detailed income statement
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the method is pretty much the same if we go back to Tumble's adjusted trial balance then all we need to do is categorize their expenses like we did before cost of sales is a direct operating cost general, administrative, selling, marketing, depreciation and amortization
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are all indirect operating costs and finally interest and tax expenses are indirect non-operating costs but please please be careful with depreciation and amortization if the long-term assets that they relate to
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aren't used in operations then these would also be indirect non-operating costs in this video I'm assuming that they are used in operations right that's the hard bit out the way
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all we need to do now is lift these numbers out of the adjusted trial balance and put them in the corresponding sections of the income statement that leaves us with a revenue of 60 million dollars just like before
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less 17.5 million dollars in cost of sales which is a direct operating cost which gives us a gross profit of 42.5 million dollars then we deduct indirect operating costs
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to reach an operating profit of 10,450,000 dollars and below that we subtract the indirect non-operating costs
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interest and tax which leaves Tumble with a net profit of nine million six hundred and fifty thousand dollars on the bottom line
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shout out to all of my channel members for your support in the next videos I'll show you how to make a balance sheet and a cash flow statement in the same way I'll see you then
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Diese Sprechübung auf Niveau C1 basiert auf dem Video „The INCOME STATEMENT for BEGINNERS“. Diese Wörter kommen am häufigsten vor: statement, balance, income, operating, cost. Dieses Video enthält 25 Sätze und 784 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 5:04. Der Sprecher spricht in natürlichem Tempo, etwa 155 Wörter pro Minute, ähnlich wie im Alltagsgespräch. 85 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
Die 15 anspruchsvollsten Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| indirect Adjektiv | /ˌɪn.daɪˈɹɛkt/ | indirekt |
| adjust Verb | /əˈd͡ʒʌst/ | anpassen, abstimmen |
| subtract Verb | /səbˈtɹækt/ | subtrahieren, abziehen |
| summarize Verb | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | zusammenfassen |
| amortization Substantiv | /ˌæmɚtəˈzeɪʃən/ | Abschreibung |
| categorize Verb | /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/ | kategorisieren |
| deduct Verb | /dɪˈdʌkt/ | abziehen |
| ledger Substantiv | /ˈlɛd͡ʒɚ/ | Notizbuch |
| correspond Verb | /ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/ | entsprechen, korrespondieren |
| debit Substantiv | /ˈdɛb.ɪt/ | Soll |
| overhead Substantiv | /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/ | allgemeine Unkosten |
| minus | /ˈmaɪ.nəs/ | weniger, minus |
| arrange Verb | /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ | arrangieren, systematisieren |
| subscribe Verb | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | abonnieren |
| shout Verb | /ʃaʊt/ | rufen, schreien |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| take away Verb | /ˌteɪk əˈweɪ/ | wegnehmen |
| check out Verb | überprüfen |
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | revenue which is · balance which means · expenses which are |
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | been posted · was run · are usually arranged |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 18 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel I'll, I'm, we'll. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: amortization /ˌæmɚtəˈzeɪʃən/, depreciation /dɪˌpɹiːʃɪˈeɪʃən/, shout /ʃaʊt/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: amortization /ˌæmɚtəˈzeɪʃən/, depreciation /dɪˌpɹiːʃɪˈeɪʃən/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/
Laute, die Deutschsprachigen schwerfallen:
- Stimmhafter Auslaut — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ am Wortende nicht verhärten: summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/, correspond /ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/, arrange /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/
- /æ/ — offener als „ä“: subtract /səbˈtɹækt/, amortization /ˌæmɚtəˈzeɪʃən/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/
- /dʒ/ — stimmhaft, nicht „tsch“: adjust /əˈd͡ʒʌst/, ledger /ˈlɛd͡ʒɚ/, arrange /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie indirect, adjust, subtract.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.