Shadowing Practice: The INCOME STATEMENT for BEGINNERS - Learn English Speaking with Video
Les maken...
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hey there I'm James you're watching Accounting Stuff and in this mini-series i'll show you how to make financial statements with an example financial statements are accounting reports that summarize a business's activities
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over a period of time there are three main ones that you should know about they're called the income statement the balance sheet and the cash flow statement
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in this video i'll show you how to make an income statement we'll cover the other two next on this channel so if you'd like to watch those then consider subscribing the income statement is a financial report that summarizes a businesses revenues and expenses over a period of time
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it works like this if you take a business's revenue and subtract its expenses then you're left with a profit or a loss that's why it's sometimes called the profit and loss statement
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or the P&L but we'll call this one the basic income statement it's nice and simple but it doesn't give us much information we need to expand it out to see the full detailed income statement
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at the top we have operating revenue which is the income earned from doing business and then we take away any direct operating costs these are the cost of sales and that leaves us with
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a gross profit or a loss beneath that we subtract any indirect operating costs or overheads to reach an operating profit or loss and finally we take away the indirect non-operating costs
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things like interest expenses and tax which brings us down to the bottom line the business's net profit or loss
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if you'd like to learn more about these terms then you can check out my other income statement video and i also summarize it all on my income statement cheat sheet and I'll leave links to both of those down in the description
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how do you make a basic income statement the first thing you'll need is a trial balance a trial balance is an accounting report showing the closing balances
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in all general ledger accounts at a point in time here's one for a dating app called Tumble it's an adjusted trial balance which means that all of Tumble's adjusting entries have already been posted
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and it was run on December 31st which happens to be the end of Tumble's financial year this trial balance holds a complete list of Tumble's accounts and closing balances
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debit balances go in the left column and credit balances go in the right column but how does this help us make an income statement well we can start by drawing a line
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because accounts in a trial balance are usually arranged in order above this line we have Tumble's assets liabilities and equity these are all balance sheet accounts which we can ignore
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we're interested in this stuff below the line Tumble's revenue and expenses which are their income statement accounts
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the basic income statement is Tumble's revenue minus its expenses in this case they earned 60 million dollars in revenue and incurred 50,350,000 dollars in expenses
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that leaves them with 9,650,000 dollars in profit baby but how do we make the detailed income statement
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the method is pretty much the same if we go back to Tumble's adjusted trial balance then all we need to do is categorize their expenses like we did before cost of sales is a direct operating cost general, administrative, selling, marketing, depreciation and amortization
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are all indirect operating costs and finally interest and tax expenses are indirect non-operating costs but please please be careful with depreciation and amortization if the long-term assets that they relate to
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aren't used in operations then these would also be indirect non-operating costs in this video I'm assuming that they are used in operations right that's the hard bit out the way
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all we need to do now is lift these numbers out of the adjusted trial balance and put them in the corresponding sections of the income statement that leaves us with a revenue of 60 million dollars just like before
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less 17.5 million dollars in cost of sales which is a direct operating cost which gives us a gross profit of 42.5 million dollars then we deduct indirect operating costs
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to reach an operating profit of 10,450,000 dollars and below that we subtract the indirect non-operating costs
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interest and tax which leaves Tumble with a net profit of nine million six hundred and fifty thousand dollars on the bottom line
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shout out to all of my channel members for your support in the next videos I'll show you how to make a balance sheet and a cash flow statement in the same way I'll see you then
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau C1 is gebaseerd op de video “The INCOME STATEMENT for BEGINNERS”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: statement, balance, income, operating, cost. Deze video bevat 25 zinnen en 784 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 5:04. De spreker praat in een natuurlijk tempo van ongeveer 155 woorden per minuut, dicht bij een alledaags gesprek. 85% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 13 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| indirect bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˌɪn.daɪˈɹɛkt/ | onrechtstreeks, indirect |
| adjust werkwoord | /əˈd͡ʒʌst/ | aanpassen, verstellen |
| subtract werkwoord | /səbˈtɹækt/ | aftrekken, in mindering brengen |
| summarize werkwoord | /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/ | samenvatten, opsommen |
| amortization zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˌæmɚtəˈzeɪʃən/ | afschrijving, amortisatie |
| depreciation zelfstandig naamwoord | /dɪˌpɹiːʃɪˈeɪʃən/ | depreciatie |
| correspond werkwoord | /ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/ | corresponderen |
| debit zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈdɛb.ɪt/ | debet |
| minus | /ˈmaɪ.nəs/ | min |
| arrange werkwoord | /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ | regelen, schikken |
| subscribe werkwoord | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | abonneren |
| shout werkwoord | /ʃaʊt/ | schreeuwen |
| cheat werkwoord | /ˈt͡ʃiːt/ | valsspelen, bedriegen |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| check out werkwoord | onderzoeken |
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Betrekkelijke bijzinnen who / which + zin — extra informatie over een persoon of ding | revenue which is · balance which means · expenses which are |
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | been posted · was run · are usually arranged |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 18 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals I'll, I'm, we'll. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: amortization /ˌæmɚtəˈzeɪʃən/, depreciation /dɪˌpɹiːʃɪˈeɪʃən/, shout /ʃaʊt/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: amortization /ˌæmɚtəˈzeɪʃən/, depreciation /dɪˌpɹiːʃɪˈeɪʃən/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/, correspond /ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/, arrange /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: subtract /səbˈtɹækt/, amortization /ˌæmɚtəˈzeɪʃən/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als indirect, adjust, subtract.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.