Shadowing Practice: 2014 Three Minute Thesis runner-up presentation by Cassie Hilditch - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Our fourth finalist is Cassie Hilditch from the Centre for Sleep Research in the School of Psychology Social Work and Social Policy.
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Her presentation is entitled Waking Up Tired: effects of a nighttime nap on performance and alertness.
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Thank you, Cassie.
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Thank you.
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I want you all to think about how you felt when you first woke up this morning.
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Did you wake up feeling tired?
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A little groggy or disoriented, like you needed a strong coffee, a hot shower, and about 30 minutes to start thinking straight?
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Well, this is what we call sleep inertia.
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It's when the momentum of sleep continues into wakefulness.
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And it's during this period that our ability to process information is impaired.
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So for most of us this occurs while we're shuffling around the house getting ready for work or school.
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So what's the problem?
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Well, consider shift workers people who work on call, People who nap on shift, People like emergency service workers, pilots, and doctors.
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These people may have to make life -changing decisions.
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problem -solve time -critical situations or simply drive a vehicle soon after waking.
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And it's in these scenarios that sleep inertia can be a significant safety risk.
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Now, the current guidelines for napping on shift say that you can sleep for up to half an hour.
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This way you won't go into a deep sleep and you'll avoid sleep inertia.
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but this advice is based on studies conducted in the afternoon.
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and we don't really know what might happen after a half
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an hour nap at night say at 4 :00 a .m when we're most sleepy.
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So what did we do?
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Well, we took 21 healthy adult subjects and confined them to the sleep laboratory for one night.
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and deprived them of sleep to simulate a night shift.
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We gave one group a 30 minute nap ending at 4 :00 a .m.
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and the other group were kept awake for the whole night.
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We then tested the performance of both groups at 4 :00 a .m and again every 15 minutes for the next hour.
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And what did we find?
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Well, our research showed that performance after the nap was significantly worse than before the nap.
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and worse than the control group who had had no nap at all.
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and this performance impairment continued for up to half an hour after the nap.
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And interestingly, When we ask people to rate how they felt they had performed, They said they performed better after the nap.
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That is? they were completely unaware of the impact that sleep inertia had had on their performance. So what's the message?
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Well, this research is informing and challenging current fatigue risk management guidelines for napping on shift.
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We now know that if you take a 30 minute nap ending at 4am, then you should include an additional 30 minute buffer zone before returning to safety critical duties.
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We also need to educate workers about the risks of overestimating their performance during this period.
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Our future research will look at shorter naps to see whether they can provide immediate performance benefits
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without the side effects of waking up tired.
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Thank you.
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applause

Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Esta lección de conversación de nivel C1 se basa en el vídeo “2014 Three Minute Thesis runner-up presentation by Cassie Hilditch”. Las palabras que más se repiten: nap, sleep, performance, shift, inertia. Este vídeo tiene 40 frases y 517 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 3:16. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 158 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. El 84 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar. 7 de sus 40 frases son preguntas, así que sirve para practicar la entonación de las preguntas y las respuestas cortas.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
inertia sustantivo/ɪnˈɝ.ʃə/inercia
nap sustantivo/næp/siesta, camarón
guideline sustantivo/ˈɡaɪdˌlaɪn/directriz, pauta
alertness sustantivo/əˈlɝt.nəs/vigilancia
confine verbo/ˈkɑnfaɪn/confinar, encorsetar
deprive verbo/dɪˈpɹaɪv/desproveer (de), privar (de)
disorient verbo/dɪsˈɔːɹi.ənt/desorientar, perder el norte
finalist sustantivofinalista
groggy adjetivo/ˈɡɹɑ.ɡi/grogui, atontado
impair verbo/ɪmˈpɛɹ/deteriorar, empeorar
nighttime sustantivo/ˈnaɪtˌtaɪm/conticinio, noche
overestimate verbo/ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/sobrestimar, sobreestimar
shuffle verbo/ˈʃʌfəl/barajear, barajar
simulate verbo/ˈsɪm.jə.lət/simular
wakefulness sustantivo/ˈweɪk.fʊl.nəs/vigilia, vela

Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
wake up verbo/ˌweɪk ˈʌp/despertarse, recordar

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 5 contracciones y formas reducidas, como we're, don't, won't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: inertia /ɪnˈɝ.ʃə/, shuffle /ˈʃʌfəl/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: disorient /dɪsˈɔːɹi.ənt/, overestimate /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/, momentum /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/

Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:

  • /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: deprive /dɪˈpɹaɪv/, overestimate /ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como inertia, nap, guideline.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →