Shadowing Practice: IELTS Cambridge Book 15 Listening Test 4 Part 3 Questions with Audioscripts - Learn English Speaking with Video
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IELTS 15.
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Test 4.
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Part 3.
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You will hear two students of social history called Annie and Jack discussing their presentation about refrigeration.
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OK, Jack.
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Before we plan our presentation about refrigeration, let's discuss what we've discovered so far.
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Fine, Annie.
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Though I have to admit I haven't done much research yet. Nor me.
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But I found an interesting article about ice houses.
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I'd seen some 18th and 19th century ones here in the UK, so I knew they were often built in a shady area or underground,
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close to lakes that might freeze in the winter.
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Then blocks of ice could be cut and stored in the ice house.
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But I didn't realise that insulating the blocks with straw or sawdust meant they didn't melt for months.
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The ancient Romans had refrigeration too.
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I didn't know that.
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Yes.
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Pits were dug in the ground and snow was imported from the mountains, even though they were at quite a distance.
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The snow was stored in the pits.
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Ice formed at the bottom of it.
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Both the ice and the snow were then sold.
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The ice cost more than the snow, and my guess is that only the wealthy members of society could afford it.
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I wouldn't be surprised.
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I also came across an article about modern domestic fridges.
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Several different technologies are used, but they were too complex for me to understand.
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You have to wonder what happens when people get rid of old ones.
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You mean because the gases in them are harmful for the environment?
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Exactly.
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At least there are now plenty of organisations that will recycle most of the components safely.
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But of course, some people just dump old fridges in the countryside.
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It's hard to see how they can be stopped, unfortunately.
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In the UK, we get rid of three million a year altogether.
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That sounds a lot.
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Especially because fridges hardly ever break down.
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That's right.
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In this country we keep domestic fridges for eleven years on average, and a lot lasts for twenty or more.
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So if you divide the cost by the number of years you can use a fridge, they're not expensive, compared with some household appliances.
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True.
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I suppose manufacturers encourage people to spend more by making them different colours and designs.
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I'm sure when my parents bought their first fridge, they had hardly any choice.
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Yes, there's been quite a change.
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Right, let's make a list of topics to cover in our presentation and decide who's going to do more research on them.
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Then later we can get together and plan the next step.
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OK.
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How about starting with how useful refrigeration is,
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and the range of goods that are refrigerated nowadays because of course it's not just food and drinks.
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No, I suppose flowers and medicines are refrigerated too. And computers.
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I could do that, unless you particularly want to.
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No, that's fine by me.
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What about the effects of refrigeration on people's health?
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After all, some of the chemicals used in the 19th century were pretty harmful, but there have been lots of benefits too, like always having access to fresh food.
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Do you fancy dealing with that?
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I'm not terribly keen, to be honest.
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Hmm, nor me.
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My mind just goes blank when I read anything about chemicals.
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Oh, all right then.
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I'll do you a favour.
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But you owe me, Jack.
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OK.
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What about the effects on food producers?
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Like farmers in poorer countries being able to export their produce to developed countries.
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Something for you, maybe?
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I don't mind.
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You should be quite interesting.
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I think we should also look at how refrigeration has helped whole cities,
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like Las Vegas, which couldn't exist without refrigeration because it's in the middle of a desert.
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Right.
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I had a quick look at an economics book in the library that's got a chapter about this sort of thing.
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I could give you the title if you want to do this section?
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Not particularly, to be honest.
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I find economics books pretty heavy going as a rule.
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OK, leave it to me then.
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Thanks.
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Then there's transport and the difference that refrigerated trucks have made.
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I wouldn't mind having a go at that.
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Don't forget trains too.
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I read something about milk and butter being transported in refrigerated railroad cars in the USA right back in the 1840s.
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I hadn't thought of trains, thanks.
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Shall we have a separate section on domestic fridges?
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After all, they're something everyone's familiar with.
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What about splitting it into two?
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You could investigate 19th and 20th century fridges, and I'll concentrate on what's available these days,
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and how manufacturers differentiate their products from those of their competitors.
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OK, that'd suit me.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel B2 se basa en el vídeo “IELTS Cambridge Book 15 Listening Test 4 Part 3 Questions with Audioscripts”. Las palabras que más se repiten: fridge, refrigeration, ice, refrigerated, snow. Este vídeo tiene 83 frases y 785 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:56. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 159 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 80 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| refrigeration sustantivo | refrigeración | |
| refrigerate verbo | /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəɹeɪt/ | refrigerar |
| harmful adjetivo | /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/ | perjudicial, perjudicador |
| appliance sustantivo | /əˈplaɪ.əns/ | implemento, instrumento |
| insulate verbo | /ˈɪnsʊleɪt/ | aislar |
| recycle verbo | /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ | reciclar |
| differentiate verbo | /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/ | diferenciar |
| shady adjetivo | /ˈʃeɪdi/ | umbroso, umbrátil |
| competitor sustantivo | /kəmˈpɛt.ɪ.tɚ/ | contrincante |
| terribly adverbio | /ˈtɛɹ.ɪ.bli/ | rematadamente |
| countryside sustantivo | /ˈkʌn.tɹiˌsaɪd/ | campo, campaña |
| melt verbo | /mɛlt/ | derretirse, fundirse |
| straw sustantivo | /stɹɔ/ | paja |
| concentrate verbo | /ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/ | concentrar |
| altogether adverbio | /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/ | por completo |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| break down verbo | descomponerse, averiarse |
| come across verbo | pasarse a |
| get together verbo | reunir, juntar |
Frases que vale la pena repetir
Frases cortas y completas del vídeo que puedes reutilizar en la conversación diaria:
- You mean because the gases in them are harmful for the environment?
- No, that's fine by me.
- What about the effects of refrigeration on people's health?
- Do you fancy dealing with that?
- Shall we have a separate section on domestic fridges?
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | were often built · could be cut · were dug |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | we've discovered · haven't done · there's been |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 19 contracciones y formas reducidas, como didn't, don't, I'll. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: differentiate /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/, shady /ˈʃeɪdi/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: refrigerate /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəɹeɪt/, differentiate /dɪf.əˈɹɛn.ʃi.eɪt/, competitor /kəmˈpɛt.ɪ.tɚ/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como refrigeration, refrigerate, harmful.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.