Shadowing Practice: Learn English Tenses: The Present Perfect - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hi, Bob the Canadian here.
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Welcome to this English lesson where I'm going to help you learn the present perfect tense.
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Hey, have you started yet?
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Yes, I've started.
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Sorry.
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No problem.
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The present perfect tense is used
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when you wanna talk about an action where the time isn't important
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or the time isn't specified or the action hasn't really finished happening.
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We use it in sentences like this.
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I have worked hard today.
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I have learned a lot of new English vocabulary.
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So stick around, in this lesson, I'll show you how to form the present perfect tense, I'll show you how to conjugate it, and we'll talk about when to use the present perfect tense.
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We'll also look at how to form the negative, and of course, how to form questions using this tense.
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Let's start by talking about how to conjugate the present perfect tense.
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You do this by taking your subjects, I, you, he, she, we, and they, and you conjugate the verb to have as your helper verb.
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So I have, you have, he, she has, we have, and they have.
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Then you take your verb and you put it into the past participle.
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I'm going to use the verb to call because it's regular, but you will need to learn a lot of irregular verbs as well.
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You would then have this, I have called, you have called, he has called, she has called, we have called, or they have called.
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That's how you conjugate the present perfect tense.
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As you know, in English, we're always in a hurry to say things as quickly as possible, so we usually use contractions.
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So we don't often say, I have called.
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Instead, we would say things like this.
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I've called, you've called, he's called, she's called, we've called, and they've called.
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I don't know why, but we're always in a hurry
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and we like to mush our words together so that we can say them quickly.
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We often use contractions.
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Let's talk about when you should use the present perfect tense.
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There are about five situations when you should use this verb tense.
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The first is when the time of the action is not over.
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So if I say something like this, I have worked hard today.
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I'm still working hard now.
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I was working hard and I will most likely keep working hard.
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So the time of the action is not over.
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I have worked hard today.
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I think I've worked hard today.
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yeah, I've worked pretty hard today.
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The second situation where you would use the present perfect tense is
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when you're using the words for and since to talk about something that started in the past.
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I could say something like this, I have lived here for 20 years, or I have worked for my brother since I was 20 years old.
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So when you use the words for and since, they kind of indicate to you that you should be using the present perfect tense.
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The third situation where you would use the present perfect is to talk about an action
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that has been repeated between the past and now.
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If I said I have visited her six times,
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it's an action that started in the past and it's happened five more times since the very first time I did it.
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I have visited her six times, an action that started in the past and was repeated many times.
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The fourth situation where you would use the present perfect is when the time of the action is not important.
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I could ask a question like this, have you studied ancient history?
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And you could respond by saying, yes, I've studied ancient history.
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So the time at which you studied ancient history is not important here.
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All that's important is that I want to know if you have studied ancient history.
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It's a little bit of a tricky one to learn as an English learner, but it's definitely a very common usage of the present perfect.
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To talk about something where the time that that thing happened is not important in the conversation.
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The fifth situation where you would use the present perfect is to talk about an action that was recently completed.
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And you would use the word just in the sentence.
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You could say this, I have just finished the book.
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That means that you were reading the book a few moments ago
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and you read the last page just in the last hour or in the last few minutes.
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So you do need the word just and you would use sentences like, I have just finished the book.
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Let's talk a little bit about how to form the negative using the present perfect.
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In order to do this, you simply add the word not between the conjugation of have and the past participle.
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So I could say this, I have not studied for my test.
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I have not visited my sister.
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You can see I simply added the word not between the verb have and the past participle.
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Now we have a sentence in the negative.
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Hey, I was just editing the video and I realized I forgot to mention we use contractions in the negative as well.
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We say things like I haven't called, you haven't called, he hasn't called, she hasn't called, we haven't called and they haven't called.
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So there you go.
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I'll just pop in here for a sec and add this little clip.
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Enjoy the rest of the lesson.
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We should also look at how to form a question using the present perfect.
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We do this by inverting the sentence.
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We flip the subject and the verb to have.
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So you would say things like this, have you cleaned your room?
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And you could respond by saying, yes, I have cleaned my room.
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Have you called your mom?
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And you would respond by saying, yes, I have called my mom.
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So to form a question using the present perfect, You simply flip the subject of the sentence with the verb to have and put a question mark at the end.
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Hey, thank you so much for watching this little lesson on the present perfect.
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I hope it helped you a little bit to understand more how to use this English verb tense.
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I'm Bob the Canadian.
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If you're new here, don't forget to click
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that red subscribe button over there and give me a thumbs up if you enjoyed watching this English lesson.
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And if you have a bit more time, why don't you stick around and watch another English lesson.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel B1 se basa en el vídeo “Learn English Tenses: The Present Perfect”. Las palabras que más se repiten: present, perfect, tense, verb, action. Este vídeo tiene 85 frases y 1104 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 5:59. El hablante habla rápido, unas 185 palabras por minuto, así que espera sonidos enlazados y reducidos. El 87 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es fácil de seguir.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| tense sustantivo | /tɛns/ | tiempo |
| verb sustantivo | /vɝb/ | verbo |
| conjugate verbo | /ˈkɒn.d͡ʒə.ɡeɪt/ | conjugar |
| contraction sustantivo | /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/ | contracción |
| participle sustantivo | /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/ | participio |
| hurry verbo | /ˈhʌ.ɹi/ | apresurarse, apurarse |
| flip verbo | /flɪp/ | darle vuelta, voltear |
| conjugation sustantivo | /ˌkɑnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/ | conjunción |
| helper sustantivo | /ˈhɛlpɚ/ | ayudante, ayudador |
| invert verbo | /ɪnˈvɜɹt/ | invertir |
| learner sustantivo | /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/ | aprendiz, aprendedor |
| irregular adjetivo | /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/ | irregular |
| specify verbo | /ˈspɛs.əˌfaɪ/ | especificar, circunstanciar |
| vocabulary sustantivo | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | vocabulario |
| tricky adjetivo | /ˈtɹɪk.i/ | dificultoso, chungo |
Frases que vale la pena repetir
Frases cortas y completas del vídeo que puedes reutilizar en la conversación diaria:
- Hey, have you started yet?
- That's how you conjugate the present perfect tense.
- I'm still working hard now.
- I think I've worked hard today.
- Have you called your mom?
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | I've started · hasn't really finished · have worked |
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | isn't specified · has been repeated · was repeated |
| Consejo con “should” should + verbo — decir qué es buena idea | should use · should be · should also look |
| Past continuous was/were + -ing — una acción en curso en un momento del pasado | was working · were reading · was just editing |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 35 contracciones y formas reducidas, como I've, don't, haven't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: contraction /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/, conjugation /ˌkɑnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: participle /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/, conjugation /ˌkɑnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/, irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: verb /vɝb/, invert /ɪnˈvɜɹt/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
- /dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: conjugate /ˈkɒn.d͡ʒə.ɡeɪt/, conjugation /ˌkɑnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/, usage /ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/
- /h/ — una aspiración suave, no la “j”: hurry /ˈhʌ.ɹi/, helper /ˈhɛlpɚ/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como tense, verb, conjugate.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.