Pratique du Shadowing: Can You Define Energy? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

Création de la leçon...
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Here's a question that sounds easy.
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What is energy?
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Go on, try it.
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Define it to a friend.
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You've said the word a thousand times.
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You've got energy after breakfast.
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A battery runs out of energy.
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The sun gives off energy.
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But if I asked you to point at energy, actually point at it, where would you point?
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You can't.
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And that's the strange part.
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Energy might be the most important idea in all of science, and nobody has ever seen it.
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Not once.
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Not with a microscope.
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Not with a telescope.
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Because energy isn't a thing.
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It's not stuff like water or air.
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You can't fill a jar with it.
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You can't put it on a scale and weigh it.
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Open a textbook and you'll find energy defined as the ability to do work or to make change.
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It doesn't tell you what energy is, it tells you what energy does.
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And that's the catch.
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We can't see energy, but we can see the changes it causes when it's converted from one form into another.
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Think about a campfire.
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There's a lot of air.
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Chemical potential energy is stored inside the wood, but a log just looks like a log.
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Then it burns, and that chemical energy converts into heat and light.
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You feel the warmth on your face.
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You see the glow.
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You're not seeing energy.
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You're seeing a conversion.
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A diver standing on a diving board may not appear to have energy energy, but their height gives them gravitational potential energy.
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The board stores elastic potential energy as it bends, then launches them upwards.
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As they fall, gravitational potential energy becomes kinetic energy.
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Energy transfers to the water, creating waves and sound.
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Every step of the way, you only notice the energy at the moment it changes form.
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Or look at a solar panel on a roof.
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Sunlight hits it, but nothing seems to happen.
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No noise, no moving parts.
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It just sits there.
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But inside the panel's photovoltaic cells, light energy is being converted into electrical energy.
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Now step inside the home and switch on a fan.
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Suddenly, the blades are spinning.
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That's electrical energy converting into kinetic energy.
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Light energy into electrical energy and then inside the house into many other forms.
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Kinetic energy in a fan, heat in a toaster, light and sound from a TV.
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So here's the sneaky bit.
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Scientists don't define energy by what it is, they define it by what it does.
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Textbooks say energy is the ability to make things happen, to move something, heat something, or light something up.
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That's true.
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But notice it describes the effects, not the thing itself.
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So that's why energy is so hard to define.
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We've never seen it, not once.
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We've only ever seen its footprints.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette vidéo contient 54 phrases et 464 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:20. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 139 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 84 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
define verbe/dɪˈfaɪn/déterminer
convert verbe/kənˈvɝt/convertir
textbook nom/ˈtɛkst.bʊk/manuel, livre de classe
spin verbe/spɪn/tournoyer, pivoter rapidement
conversion nom/kənˈvɝʒən/conversion
scientist nom/ˈsaɪəntəst/scientifique, savant
blade nom/bleɪd/lame
bend verbe/bɛnd/courber, tordre
dive verbe/daɪv/nager, plonger
weigh verbe/weɪ/peser
glow verbe/ɡloʊ/briller, luire
sunlight nom/ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/lumière du soleil
warmth nom/wɔɹmθ/chaleur
telescope nom/ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/lunette, télescope
upwards adverbe/ˈʌpwɚdz/en haut

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotPrononciationSens
give off verbe/ɡɪv ɒf/émettre

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

StructureDans la vidéo
Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenantYou've said · has ever seen · We've never seen
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le faitis stored · being converted

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 14 contractions et formes réduites, comme can't, we've, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: conversion /kənˈvɝʒən/, gravitational /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, gravitational /ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme define, convert, textbook.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →