Pratique du Shadowing: The Man Who Stole MySpace | Samy - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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one of our biggest flaws collectively as people is our tendency
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to underestimate the power we have on others without even giving a second thought we make choices
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that produce dire consequences that we never even anticipated
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and with the internet giving us access to more information than
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we ever thought was possible we must now be more mindful of this than ever before.
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And on October 4th, 2005, a bored teenager would unknowingly change online history.
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On that day, over 1 million people across MySpace logged onto their accounts and discovered that their profiles had been hijacked,
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but not in the way that you think.
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They hadn't been hacked
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and their passwords were still safe yet somehow their web pages
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had been visibly changed nearly everybody on the platform was now
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suddenly friends with a mysterious user named sammy with text even appearing on their pages
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which declared sammy is my hero not too long after sammy's profile just disappeared.
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And then a little after that, so did all of MySpace.
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The world's most popular social network was now gone, leaving millions of people around the world completely puzzled as to what just happened.
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In just under 24 hours, Sammy, also known as the Space Hero Worm, had become become the fastest growing computer virus of all time.
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So what exactly happened?
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Given that the payload of this worm was pretty much harmless, you may think that its impact on everyday traffic across the web would be more or less benign,
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but that's actually not true.
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Although its capabilities make it seem quite silly, the Sammy worm's effects on the internet are still with us today.
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They not only serve as a lesson in how we should be more mindful of patching big security vulnerabilities
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but they also serve as a reminder for just how much influence the everyday person has even
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when making seemingly trivial decisions this is the story of sammy
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and the kid who accidentally stole myspace speaking of myspace i also need my space to play some war thunder
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which happens to be today's sponsor do you pop out at parties are you unpopular well i can't help with
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Now, we've all had those days where we're just constantly working and getting told what to do.
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Also, I'm cheating on you.
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Now, this is something I really love about the game.
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There are just so many different options to choose from, and it really shows how much technology has evolved.
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It's quite educational in that way.
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And now you can try out War Thunder for yourself.
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By using my link shown in the description, you can get access to a large free bonus pack that includes multiple premium vehicles, boosters, a premium account, and much more.
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At least on the planes in War Thunder, you don't have a baby crying in the seat next to you wait did you really write
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that that's stupid what it was funny anyway go check out war thunder
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and play among your friends the story of the sammy virus begins with our namesake
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and beloved my space friend sammy kamkar even at his young age sammy was quite the gifted programmer
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when he was 10 years old he received his very first computer
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and logged on to the world wide web for the very first time
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and the very first thing he did well started searching online
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for the x -files he even found himself in a chat
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room asking hey who wants to talk about the x -files the only response he got was get out
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when he refused another response followed you have 10 seconds to get out lo
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and behold 10 seconds later sammy's brand new computer was faced with a blue screen of death but rather than getting angry, Sammy was just fascinated.
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Somebody on the other side of the world was able to gain full control of his computer without his permission.
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He wanted to do the same thing.
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sammy had soon learned that this person used a program called winnuke 95
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which exploited a vulnerability found in windows
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that allowed people to effectively crash anyone's computer as long as
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they knew their ip address microsoft would quickly patch this issue
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and the program would no longer work but if people could create hobbies
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or even entire careers out of exposing bad code in a
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piece of software what was stopping him from being one of them sammy's new computing
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and online presence was dedicated to reverse engineering code and programming, from finding vulnerabilities in games like Counter -Strike to,
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well, releasing exploits to those vulnerabilities in Counter -Strike and having the actual game developers get involved.
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But now it's 2005.
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He's 19 years old, has dropped out of high school, and runs his own tech company
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that would be worth around 46 million dollars with nine years
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of programming experience under his belt all his friends were now
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on this relatively new insanely popular website called myspace .com sammy had been reluctant on joining right away
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but eventually all the peer pressure caught up to him i mean everyone else was doing it
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so he went ahead and created his first myspace account and immediately did what he does best, searched the site for exploits.
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Sammy felt that Myspace was, in some respects, a bit lackluster.
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Like the fact that you could only upload 12 photos?
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That's it?
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Well, he eventually figured out a workaround to this, on top of other things, such as being able to change his relationship status to, say, in a hot relationship,
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an option that was not a part of MySpace's drop -down menu.
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These changes were initially very subtle, but as he continued exploring, he soon realized just how much control he truly had at his disposal.
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To get nothing more than a laugh out of his friends, Sammy decided to create a script,
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where anyone who visited his MySpace page would automatically add him as a friend, and then add text to their page which said,
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but most of all, Sammy is my hero.
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It was harmless, it didn't delete anything or obtain personal information, it just made a funny joke.
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But he decided to make it even more interesting than that.
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Now not only would anyone who visited Sammy's page add him as a friend, it would also add this script to their page.
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So anyone who visited that person's page would also add sammy as their friend
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and have this script added to their profile and
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so on sammy had just accidentally created a computer worm
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and he thought that maybe a dozen people at the most would add him as a friend
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but by the time he woke up he now had over
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10 000 new friends on his profile all of them declaring
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him as their hero he even received direct messages from people asking why he was on their profile
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and thanks to the beauty of exponents in just a couple
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of hours this number would snowball to 50 000 75 000
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at the end of the day sammy's friend list was now
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at 1 million naturally he starts to completely panic though deleting
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the code from his profile doesn't prevent the other users from
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continuing to spread it he tries to shut down his profile but he can't even do that for another 24 hours.
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He decides to send an anonymous email to MySpace explaining how to remove the worm, but he never gets a response.
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But eventually, his profile would get taken down before the end of the day.
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But then so would all of MySpace.
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With nothing more than some pretty simplistic code, Sammy shut down an entire online ecosystem used by millions of people and corporations,
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and he had been a user for hardly one day.
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Just a couple of months before the Sammy virus entered the picture, MySpace had just been purchased by News Corp, a division of Fox, for $580 million.
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In other words, MySpace was not small potatoes, it was a very big deal.
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So how on earth did such a huge
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and obvious vulnerability go completely unnoticed all this time to the
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point where even a 19 year old could exploit it it's
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not like the sammy worm was the first did the internet
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really not learn their lesson from the multiple devastating online attacks
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that had preceded it well yes and no the interesting thing about this vulnerability
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is that it was a byproduct of something
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that was actually considered a feature on myspace the ability to customize your profile using CSS.
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This was a bit of a common trend throughout the internet in the early 2000s, and as social media grew later on in the decade, its prevalence did as well.
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To a lesser extent, even the old YouTube channel layouts had a similar setup.
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This allowed people to create very customizable, unique pages, many of them terrible to look at.
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This was very common before smartphones became a thing.
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It could be argued that MySpace was the site that started this trend, but at the same time, MySpace was special.
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It was a social network akin to something like Facebook, but it was also more than that.
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MySpace was your entire personality on a web page.
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You could choose your profile's colors, change the background, you could even have music play on your page.
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It wasn't just a name and a profile picture.
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You could change your web page into any style that fit your mood.
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But not only that, on MySpace, you could customize things even further by writing your own code.
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You weren't confined to the digital walls that are seen in typical profile settings things, you could do pretty much whatever you want.
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Many people actually learned HTML and CSS and became professional programmers because of Myspace,
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as they would spend all their time putting together a profile perfectly tailored to their desired online persona.
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So how does this all tie in to the Sammy worm?
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Well you probably know where this is going, but things do take a bit of a turn.
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I say you could do pretty much whatever you want, because there were some limitations.
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Sammy executed the worm through something known as cross -site scripting.
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Not to be confused with the CSS we just talked about, the acronym for this term is XSS.
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Developers at MySpace were aware that giving users such flexibility would be abused in some way, shape, or form.
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So they went ahead and blocked things like JavaScript from being used within the CSS coding settings.
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But Sammy found a loophole.
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Rather than exploiting MySpace, he exploited his web browser.
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Browsers at the time were actually very lenient when it came to interpreting broken code.
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So if you wrote a JavaScript command with a few formatting issues here and there, the browser would still read it the way it was intended.
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This was done so that websites that may not have been coded properly could still load without issues.
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So, for example, if Timmy sucks at writing HTML, he can still have his website show up on the internet.
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As long as the browser knows what he meant to write, it doesn't have to be perfect.
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So what Sammy did was he wrote his JavaScript code in a certain format that was intentionally slightly incorrect.
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This format would be too unique to be picked up by Myspace's filters,
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but coherent enough for a browser to understand the intent of what he was writing and therefore execute it anyway.
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Browsers like Firefox and Opera did not have this interpretation feature, but Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari did.
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This was the reason why many websites that would load properly in Internet Explorer
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and Safari did not load properly in Firefox and Opera.
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So naturally, Internet Explorer and Safari appeared smarter, and therefore gave Internet Explorer the majority browser market share.
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But when almost all the users on MySpace are using Internet Explorer, it's clear why events unfolded the way that they did.
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So it wasn't really MySpace's fault, it was the web browser.
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The only thing MySpace could do was now add this new style of formatting to this filter list
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so it was ultimately the responsibility of web browsers to just, I don't know, read code the way it was supposed to be read.
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But even with putting all that aside, the reason the worm was able to exist also coincides with the attitudes of the internet that were present in 2005.
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In addition to mainstream websites giving users more customizability,
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people were still learning about the seemingly unlimited capabilities of computer viruses and this even applies today
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there are currently ways of hacking into entire corporations and causing destruction
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that haven't been discovered yet many people were hyper aware of the destructive worms made in the past
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but it takes time for most people to collectively learn more about it it is not something
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that happens overnight
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but is instead gradual after myspace shut down to remove the worm the site of course went back up
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and things went back to normal in fact
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so did sammy's life he never heard anything from myspace
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or the authorities no matter how much he looked over his
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shoulder his life went on as usual until six months later
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when the fbi showed up with search warrants in front of his brand new car at his apartment.
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They began searching through all his things and seized all his electronics.
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Sammy was now facing prison time, but eventually entered a plea agreement to pay $20 ,000, do 720 hours of community service,
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three years of probation, and could only use one computer that didn't have access to the internet.
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During that time, He just lived life, the kind of life that was typically enjoyed before computers were invented.
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And when his sentence was finally over, the first thing he did was buy a computer at the Apple store, went on the web for a few minutes,
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and then just turned it off and went to hang out with his friends.
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Sammy was quite the introvert whose main connection with people was through a computer screen.
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And although his sentence was hard at first, it gave him the opportunity to be more outgoing
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and meet some fascinating people in the real world this worm taught Sammy to literally go outside
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and touch grass CSS as an art form on social media sites eventually started to die out
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and a big reason for this was you guessed it mobile
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devices these types of web pages did not look nearly as glamorous on phones
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and tablets as much as they did on desktop and laptop computers
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and as the market share of mobile devices grew over the years and demand for mobile -friendly sites enter the picture,
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CSS -styled webpages were less needed and ultimately fell out of fashion.
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It's easy to point fingers at the Sammy worm for causing this, but really, it was the smartphones.
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So what did the Sammy virus give us today?
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Well, for one, the entire ordeal taught its creator how to use hacking ethically.
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Rather than using exploits to cause havoc,
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intentional or not, instead he can find exploits and programs and showcase to the developers what could happen if they go unnoticed.
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Sammy's career is now dedicated to helping organizations find and patch vulnerabilities present within their software.
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In addition, he would also become one of the main whistleblowers behind exposing big tech for collecting and tracking their users' data.
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In 2010, he would create an API known as Evercookie, a cookie that is meant to be extremely difficult to delete.
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This was created to illustrate just how capable websites can be in collecting your data, even if you go out of your way to avoid it,
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posing a huge issue on the matter of privacy.
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The Sammy Worm also existed during a time when online security was lacking, not just on MySpace, but in general.
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Around 80 to 90 % of sites at the time were vulnerable to some kind of cross -site scripting attack.
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10 years later, that number had dropped to 47%.
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If the Sammy worm hadn't existed, who knows what this number would be at.
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So yes, the Sammy virus was a lot more than just some practical joke.
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It spread awareness about the vulnerabilities of many seemingly secure platforms while indirectly pointing out the unethical practices of many large corporations.
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It serves as a cautionary tale for how anyone with just a computer
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and some code can impact the digital lives of millions of people, some of whom he'll meet, and those he'll never meet.
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There is no reason to feel insignificant.
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Everything you do has some kind of effect on the world.
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It is the strongest power that you have.
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So just remember to be careful with how you use it
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and make sure it's for the greater good because you might just accidentally shut down an entire website.
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Don't forget to download War Thunder using my link in the description to get access to some awesome content and plain fun.
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Thank you so much for watching.
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If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe and click the notification bell so that you never miss a future video.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 205 phrases et 3018 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 18:39. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 162 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots moins courants de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
- worm /wɝm/ (nom) — ver. A generally tubular invertebrate of the annelid phylum; an earthworm.
- thunder /ˈθʌndɚ/ (nom) — tonnerre. The loud rumbling, cracking, or crashing sound caused by expansion of rapidly heated air around a lightning bolt.
- exploit /ˈɛksplɔɪt/ (nom) — exploit. A heroic or extraordinary deed.
- virus /ˈvaɪ.ɹəs/ (nom) — virus. A submicroscopic, non-cellular structure that consists of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, that requires a living host cell to replicate, and…
- script /skɹɪpt/ (nom) — écrit. A writing; a written document.
- accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/ (adverbe) — accidentellement. In an accidental manner; by chance, unexpectedly.
- delete /dɪˈliːt/ (verbe) — supprimer. To remove, get rid of or erase, especially written or printed material, or data on a computer or other device.
- developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/ (nom) — concepteur, développeur. A person or entity engaged in the creation or improvement of certain classes of products.
- vulnerability /ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/ (nom) — vulnérabilité. The state of being vulnerable; susceptibility to attack or injury, either physical or emotional; the state or condition of being weak or poorly defended.
- naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ (adverbe) — naturellement. In a natural manner.
- everyday /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/ (adjectif) — usuel. Appropriate for ordinary use, rather than for special occasions.
- format /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ (nom) — format. The layout of a publication or document.
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (nom) — leçon. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
- collect /ˈkɑlɪkt/ (verbe) — rassembler, recueillir. To gather together; amass.
- log /lɔɡ/ (nom) — grume, tronc. The trunk of a dead tree, cleared of branches.
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
- shut down (verbe) — éteindre. To close, terminate, or end; to stop operating, either permanently or temporarily.
- get out (verbe) — sortir. To leave or escape.
- go ahead /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ (verbe) — vas-y, allez-y. To proceed with; to begin.
- go on /ˈɡoʊˌɒn/ (verbe) — continuer. To continue in extent.
- check out (verbe) — mater, regarder. To record the departure or withdrawal of someone or something (such as guests, employees, books, etc.).
- die out (verbe) — s'éteindre. To become extinct.
- figure out (verbe) — cerner. To come to understand; to discover or find a solution; to deduce.
- look at (verbe) — regarder. To observe or watch.
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 21 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, can't, didn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: thunder /ˈθʌndɚ/, therapist /ˈθɛɹəpɪst/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: destruction /dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/, interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːpɹəˈteɪʃən/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, showcase /ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs/, intentionally /ɪnˈtɛn(t)ʃənəli/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, vulnerability /ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme worm, thunder, exploit.
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | had been hijacked · been hacked · was faced |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | kid who accidentally · anyone who visited |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has evolved · has dropped · haven't been discovered |
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.