Pratique du Shadowing: Types of Transmission Line Structures and Their Components - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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This is a nice figure because it shows a lot of different structure types in one place.
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I just wanted to hit a couple high points here.
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In this figure, in general, you've got lower voltages up top, and then you've got higher voltages down at the bottom.
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Up at the top, I see some 115 kV and 230 kV structures, and then down at the bottom,
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they go up to 500 kV.
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As you get up into 500 kV, it's actually showing the towers are more substantial.
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They are taller.
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And at 115 kV, you don't need as much support.
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But up on the top line, we do see a couple H frames.
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And I don't talk about those in more detail here.
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But the H-frames in this particular drawing,
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they're wood, which is actually the transmission line that runs about a quarter mile away from my house,
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is wood H-frame at 230 kV.
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This one on the left, 115 kV, and over on the right, 230 kV.
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Also, I wanted to mention that these different structures that are shown right here,
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they will either be carrying one transmission line with three conductors or two transmission lines,
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in which case you will see the insulators for actually six conductors, because when you're looking at two three-phase lines,
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then you've got six conductors.
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So these, the ones that are shown here are either single line or double line construction.
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And of course, we see the H frames and then we see some monopole designs with just one pole.
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And then there are a number of lattice structures, lattice towers that are shown in this picture.
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And we actually looked at this tower in a previous lecture, so I will not go into great detail here,
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But a couple of things I didn't mention was that structures oftentimes will have a cross arm.
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And the cross arm, of course, supports the insulators, which then support the conductors themselves.
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And we had talked about the shield wires before for lightning protection.
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And the shield wires are connected to ground wires.
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And the ground wires are connected to ground, so they actually run to the base of the structure,
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and they'll be typically ground rods that the crews drill into the ground to establish that ground from the energized conductors.
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ground is a funny concept in electrical engineering
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and electrical systems you can think of it as being not energized although that's not always the case
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but ground is meant to be neutral or not energized like these phase conductors they have 230 kv 138 kv energized
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conductors and the ground is not supposed to be energized it's supposed to be safe
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Types of Transmission Line Structures and Their Components ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : ground, conductors, structure, energized, wires. Cette vidéo contient 32 phrases et 442 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:27. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 128 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 81 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| conductor nom | /kənˈdʌktɚ/ | chef d'orchestre |
| wire nom | /ˈwaɪɚ/ | fil |
| transmission nom | /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/ | transmission |
| connect verbe | /kəˈnɛkt/ | accoupler, connecter |
| shield nom | /ˈʃild/ | bouclier, écu |
| voltage nom | /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/ | tension, voltage |
| establish verbe | /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ | affermir, instaurer |
| substantial adjectif | /səbˈstænʃəl/ | substantiel |
| neutral adjectif | /ˈnuː.tɹəl/ | neutre |
| pole nom | /pəʊl/ | pôle |
| lightning nom | /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ | éclair, éloise |
| lecture nom | /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ | conférence, cours magistral |
| drill nom | /dɹɪl/ | foreuse, perceuse |
| insulator nom | /ˈɪn.s(j)ə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/ | isolateur |
| lattice nom | /ˈlæt.ɪs/ | treillis |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 9 contractions et formes réduites, comme you've, don't, didn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: transmission /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/, shield /ˈʃild/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, substantial /səbˈstænʃəl/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, insulator /ˈɪn.s(j)ə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: voltage /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/, lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/, energize /ˈɛnəd͡ʒaɪz/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: transmission /tɹænsˈmɪʃən/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, neutral /ˈnuː.tɹəl/, drill /dɹɪl/, insulator /ˈɪn.s(j)ə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme conductor, wire, transmission.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.