Pratique du Shadowing: What If You Lit a Match on Jupiter, Would The Planet Explode? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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What do you think of when you hear the word giant?

Niagara Falls, Mount Everest, or maybe the Andromeda galaxy?

There are four planets in our solar system that are called giants.

The largest of them is Jupiter.

To understand its size, imagine this.

All the inner planets, namely

Mercury, Venus, Mars, and our native

Earth, are only 0.4% of the mass of all the planets in the solar system.

Do you know how much of the total mass went to Jupiter?

71%.

That is, Jupiter is many times more massive than any other object in our planetary system.

But the most interesting thing is that

Jupiter is a ready-made thermonuclear bomb of monstrous power, and not just a piece of stone hanging in space.

This means it remains to be blown up properly.

The planet belongs to the so-called gas giants.

It's mainly composed of hydrogen and helium, just like our sun, which burns due to continuous thermonuclear reactions.

What if such a reaction were triggered on Jupiter?

If we ignited the combustible gases and dust in Jupiter's atmosphere with an ordinary match,

would the planet be engulfed in universal flames and would there be an explosion?

In fact, in the atmosphere of Jupiter, about 250,000 such matches are lit every second.

Or rather, meteors.

They're attracted to the planet from space and burn up in the atmosphere.

But this doesn't lead to ignition, because there's no free oxygen on the gas giant.

And fire doesn't burn without oxygen.

Try lighting a candle and covering it tightly with a glass flask.

You'll notice that after a few seconds, it goes out.

Because all the oxygen in the flask simply burns up.

Hydrogen, which makes up almost 90% of the planet, is explosive only in the presence of oxygen.

So we can't start a thermonuclear reaction with a normal match.

Jupiter simply doesn't have the kind of fire we're used to seeing on Earth.

If it could be set on fire, small meteors would have done so long ago.

But matches aren't the most technologically advanced invention of mankind.

We could try to start a thermonuclear reaction with something more powerful.

For example, a nuclear bomb.

In fact, we don't need to detonate a bomb on Jupiter to know what would happen.

Over the past 30 years, the planet has experienced such terrible disasters.

Even the most powerful nuclear warhead on Earth wouldn't be able to repeat them.

In 1994, astronomers, for the first time in history,

were able to record the collision of a large cosmic body with a planet in the solar system.

From the 16th to the 22nd of July, a veritable apocalypse was taking place on Jupiter.

21 fragments of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 hit the gas giant, causing severe surface disturbances.

In less than a week, the southern hemisphere of Jupiter was covered with traces of collisions.

The biggest disaster occurred on the morning of July 18th, after the largest fragment of the comet hit,

A dark spot with a diameter of 7,500 miles appeared on the planet.

This is only 450 miles less than the diameter of the Earth.

However, Jupiter was unharmed.

Astronomers observed explosions of up to 6 million megatons.

This is 750 times more powerful than an explosion of all the nuclear weapons that man has managed to create.

But the traces of the disaster disappeared from the surface of the giant planet within a week.

This isn't the only case of a bombardment of the surface of Jupiter by cosmic bodies.

In the year 2009, another object, presumably a comet, collided with the planet.

The impact caused a dark spot the size of the Pacific Ocean to appear on the surface.

But even this wasn't enough to start a chain thermonuclear reaction.

So, even if we sent all the nuclear bombs to Jupiter and detonated them, there would be no apocalypse.

However, there is one but.

There's a theory on the explosion of giant planets.

It says that humans could destroy

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune with their own hands.

If you organized a nuclear explosion not on the surface of the planet,

but deep inside it, you could start a chain thermonuclear reaction.

With that, after the explosion of Jupiter, humanity, in theory, would come to an end.

It's all about metallic hydrogen, which is stored under monstrous pressure in the bowels of giant planets.

If you're tormented by the question of what the ecological fuel of the future may be, the answer can be found inside hydrogen planets.

The fact is that during the transition of solid hydrogen to the usual molecular phase,

about 20 times more energy is released than when it's burned.

Having a very small fuel block of metallic hydrogen, it would be possible to provide energy to a whole house for several years.

A future where terminators live on self-sufficiently for hundreds of years may become a reality.

Although the existence of metallic hydrogen was predicted as early as the 1930s,

it was only possible to obtain it in extremely small quantities in 2016 by scientists at Harvard University.

However, their achievement was rather coldly received in the scientific community.

It was only recently that French physicists confirmed that solid hydrogen exists and can be produced on Earth.

However, for this, we have to create a pressure of 4 million atmospheres.

Let's go back to the explosion of Jupiter.

On September 21, 2003, NASA decided to sink the Galileo space probe into the planet's atmosphere.

On board the spacecraft were 26 pounds of radioactive plutonium-238,

though it only takes 22 pounds to start a chain reaction.

According to unconfirmed reports, an explosion occurred inside

Jupiter, which left a large black spot on its surface.

This is according to the American writer Richard Hoagland.

But, in fact, as NASA says, the shadow of the satellite fell into the frame of the telescope,

and it has nothing to do with the explosion.

At the same time, Richard himself is a supporter of various conspiracy theories, and often publishes provocative articles.

So draw your own conclusions.

In reality, Jupiter could still be blown up.

However, to do this, you would need to send a nuclear bomb the size of the moon to its core.

And purely hypothetically, a self-sustaining thermonuclear fusion reaction could occur.

From such an explosion, the gas giant would simply be blown apart, and there would be a large-scale catastrophe for the entire solar system.

Jupiter's explosion would be similar to a supernova explosion, but on a smaller scale.

A huge amount of thermal energy

and radiation would be released into outer space solar wind currents would be disrupted

and most planets would permanently change their orbits the earth as we know

it would cease to exist after the explosion

we would lose the ozone layer along with the rest of the atmosphere

and inevitably die from cosmic radiation

and in the sky for a long time the consequences of the explosion would be visible to the naked eye

but there would be no one to see the spectacle.

Only one question remains.

If Jupiter has so much hydrogen, why doesn't it turn into a star instead of remaining a planet?

This is because the mass of the gas giant remains too small for such a transformation.

100

Hydrogen in stars is in a plasma state.

101

That is, it's heated to extreme temperatures due to reactions in the core.

102

Jupiter could be a star if it were 80 times larger.

103

Then the temperature inside the planet would reach 18 million degrees Fahrenheit, and we would see another bright star in the sky.

104

One thing we know for sure, in our lifetime, no matter how hard we try, we won't be able to blow up Jupiter.

105

Therefore, don't be afraid to leave the house because of a supernova explosion.

106

It's better to wait until dark, take a small telescope

107

and look at the largest planet in the solar system with your own eyes and as always thank you for watching

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « What If You Lit a Match on Jupiter, Would The Planet Explode? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : Jupiter, planet, explosion, hydrogen, giant. Cette vidéo contient 106 phrases et 1327 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 9:54. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 134 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 78 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

Mot	Prononciation	Sens
explosion nom	/ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/	explosion
hydrogen nom	/ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/	hydrogène
atmosphere nom	/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/	atmosphère
oxygen nom	/ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/	oxygène
occur verbe	/əˈkɜː/	se produire, avoir lieu
disaster nom	/dɪˈzɑːs.təː/	désastre, catastrophe
metallic adjectif	/məˈtæl.ɪk/	métallique, métalisé
cosmic adjectif	/ˈkɑz.mɪk/	cosmique
comet nom	/ˈkɒmɪt/	comète
radiation nom	/ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/	radiation
trace nom	/tɹeɪs/	trace
diameter nom	/daɪˈæmɪdɚ/	diamètre
collision nom	/kəˈlɪʒn̩/	collision
telescope nom	/ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/	lunette, télescope
apocalypse nom	/əˈpɑkəlɪps/	apocalypse

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

Mot	Prononciation	Sens
blow up verbe		faire sauter
go out verbe		sortir
make up verbe	/ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/	constituer, composer

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

Structure	Dans la vidéo
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait	are called · be blown · were triggered
Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant	has experienced · has managed
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose	Hydrogen, which makes · hydrogen, which is

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 16 contractions et formes réduites, comme doesn't, don't, aren't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

Les sons « th »: thermal /ˈθɜːməl/, thermonuclear /ˌθɜɹ.moʊˈn(j)uk.li.əɹ/
Les sons « sh » et « zh »: explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, collision /kəˈlɪʒn̩/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/
Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/, apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

/h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/, humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, hemisphere /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/, helium /ˈhiː.li.əm/
/tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/, oxygen /ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/, achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/, ecological /ˌiːkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/
/r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/, atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/, radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, trace /tɹeɪs/, fragment /ˈfɹæɡmənt/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme explosion, hydrogen, atmosphere.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →

Pratique du Shadowing: What If You Lit a Match on Jupiter, Would The Planet Explode? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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