쉐도잉 연습: What If You Lit a Match on Jupiter, Would The Planet Explode? - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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What do you think of when you hear the word giant?
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Niagara Falls, Mount Everest, or maybe the Andromeda galaxy?
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There are four planets in our solar system that are called giants.
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The largest of them is Jupiter.
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To understand its size, imagine this.
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All the inner planets, namely
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Mercury, Venus, Mars, and our native
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Earth, are only 0.4% of the mass of all the planets in the solar system.
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Do you know how much of the total mass went to Jupiter?
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71%.
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That is, Jupiter is many times more massive than any other object in our planetary system.
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But the most interesting thing is that
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Jupiter is a ready-made thermonuclear bomb of monstrous power, and not just a piece of stone hanging in space.
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This means it remains to be blown up properly.
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The planet belongs to the so-called gas giants.
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It's mainly composed of hydrogen and helium, just like our sun, which burns due to continuous thermonuclear reactions.
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What if such a reaction were triggered on Jupiter?
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If we ignited the combustible gases and dust in Jupiter's atmosphere with an ordinary match,
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would the planet be engulfed in universal flames and would there be an explosion?
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In fact, in the atmosphere of Jupiter, about 250,000 such matches are lit every second.
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Or rather, meteors.
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They're attracted to the planet from space and burn up in the atmosphere.
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But this doesn't lead to ignition, because there's no free oxygen on the gas giant.
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And fire doesn't burn without oxygen.
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Try lighting a candle and covering it tightly with a glass flask.
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You'll notice that after a few seconds, it goes out.
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Because all the oxygen in the flask simply burns up.
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Hydrogen, which makes up almost 90% of the planet, is explosive only in the presence of oxygen.
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So we can't start a thermonuclear reaction with a normal match.
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Jupiter simply doesn't have the kind of fire we're used to seeing on Earth.
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If it could be set on fire, small meteors would have done so long ago.
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But matches aren't the most technologically advanced invention of mankind.
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We could try to start a thermonuclear reaction with something more powerful.
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For example, a nuclear bomb.
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In fact, we don't need to detonate a bomb on Jupiter to know what would happen.
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Over the past 30 years, the planet has experienced such terrible disasters.
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Even the most powerful nuclear warhead on Earth wouldn't be able to repeat them.
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In 1994, astronomers, for the first time in history,
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were able to record the collision of a large cosmic body with a planet in the solar system.
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From the 16th to the 22nd of July, a veritable apocalypse was taking place on Jupiter.
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21 fragments of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 hit the gas giant, causing severe surface disturbances.
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In less than a week, the southern hemisphere of Jupiter was covered with traces of collisions.
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The biggest disaster occurred on the morning of July 18th, after the largest fragment of the comet hit,
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A dark spot with a diameter of 7,500 miles appeared on the planet.
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This is only 450 miles less than the diameter of the Earth.
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However, Jupiter was unharmed.
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Astronomers observed explosions of up to 6 million megatons.
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This is 750 times more powerful than an explosion of all the nuclear weapons that man has managed to create.
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But the traces of the disaster disappeared from the surface of the giant planet within a week.
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This isn't the only case of a bombardment of the surface of Jupiter by cosmic bodies.
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In the year 2009, another object, presumably a comet, collided with the planet.
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The impact caused a dark spot the size of the Pacific Ocean to appear on the surface.
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But even this wasn't enough to start a chain thermonuclear reaction.
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So, even if we sent all the nuclear bombs to Jupiter and detonated them, there would be no apocalypse.
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However, there is one but.
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There's a theory on the explosion of giant planets.
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It says that humans could destroy
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Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune with their own hands.
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If you organized a nuclear explosion not on the surface of the planet,
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but deep inside it, you could start a chain thermonuclear reaction.
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With that, after the explosion of Jupiter, humanity, in theory, would come to an end.
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It's all about metallic hydrogen, which is stored under monstrous pressure in the bowels of giant planets.
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If you're tormented by the question of what the ecological fuel of the future may be, the answer can be found inside hydrogen planets.
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The fact is that during the transition of solid hydrogen to the usual molecular phase,
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about 20 times more energy is released than when it's burned.
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Having a very small fuel block of metallic hydrogen, it would be possible to provide energy to a whole house for several years.
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A future where terminators live on self-sufficiently for hundreds of years may become a reality.
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Although the existence of metallic hydrogen was predicted as early as the 1930s,
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it was only possible to obtain it in extremely small quantities in 2016 by scientists at Harvard University.
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However, their achievement was rather coldly received in the scientific community.
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It was only recently that French physicists confirmed that solid hydrogen exists and can be produced on Earth.
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However, for this, we have to create a pressure of 4 million atmospheres.
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Let's go back to the explosion of Jupiter.
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On September 21, 2003, NASA decided to sink the Galileo space probe into the planet's atmosphere.
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On board the spacecraft were 26 pounds of radioactive plutonium-238,
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though it only takes 22 pounds to start a chain reaction.
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According to unconfirmed reports, an explosion occurred inside
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Jupiter, which left a large black spot on its surface.
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This is according to the American writer Richard Hoagland.
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But, in fact, as NASA says, the shadow of the satellite fell into the frame of the telescope,
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and it has nothing to do with the explosion.
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At the same time, Richard himself is a supporter of various conspiracy theories, and often publishes provocative articles.
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So draw your own conclusions.
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In reality, Jupiter could still be blown up.
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However, to do this, you would need to send a nuclear bomb the size of the moon to its core.
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And purely hypothetically, a self-sustaining thermonuclear fusion reaction could occur.
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From such an explosion, the gas giant would simply be blown apart, and there would be a large-scale catastrophe for the entire solar system.
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Jupiter's explosion would be similar to a supernova explosion, but on a smaller scale.
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A huge amount of thermal energy
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and radiation would be released into outer space solar wind currents would be disrupted
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and most planets would permanently change their orbits the earth as we know
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it would cease to exist after the explosion
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we would lose the ozone layer along with the rest of the atmosphere
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and inevitably die from cosmic radiation
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and in the sky for a long time the consequences of the explosion would be visible to the naked eye
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but there would be no one to see the spectacle.
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Only one question remains.
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If Jupiter has so much hydrogen, why doesn't it turn into a star instead of remaining a planet?
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This is because the mass of the gas giant remains too small for such a transformation.
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Hydrogen in stars is in a plasma state.
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That is, it's heated to extreme temperatures due to reactions in the core.
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Jupiter could be a star if it were 80 times larger.
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Then the temperature inside the planet would reach 18 million degrees Fahrenheit, and we would see another bright star in the sky.
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One thing we know for sure, in our lifetime, no matter how hard we try, we won't be able to blow up Jupiter.
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Therefore, don't be afraid to leave the house because of a supernova explosion.
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It's better to wait until dark, take a small telescope
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and look at the largest planet in the solar system with your own eyes and as always thank you for watching
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “What If You Lit a Match on Jupiter, Would The Planet Explode?”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: Jupiter, planet, explosion, hydrogen, giant. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 106개와 단어 1327개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 9:54입니다. 화자는 분당 약 134단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 78%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| explosion 명사 | /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/ | 폭발 |
| hydrogen 명사 | /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ | 수소 |
| atmosphere 명사 | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | 대기, 대기권 |
| oxygen 명사 | /ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/ | 산소 |
| occur 동사 | /əˈkɜː/ | 일어나다, 발생하다 |
| disaster 명사 | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | 재난, 재앙 |
| cosmic 형용사 | /ˈkɑz.mɪk/ | 우주의 |
| comet 명사 | /ˈkɒmɪt/ | 혜성 |
| radiation 명사 | /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/ | 방사, 폭사 |
| trace 명사 | /tɹeɪs/ | 흔적, 자국 |
| diameter 명사 | /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/ | 지름, 직경 |
| collision 명사 | /kəˈlɪʒn̩/ | 충돌 |
| telescope 명사 | /ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/ | 망원경 |
| apocalypse 명사 | /əˈpɑkəlɪps/ | 묵시 |
| fragment 명사 | /ˈfɹæɡmənt/ | 조각, 파편 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| blow up 동사 | 폭파하다 |
| go out 동사 | 나가다 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | are called · be blown · were triggered |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | has experienced · has managed |
| 관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보 | Hydrogen, which makes · hydrogen, which is |
주의할 발음
화자는 doesn't, don't, aren't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 16번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: thermal /ˈθɜːməl/, thermonuclear /ˌθɜɹ.moʊˈn(j)uk.li.əɹ/
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, collision /kəˈlɪʒn̩/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/, apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/, fragment /ˈfɹæɡmənt/, confirm /kənˈfɝm/, lifetime /ˈlaɪf.taɪm/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/, achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/, cosmic /ˈkɑz.mɪk/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, explosion, hydrogen, atmosphere 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.