تدريب Shadowing: What If You Lit a Match on Jupiter, Would The Planet Explode? - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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كل وضع يفتح غرفة تدريب بملء الشاشة.

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What do you think of when you hear the word giant?

ما الذي يخطر ببالك عندما تسمع كلمة عملاق؟

Niagara Falls, Mount Everest, or maybe the Andromeda galaxy?

There are four planets in our solar system that are called giants.

The largest of them is Jupiter.

أكبرها هو كوكب المشتري.

To understand its size, imagine this.

لفهم حجمه، تخيل هذا.

All the inner planets, namely

Mercury, Venus, Mars, and our native

Earth, are only 0.4% of the mass of all the planets in the solar system.

Do you know how much of the total mass went to Jupiter?

71%.

That is, Jupiter is many times more massive than any other object in our planetary system.

أي أن كتلة المشتري أكبر بعدة مرات من كتلة أي جسم آخر في نظامنا الكوكبي.

But the most interesting thing is that

لكن الشيء الأكثر إثارة للاهتمام هو أن

Jupiter is a ready-made thermonuclear bomb of monstrous power, and not just a piece of stone hanging in space.

كوكب المشتري هو قنبلة نووية حرارية جاهزة ذات قوة هائلة، وليس مجرد قطعة صخر معلقة في الفضاء.

This means it remains to be blown up properly.

هذا يعني أنه لا يزال يتعين تضخيمه بشكل صحيح.

The planet belongs to the so-called gas giants.

ينتمي الكوكب إلى ما يسمى بالعمالقة الغازية.

It's mainly composed of hydrogen and helium, just like our sun, which burns due to continuous thermonuclear reactions.

يتكون بشكل أساسي من الهيدروجين والهيليوم، تماماً مثل شمسنا التي تحترق نتيجة التفاعلات النووية الحرارية المستمرة.

What if such a reaction were triggered on Jupiter?

ماذا لو تم تفعيل مثل هذا التفاعل على كوكب المشتري؟

If we ignited the combustible gases and dust in Jupiter's atmosphere with an ordinary match,

إذا أشعلنا الغازات والغبار القابلة للاحتراق في غلاف كوكب المشتري الجوي باستخدام عود ثقاب عادي،

would the planet be engulfed in universal flames and would there be an explosion?

هل سيُغمر الكوكب بنيران كونية وسيحدث انفجار؟

In fact, in the atmosphere of Jupiter, about 250,000 such matches are lit every second.

في الواقع، في غلاف كوكب المشتري الجوي، تُشعل حوالي 250 ألفًا من هذه الصواعق كل ثانية.

Or rather, meteors.

أو بالأحرى، نيازك.

They're attracted to the planet from space and burn up in the atmosphere.

But this doesn't lead to ignition, because there's no free oxygen on the gas giant.

And fire doesn't burn without oxygen.

Try lighting a candle and covering it tightly with a glass flask.

You'll notice that after a few seconds, it goes out.

Because all the oxygen in the flask simply burns up.

Hydrogen, which makes up almost 90% of the planet, is explosive only in the presence of oxygen.

So we can't start a thermonuclear reaction with a normal match.

Jupiter simply doesn't have the kind of fire we're used to seeing on Earth.

If it could be set on fire, small meteors would have done so long ago.

But matches aren't the most technologically advanced invention of mankind.

We could try to start a thermonuclear reaction with something more powerful.

For example, a nuclear bomb.

In fact, we don't need to detonate a bomb on Jupiter to know what would happen.

Over the past 30 years, the planet has experienced such terrible disasters.

Even the most powerful nuclear warhead on Earth wouldn't be able to repeat them.

In 1994, astronomers, for the first time in history,

were able to record the collision of a large cosmic body with a planet in the solar system.

From the 16th to the 22nd of July, a veritable apocalypse was taking place on Jupiter.

21 fragments of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 hit the gas giant, causing severe surface disturbances.

In less than a week, the southern hemisphere of Jupiter was covered with traces of collisions.

The biggest disaster occurred on the morning of July 18th, after the largest fragment of the comet hit,

A dark spot with a diameter of 7,500 miles appeared on the planet.

This is only 450 miles less than the diameter of the Earth.

However, Jupiter was unharmed.

Astronomers observed explosions of up to 6 million megatons.

This is 750 times more powerful than an explosion of all the nuclear weapons that man has managed to create.

But the traces of the disaster disappeared from the surface of the giant planet within a week.

This isn't the only case of a bombardment of the surface of Jupiter by cosmic bodies.

In the year 2009, another object, presumably a comet, collided with the planet.

The impact caused a dark spot the size of the Pacific Ocean to appear on the surface.

But even this wasn't enough to start a chain thermonuclear reaction.

So, even if we sent all the nuclear bombs to Jupiter and detonated them, there would be no apocalypse.

However, there is one but.

There's a theory on the explosion of giant planets.

It says that humans could destroy

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune with their own hands.

If you organized a nuclear explosion not on the surface of the planet,

but deep inside it, you could start a chain thermonuclear reaction.

With that, after the explosion of Jupiter, humanity, in theory, would come to an end.

It's all about metallic hydrogen, which is stored under monstrous pressure in the bowels of giant planets.

If you're tormented by the question of what the ecological fuel of the future may be, the answer can be found inside hydrogen planets.

The fact is that during the transition of solid hydrogen to the usual molecular phase,

about 20 times more energy is released than when it's burned.

Having a very small fuel block of metallic hydrogen, it would be possible to provide energy to a whole house for several years.

A future where terminators live on self-sufficiently for hundreds of years may become a reality.

Although the existence of metallic hydrogen was predicted as early as the 1930s,

it was only possible to obtain it in extremely small quantities in 2016 by scientists at Harvard University.

However, their achievement was rather coldly received in the scientific community.

It was only recently that French physicists confirmed that solid hydrogen exists and can be produced on Earth.

However, for this, we have to create a pressure of 4 million atmospheres.

Let's go back to the explosion of Jupiter.

On September 21, 2003, NASA decided to sink the Galileo space probe into the planet's atmosphere.

On board the spacecraft were 26 pounds of radioactive plutonium-238,

though it only takes 22 pounds to start a chain reaction.

According to unconfirmed reports, an explosion occurred inside

Jupiter, which left a large black spot on its surface.

This is according to the American writer Richard Hoagland.

But, in fact, as NASA says, the shadow of the satellite fell into the frame of the telescope,

and it has nothing to do with the explosion.

At the same time, Richard himself is a supporter of various conspiracy theories, and often publishes provocative articles.

So draw your own conclusions.

In reality, Jupiter could still be blown up.

However, to do this, you would need to send a nuclear bomb the size of the moon to its core.

And purely hypothetically, a self-sustaining thermonuclear fusion reaction could occur.

From such an explosion, the gas giant would simply be blown apart, and there would be a large-scale catastrophe for the entire solar system.

Jupiter's explosion would be similar to a supernova explosion, but on a smaller scale.

A huge amount of thermal energy

and radiation would be released into outer space solar wind currents would be disrupted

and most planets would permanently change their orbits the earth as we know

it would cease to exist after the explosion

we would lose the ozone layer along with the rest of the atmosphere

and inevitably die from cosmic radiation

and in the sky for a long time the consequences of the explosion would be visible to the naked eye

but there would be no one to see the spectacle.

Only one question remains.

If Jupiter has so much hydrogen, why doesn't it turn into a star instead of remaining a planet?

This is because the mass of the gas giant remains too small for such a transformation.

100

Hydrogen in stars is in a plasma state.

101

That is, it's heated to extreme temperatures due to reactions in the core.

102

Jupiter could be a star if it were 80 times larger.

103

Then the temperature inside the planet would reach 18 million degrees Fahrenheit, and we would see another bright star in the sky.

104

One thing we know for sure, in our lifetime, no matter how hard we try, we won't be able to blow up Jupiter.

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Therefore, don't be afraid to leave the house because of a supernova explosion.

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It's better to wait until dark, take a small telescope

107

and look at the largest planet in the solar system with your own eyes and as always thank you for watching

تنزيل التطبيق

كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة

تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة

تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت

المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات

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فيديو موصى به

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة مبني على الفيديو “What If You Lit a Match on Jupiter, Would The Planet Explode?”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: Jupiter, planet, explosion, hydrogen, giant. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 106 جملة و1327 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 9:54. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 134 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 78% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمة	النطق	المعنى
explosion اسم	/ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/	اِنْفِجَار, تَفْجِير
hydrogen اسم	/ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/	هَيْدُرُوجِين, هِيدْرُوجِين
atmosphere اسم	/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/	جَو, غِلَاف جَوِّيّ
oxygen اسم	/ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/	أُكْسِجِين
occur فعل	/əˈkɜː/	حَدَثَ, وَقَعَ
disaster اسم	/dɪˈzɑːs.təː/	كَارِثَة, مُصِيبَة
cosmic صفة	/ˈkɑz.mɪk/	كَوْنِيّ, فَضَائِيّ
comet اسم	/ˈkɒmɪt/	مُذَنَّب
radiation اسم	/ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/	إِشْعَاع
trace اسم	/tɹeɪs/	أَثَر
diameter اسم	/daɪˈæmɪdɚ/	قُطْر
collision اسم	/kəˈlɪʒn̩/	تَصَادُّم, اِصْطِدَام
telescope اسم	/ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/	تِلِسْكُوب, مِقْرَاب
apocalypse اسم	/əˈpɑkəlɪps/	الْقِيَامَة, نِهَايَةُ الْعَالَم
fragment اسم	/ˈfɹæɡmənt/	قِطْعَة, شَقَفَة

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

الكلمة	المعنى
go out فعل	خَرَجَ

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيب	في الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله	are called · be blown · were triggered
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن	has experienced · has managed
جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء	Hydrogen, which makes · hydrogen, which is

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 16 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل doesn't, don't, aren't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

أصوات “th”: thermal /ˈθɜːməl/, thermonuclear /ˌθɜɹ.moʊˈn(j)uk.li.əɹ/
أصوات “sh” و“zh”: explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, collision /kəˈlɪʒn̩/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/
الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/, apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

/p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, pound /ˈpaʊ̯nd/, telescope /ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/, apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/, conspiracy /kənˈspɪɹəsi/
/v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/, achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/
تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, pound /ˈpaʊ̯nd/, trace /tɹeɪs/, apocalypse /əˈpɑkəlɪps/, fragment /ˈfɹæɡmənt/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل explosion, hydrogen, atmosphere.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

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تدريب Shadowing: What If You Lit a Match on Jupiter, Would The Planet Explode? - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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