Shadowing Practice: Extreme Weather Science: Tornadoes, Hurricanes & Storms - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
164 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
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Wow!
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Did you hear that?
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What a hit!
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That was lightning!
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Thanks.
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I really got into the swing.
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No, I mean real lightning.
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We have to get in the house.
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How come we have to go in the house when it's lightning outside?
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Who do we ask for help when we have questions?
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Da -da -da -da!
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Maggie the Magnifying Glass!
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I'm Maggie, Maggie, I help to make things clear.
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Just look through my looking glass and answers will appear.
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I'm Maggie, Maggie, come and let's explore.
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And we'll discover lots of things you never knew before.
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I'm Maggie!
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How come we have to go in the house when it's lightning outside?
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Anytime you hear thunder or see lightning, you need to look for a safe place to be.
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Lightning and thunderstorms are a type of dangerous and powerful weather.
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Powerful weather storms take place all over the world every day.
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Would you like to find out more about storms?
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If so, we can go on a little adventure together!
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Would you like to learn about powerful weather, too?
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You would?
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Me, too!
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Yippee -skippee!
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Let's go!
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Don't forget your journal!
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Oh, yeah!
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Got it!
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My terrific scientific journal!
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Bring yours along, too!
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What are storms?
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Storms are a combination of weather that together make a powerful weather pattern.
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Storms can happen in warm weather and cold weather too.
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Some types of storms are blizzards, thunderstorms, tornadoes, and hurricanes.
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storms are a part of weather
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and all weather starts with sun weather gets its energy from the sun the sun heats up the earth's surface
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that warms up the air in the atmosphere warm air weighs less than cool air
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so the warm air rises or moves up When the warm air moves up,
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cool air, which weighs more than the warm air, sinks or moves down and replaces the warm air.
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Now, as the warm air moves up, it cools off, then begins to sink.
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This movement of air, warm air rising, cool air sinking, is an important part of making weather.
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All storms are created by two opposing weather patterns that collide.
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When they collide, it creates energy.
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The more energy, the more powerful the storm can be.
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I'm going to write that down in my journal.
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Storms are a severe form of weather and happen every day all over the world.
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Weather gets energy from the sun.
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Got it!
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What are thunderstorms?
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Let's talk about thunderstorms.
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Thunderstorms are a type of storm that has rain, thunder, lightning, and sometimes hail.
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Thunderstorms happen in places that are warm and humid.
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Like most weather, thunderstorms get their energy from the sun.
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On a hot summer day, the sun heats up the Earth's land and water.
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The Earth's surface heats up the air.
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The warm air rises, colder air sinks.
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The sun heats a body of water like an ocean.
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The water evaporates or turns into steam or vapor and then travels up into the sky.
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Then the water vapors become cooler and come together, collecting in clouds.
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Rain clouds are caused by the build -up of water droplets or solid ice ice crystals.
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The clouds get heavy and water falls back to the earth as precipitation,
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rain, hail, sleet, or snow.
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Okay, but what causes the lightning and what causes the thunder?
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I was wondering the same thing.
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Excellent question.
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What causes lightning and thunder?
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Here's what happens.
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Well, inside the cloud, strong air currents cause the air molecules to rub up against each other.
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This causes static electricity.
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Have you ever rubbed your feet on the floor wearing socks?
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Touched a doorknob and filled a shock?
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That's static electricity!
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And that's sort of what happens in a thunderstorm.
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Sometimes lightning can happen inside the cloud when an arc of electricity is created because of the difference of electrical charges.
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Lightning that happens inside clouds is called sheet lightning.
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Lightning can also happen because of the earth.
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The earth is positively charged.
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This can attract lightning.
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In this situation, an arc of electricity can strike, and the Earth answers with a return stroke.
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When lightning occurs, it can heat up the air to thousands of degrees.
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This causes the air to expand rapidly.
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This causes a huge shockwave we call thunder.
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When you see lightning and hear thunder, you should try to get indoors.
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You can always find safety in a car.
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Stay away from trees, towers, water, or any metal objects.
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I'm going to write that down in my journal.
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So, thunderstorms start with clouds.
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Static electricity causes lightning.
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Thunder happens when the lightning heats up the surrounding air.
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Got it!
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What are tornadoes?
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Sometimes large -scale thunderstorms called supercells can create a tornado.
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Thunderstorms form when warm, humid air rises upward.
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This is called an updraft.
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As the warm air rises, the cooler air begins to fall.
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When it touches down, that's when a tornado is created.
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Tornadoes come in different shapes and sizes.
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Powerful tornadoes can demolish buildings and carry houses, cars and trucks in the air.
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A tornado can destroy just about anything it touches.
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I'm going to write that down in my journal.
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Tornadoes are made from supercells or heavy thunderstorms.
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Got it!
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What are hurricanes?
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Hurricanes are another kind of powerful storm.
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It's a large, swirling storm.
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that produces lots of rain and very high winds.
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Hurricanes form over very warm parts of the ocean.
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Here's what happens.
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When high winds coming from opposite directions meet, they begin to rotate.
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The high winds can cause very high waves and rough seas.
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water vapor rises quickly
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and adds more power to the storm the longer it moves
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across the ocean the stronger the hurricane becomes in the center
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of the hurricane is a low -pressure area called the eye of the hurricane when the storm reaches land,
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the storm can begin to die down.
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But it also pushes water to the shore.
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This push of water is called a surge, or storm surge.
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The surge can cause terrible floods.
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Hurricanes produce lots of rain and high winds.
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Hurricanes can cause a storm surge that can cause floods.
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Got it.
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What are blizzards?
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Winter months can bring snowstorms, sleet, and freezing rain.
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But the most powerful winter storm is called a blizzard.
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Like all storms, blizzards can be very dangerous.
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Blizzards combine heavy snowfall, severe cold, blowing snow and wind.
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Blizzards make travel almost impossible.
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Many times roads and airports are shut down because of a blizzard.
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What makes a blizzard?
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Excellent question!
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Blizzards form when very cold air clashes with very warm moist air.
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The warm air is lifted up over the cold air.
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Where these two masses of air meet is called a front.
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This interaction of cold and warm air colliding can cause precipitation.
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Rain, hail, sleet, or snow For snow to fall,
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it must be cold enough in the clouds and on the ground.
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If the air is too warm, the snow will melt on its way down and change to rain, or freezing rain.
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Freezing rain happens when the temperatures on the Earth's surface are below freezing.
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The raindrops become supercooled.
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The result is ice that can accumulate on trees, wires, cars, and more.
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Freezing rain can cause travel problems on the roads and cause airports to be shut down.
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Cold weather storms can be very dangerous.
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Oh, I get it.
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Blizzards are severe winter storms.
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They form when warm and cold air collide.
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Got it!
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Thanks, Maggie!
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You're very, very welcome.
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Today I learned a lot about storms.
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I hope you did, too.
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These are the notes I took in my journal.
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Storms are a powerful form of weather and happen every day all over the world.
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Weather gets energy from the sun.
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Thunderstorms happen in places that are warm and humid.
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Tornadoes are made from supercells or heavy thunderstorms.
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Hurricanes produce lots of rain and high winds.
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Hurricanes can cause a storm surge that can cause floods.
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Blizzards are severe winter storms.
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Learning about storms is fun.
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Let's go on another scientific adventure real soon.
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Bye! So long!
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה A2 מבוסס על הסרטון “Extreme Weather Science: Tornadoes, Hurricanes & Storms”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: storm, warm, lightning, weather, thunderstorm. בסרטון הזה יש 164 משפטים ו-1350 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 13:27. הדובר מדבר לאט, כ-100 מילים בדקה, כך שיש זמן לחקות כל צליל. 78% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית; כדאי ללמוד את השאר לפני שמתחילים.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 מילים מהסרטון שכדאי ללמוד, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| lightning שם עצם | /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ | בָּרָק |
| cloud שם עצם | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | עָנָן, עָב |
| thunder שם עצם | /ˈθʌndɚ/ | רַעַם |
| freeze פועל | /ˈfɹiːz/ | קָפָא |
| flood שם עצם | /flʌd/ | מַבּוּל, שיטפון \ שִׁטָּפוֹן |
| hail שם עצם | /heɪl/ | בָּרָד |
| vapor שם עצם | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | אֵד |
| humid שם תואר | /ˈhjuːmɪd/ | לַח |
| adventure שם עצם | /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/ | הַרְפַּתְקָה |
| weigh פועל | /weɪ/ | שקל |
| precipitation שם עצם | /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/ | משקעים |
| atmosphere שם עצם | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | אטמוספירה \ אַטְמוֹסְפֶרָה |
| wire שם עצם | /ˈwaɪɚ/ | חוּט |
| crystal שם עצם | /ˈkɹɪstəl/ | גָּבִישׁ |
| sheet שם עצם | /ʃit/ | דַּף, גִּלָּיוֹן |
Phrasal verbs שתשמעו
| מילה | משמעות |
|---|---|
| cool off פועל | הִצְטַנֵּן |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- Did you hear that?
- Who do we ask for help when we have questions?
- Would you like to find out more about storms?
- Would you like to learn about powerful weather, too?
- I'm going to write that down in my journal.
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | are created · are caused · is created |
| חובה: must / have to / need to להביע שדבר מה הוא הכרחי או חובה | have to get · have to go · need to look |
| עתיד עם “going to” be going to + verb — תכנון לעתיד או משהו שנראה שעומד לקרות | I'm going to write |
| עתיד עם “will” will + verb — החלטה, הבטחה או ניבוי לגבי העתיד | will appear · we'll discover · will melt |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-9 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו I'm, don't, we'll. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “th”: thunder /ˈθʌndɚ/, thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, shock /ʃɔk/, sheet /ʃit/, shore /ʃɔɹ/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, positively /ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: weigh /weɪ/, wire /ˈwaɪɚ/, swing /ˈswɪŋ/, upward /ˈʌpwɚd/, swirl /swɝl/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: static /ˈstæt.ɪk/, atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/, expand /ɪkˈspænd/, rapidly /ˈɹæpɪdli/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: hurricane /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/, tornado /tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/, electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, precipitation /pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn̩/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט במהירות רגילה, וחזרו על כל משפט עד שהקצב שלכם תואם את הדובר.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו lightning, cloud, thunder.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.