Shadowing Practice: How to understand Australians | Slang Words & Expressions - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
145 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
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Ah Australia, the world's largest island.
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The smallest continent. A big rock.
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And a very pretty harbour.
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You should definitely visit if you have the chance.
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You absolutely should.
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I'm Emma from mmmEnglish and I'm also Australian.
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Here on YouTube, you are always asking me about where I'm from so I guess I don't say it enough.
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But here in Australia, we speak English with a distinctly Australian accent which has some unique features, some that are similar to British English and others that are more closely aligned with American English pronunciation.
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But for most people who come to visit, whether they're an English speaker or not, they're confused or they're dumbfounded, surprised by our slang vocabulary.
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So in this video, I'm gonna share forty slang expressions that you need to know if you plan to move here, to visit here, to study here, or even if you're just hanging out with some Australians in some other part of the world.
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This lesson will help to reveal that mysterious secret slang language that Australians use to communicate.
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A little history lesson first. Australia is a British colony so our grammar rules and our spelling rules are the same as British English and that means they're a little different from American English.
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Our sense of humour is also quite similar to Brits, even some of our slang words are the same.
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That sense of humour is dry, it's sarcastic.
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It can sometimes take a little bit of getting used to, especially because with sarcasm, it often involves saying one thing but the tone and the body language is completely opposite, you know, like a joke that's said with a completely straight face so it's really hard to know if they're actually joking or not.
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We are generally pretty easygoing people, you know, we definitely don't take ourselves too seriously.
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In fact, we're usually laughing at ourselves, making fun of our mates, joking around.
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So in Australia, if an Australian is making fun of you, quite often it means that they actually like you, it's a weird way of showing affection.
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The best thing that you can do is make an Australian laugh, you will be mates for life.
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Now a mate is a friend, right? This is one of the most important words to an Australian.
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It's usually an affectionate word, you know, meaning friend but mate can also be your partner, your brother, your sister, your son, your daughter, your friend, your colleague and a mate can also be a total stranger.
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Anyone can be called mate, right?
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Mate, how are you?
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Cool, I will catch you later mate.
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It's super friendly.
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But with a shift in tone, it can also be used to confront someone about a problem.
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Listen, mate, we need to talk about this.
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Mate, calm down I'm not trying to start an argument.
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In fact, the Australian police usually walk up to any situation and start with "Hey mate" like friend, relax. I'm here to help.
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Now I know this concept of mate and mate, it could be really confusing, right?
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But try to use facial expression and tone as a guide, you know, is it friendly? Is it serious?
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If you're doing the wrong thing and someone walks up to you and says "Mate, what do you think you're doing?" you know, they're pissed off right and that's Australian for annoyed.
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Now a lot of slang words in Australia follow a really similar pattern.
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You take the original word and you shorten it and then you add either EEE, AHH or OH at the end.
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Now this is really, really common.
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These words are really commonly used all the way across Australia, across all levels of society.
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You'll hear the Prime Minister using these words along with a truck driver that's driving across the Nullarbor which is the big dirt patch in the middle of Australia.
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Now there are literally hundreds of funny words like this and that can be really intimidating to try and learn but the ones that I'm including in this video are ones that I use regularly myself, ones that I hear people use, my friends, my colleagues, my family.
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They use them all the time.
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Or ones that regularly come up in the media because these ones are all relevant, current, slang words to learn right?
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And if you look up Australian slang on a whole bunch of websites, it might be quite funny to read all of these random words but actually not a lot of them really get used anymore, you know, they're sort of from a few decades ago.
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In Australia, we are big fans of footy but not this type of footy, that's soccer.
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This is Australian football, footy.
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Now I want you to really pay attention to that flap T sound, it sounds more like a D, right? Footy.
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If you're moving to Melbourne in particular, one of the first things that you'll need to do is pick a footy team.
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Okay this question will get asked of you probably often.
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So get amongst it, go to a couple of games, even if it's just to say that you did, it's a really good place to start to understand Australian culture.
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Barbie is a barbecue.
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Snags, sausages.
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Arvo, afternoon.
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We're gonna throw some snags on the barbie on Saturday arvo! Come round.
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And that really just means we're going to cook some sausages on the barbecue on Saturday afternoon come over.
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Avo, avocado.
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Brekkie, breakfast.
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Avo on toast is a very common breakfast meal at cafes in Australia.
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It seemed to be the reason why young Australians can't actually save enough money to buy a house because they keep spending all their money on going out for breakfast and having avo on toast.
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So avo is a very common thing to eat for breakfast.
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It's definitely also common at brunch.
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Now brunch is a meal between breakfast and lunch, common in Australia but in other English speaking countries too. Now it's not in addition to those meals, it usually replaces one or the other.
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Usually on weekends when lots of people have a sleep in, maybe they wake up later.
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So on Saturday and Sunday in Australia you would definitely see a lot of people out for brunch on the weekend.
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Alright let's talk about some places now. So McDonald's is called Maccas.
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Now if anyone asks you to do a Maccas run, it means go out and pick up McDonald's and bring it back for everyone.
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Or you might say "I'm just waiting on the corner near Maccas" Now uni is university, uni.
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What did you study at uni?
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How's uni going?
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This is incredibly common.
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If you're planning to study in Australia, really the only time that you're going to hear the word 'university' is in formal context.
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Everyone else is gonna talk about uni.
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So that's university.
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The servo is a service station or a petrol station.
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Now in America the fuel that goes in your car is called gas but you won't hear people in Australia calling it gas. We call it petrol.
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So this place is a petrol station or a service station, a place to service your car hence the servo.
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I need to stop at the servo on the way.
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means I need to stop and get some petrol.
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The bottle-o.
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The bottle-o is a bottle shop or a liquor store, a shop that sells alcohol.
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In Australia, places where you can buy alcohol are strictly regulated so you can't buy alcohol at a 7-Eleven like you can in some countries.
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You have to go to the bottle shop, the bottle-o.
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Hey I'm gonna stop at the bottle-o on the way, let me know if you need me to pick something up.
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Now while we're on the subject, Australians love a drink and one of the best places to sit and to observe Australian life is in a pub, at the beach or at the pub.
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It's a really social space and a great space to strike up a conversation with someone and to have a chat.
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But I wanted to share a few more words that you might need.
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So a slab is a carton of beer, usually a twenty-four pack of beer right in a box.
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A tinny is a can of beer.
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A stubby is a bottle of beer.
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And a stubby cooler, one of these hideous things is used to keep your stubby or your tinny cold during the long hot Australian summers.
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These are tourist souvenirs that you can get in any servo, anywhere around Australia and you can collect all of the ugliest ones that you can find and keep them as souvenirs of your time in Australia.
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This one's from the Nanutarra Road House.
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It's got a goanna, a road train and an eagle.
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Every Australian has at least twenty of them stuffed in random places around their house and generally the gaudier, the uglier, the better.
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And an esky is what you need to take to the park to keep your drinks and your food cooling so it's like an insulated box where you put ice and keep your drinks cool, that's an esky.
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Lotto is the lottery.
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The most I've ever won on a lotto ticket is about fifty bucks.
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And bucks is slang for dollars.
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If I catch an uber home from the city, it usually costs me about thirty bucks.
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Ripper is a good expression when something's going well or it's good like "ah ripper!" You could say "You little Ripper!" when something's really good.
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You've got great news. Or you could say "Bloody ripper!" when something's really great like when you win the lotto.
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Bloody ripper!
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What a great day!
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In Australia, many, many, many suburbs and place names are also shortened too.
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So Brissie is Brisbane.
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Tassie is Tasmania Sandy is Sandringham.
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Freo is Fremantle.
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Rotto is Rottnest Island in WA.
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The Goldie is the Gold Coast in Queensland.
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The G is the MCG, famous sports ground in Melbourne.
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And if there are any Australians watching and you can think of others, please let me know in the comments, hit me up.
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There are so many of these, the list is way too long to continue with here.
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But the point is that if you hear a word that you don't recognise, it's totally okay to ask, you know.
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Australians know that not everyone understands our slang way of you know, referring to things, especially place names.
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So if you're not sure, just ask.
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Another really important place is the loo, the toilet.
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So the dunny used to be a very Australian expression but it's rarely used now. Lots of random Australian slang websites include it because it's funny but don't bother learning it and actually using it.
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Nobody does it.
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So people who are involved in construction work are often called tradespeople. They're the skilled people who also come to your house to fix things when they break.
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Now in Australia, of course, we have shortened the names for all of these people.
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Starting with tradie. Now tradie is a tradesman.
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It's a really general word for everyone who works in that type of industry.
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But specifically a brickie is a bricklayer.
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A sparkie is an electrician.
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A chippie is a carpenter.
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And this kind of continues into all other types of work as well.
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A truckie is a truck driver.
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A poli is a politician and you'll often hear this used in Australian media when talking about politicians.
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A sickie is a sick day.
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But not a real sick day.
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I don't know if this happens much in your country but a sickie is when you take a day off work but you're not actually sick.
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Maybe it's because the weather's really nice and you want to go fishing with your mates.
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This is called chucking a sickie or pulling a sickie.
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What else is there?
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Info is information. Intro is introduction.
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And I think those two are pretty commonly used across lots of different English-speaking countries but in Australia we definitely love it because we love those shortened versions.
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A mo, the moustache.
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A roo is a kangaroo.
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Mozzie is a mosquito. I hate those guys!
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For some reason they always come after me so I am always taking mozzie spray with me everywhere I go in summer.
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This insect repellent is called mozzie spray in Australia.
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Anyway that is a solid list of relevant Australian slang words to learn and even if you don't use them yourself, just becoming familiar with them is going to help you to understand Australian native English speakers so much more easily.
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Now you might even be able to think of some others so let me know in the comments if you've got some other ideas and suggestions.
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But also if you've got some questions about how these words are regularly used or maybe you've heard of another slang word and you're not sure about the meaning or if it's commonly used, let me know in the comments. I'd be happy to jump down and answer your questions there.
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Now I know it's unlikely that you'll be travelling to Australia anytime soon but if you want to follow me on my adventures in Australia, well make sure you come check out my Instagram account here.
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I'm gonna be heading up north on a camping trip in a couple of months and I'm really excited to share my beautiful country with you and take you along for the journey so come check it out if you want to come along.
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Otherwise, I will see you in the next lesson.
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See you there!
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B1 מבוסס על הסרטון “How to understand Australians”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: Australian, Australia, word, mate, slang. בסרטון הזה יש 145 משפטים ו-2301 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 15:36. הדובר שומר על קצב יציב של כ-148 מילים בדקה, קצב נוח לתרגול Shadowing. 83% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית; כדאי ללמוד את השאר לפני שמתחילים.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| shorten פועל | /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/ | קיצר |
| brunch שם עצם | /bɹʌnt͡ʃ/ | בוהריים |
| buck שם עצם | /ˈbʌk/ | אַיָּל |
| souvenir שם עצם | /ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/ | מַזכֶּרֶת |
| sausage שם עצם | /ˈsɔsɪd͡ʒ/ | נַקְנִיק |
| humour שם עצם | /ˈhjuːmɚ/ | הוּמוֹר |
| toast שם עצם | /toʊst/ | טוסט, קלי |
| colleague שם עצם | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | עָמִית, עמיתה |
| politician שם עצם | /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/ | פּוֹלִיטִיקַאי, פוליטיקאית |
| avocado שם עצם | /ˌɑvəˈkɑdoʊ/ | אָבוֹקָדוֹ |
| electrician שם עצם | /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪʃən/ | חַשְׁמַלַּאי |
| insulate פועל | /ˈɪnsʊleɪt/ | בידד, בִּדֵּד |
| intimidate פועל | /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/ | הפחיד, איים |
| moustache שם עצם | /ˈmʌstæʃ/ | שָׂפָם |
| kangaroo שם עצם | /ˌkæŋ.ɡəˈɹu/ | קֶנְגּוּרוּ, קֶנְגּוּרוּאִים |
Phrasal verbs שתשמעו
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| calm down פועל | נרגע | |
| check out פועל | בדק | |
| go out פועל | יָצָא | |
| pick up פועל | הרים, אסף | |
| wake up פועל | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | התעורר |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- Mate, how are you?
- Alright let's talk about some places now.
- What did you study at uni?
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | can be called · are really commonly used · is called |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | accent which has · people who come · Nullarbor which is |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | I've ever won · have shortened · you've heard |
| שם תואר מובהק (Superlatives) the -est / the most … — לציין את הגבוה או הנמוך ביותר בקבוצה | The smallest · The best · the most important |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-56 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו I'm, you're, they're. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: shorten /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/, politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/, affectionate /əˈfɛkʃənət/, electrician /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪʃən/, moustache /ˈmʌstæʃ/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/, affectionate /əˈfɛkʃənət/, avocado /ˌɑvəˈkɑdoʊ/, electrician /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪʃən/, intimidate /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: snag /snæɡ/, goanna /ɡəʊ̯ˈæn.ə/, moustache /ˈmʌstæʃ/, tassie /ˈtæsi/, kangaroo /ˌkæŋ.ɡəˈɹu/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: ripper /ˈɹɪpɚ/, shorten /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/, petrol /ˈpɛt.ɹəl/, brunch /bɹʌnt͡ʃ/, souvenir /ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/
- /ŋ/ בסוף מילה — צליל אפי בלי “ג” בסוף: sling /ˈslɪŋ/, joking /ˈd͡ʒoʊkɪŋ/, spelling /ˈspɛl.ɪŋ/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט במהירות רגילה, וחזרו על כל משפט עד שהקצב שלכם תואם את הדובר.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו shorten, brunch, buck.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.