शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Food waste is the world's dumbest problem - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
अभ्यास मोड चुनें
हर मोड पूरी स्क्रीन का अभ्यास कक्ष खोलता है।
132 वाक्य
यदि वाक्य बहुत छोटे या लंबे हों, तो समायोजित करने के लिए Edit पर क्लिक करें।
1
MIT is known for developing a lot of impressive technology.
2
But hidden in the kitchen of MIT's Media Lab is perhaps my favorite MIT invention.
3
The food cam.
4
OK, so it might not look like much, but it's actually quite brilliant.
5
Let's say you have some leftover food.
6
You put it under the camera and you hit the button.
7
Food Camp posts a photo to Twitter, Slack, and a mailing list.
8
All with a simple message.
9
Come and get it.
10
It looks like a pretty good box of donuts.
11
It looks yummy on Food Camp.
12
It does.
13
Getting the food can actually be pretty competitive.
14
By the time we got here, just 30 seconds after it was placed, the whole building had swarmed and all the pizza was gone.
15
There's a mad rest of people that come from every entryway in here to get a pizza.
16
So you've got to kind of move pretty quickly.
17
Yeah, it's a game.
18
It's a Hunger Games.
19
Where do you...
20
Will and John invented the food cam all the way back in 1999.
21
This is before Facebook, before Gmail, before social media as we know it.
22
The idea came from a building-wide leftovers problem.
23
And in some ways, this simple invention gets at the big problem of food waste.
24
I mean that's sort of the serious part of what you have done, really, right?
25
There is no doubt that this completely helped reduce food waste at the lab.
26
Almost all of the catering people know that if they have spare food from their event, they can just hit the button and people will consume that food.
27
And those are not even Media Lab events that are now fueling the food can.
28
When we picture the stuff that's hurting our planet, what do we think of?
29
We think of like smokestacks, cars, oil spills.
30
We don't really think about all the food we throw away.
31
In the US, roughly 40% of the food we produce never gets eaten.
32
over 365 million pounds of food each day.
33
While that's happening, about one in eight Americans still don't have a steady supply of food to their tables.
34
And all this wasted food is a huge contributor to climate change.
35
If global food waste were a country, it would be the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases, just behind China and the United States.
36
So it really is an enormous problem and one of the easiest ways to address climate change.
37
It takes a ton of resources to produce food.
38
On top of that, you have all the energy it takes to keep it cold and to transport it around the country.
39
And when food decomposes, it isn't just stinky.
40
It releases potent greenhouse gases.
41
Basically, we're trashing our planet to grow food that no one eats.
42
But here's the thing.
43
No one actually likes wasting food.
44
It's just something that we haven't been paying much attention to.
45
Of all of the challenging problems out there, reducing the amount of food we're wasting is one of the easiest.
46
In the U.S., consumers collectively make up the largest portion of food waste.
47
A family of four spends about $1,500 on food that they never eat.
48
Meat is less as a percentage of what we buy.
49
But when you consider it in particular as a greenhouse gas-intensive product, Meat waste actually has the highest greenhouse gas impact.
50
And you don't have to be an expert to understand why food is going to waste in our homes.
51
We're all busy and on the go.
52
Sometimes I buy food without thinking, do I really need that?
53
There's even been a little bit of research to show that once something goes in the refrigerator, it's actually worth less to us than before.
54
Researchers asked people how they would feel if they got home from the grocery store and dropped a carton of eggs.
55
And then they asked, well if your eggs sat in your refrigerator for six weeks and then you didn't use them, how would you feel about that?
56
And people felt a lot less remorse.
57
I think a lot of the waste in our society does come down to choice
58
and wanting to have the option to eat something at any time, whether or not we use it.
59
Part of the reason why we over-buy food is that we've got tons of space to store it in.
60
Refrigerators have grown about 15% since the 1970s.
61
One of the things we found in our research is that people are uncomfortable with white space when it comes to food.
62
So we love it in buildings or in design, but when it comes to food, we do not want to see empty space in our refrigerators, on our plates.
63
And so I really believe that in some subliminal way, we're just filling everything.
64
And if we had smaller refrigerators that let us see everything that was in there, that in itself would lead to quite a bit less waste in our homes.
65
And it isn't just our refrigerators that have gotten bigger.
66
The average dinner plate has grown by 36 percent since 1960.
67
When you have a big plate, you tend to put a lot of food on it, whether or not you can eat it all.
68
This is something Jill Horst noticed at UC Santa Barbara.
69
You have a tray that's 14 by 18 inches and you feel you need to load it up with food.
70
You would see students that had four glasses, water, juice, soda, milk, and you would go to the tray return and they would still be full.
71
In 2009, the dining hall stopped using trays.
72
Students can take as much food as they want, but there isn't a tray to pile it onto.
73
The food waste per person per tray reduced by 50 percent.
74
I mean, so that was huge.
75
Let's say that the average student weighs six ounces of food per meal.
76
That may not seem like a lot, but UC Santa Barbara serves 13,000 meals per day.
77
So that's nearly 5,000 pounds of wasted food.
78
It's like throwing 350 Thanksgiving turkeys into the garbage every single day.
79
And when you take the trays away and it becomes 3 ounces, that's a significant impact to help with not only the food waste, but food cost.
80
So it turns out that something very small, like removing a tray or changing the size of a plate can have this profound impact on our behavior.
81
And it doesn't take much effort because the effect is subliminal.
82
The other thing they're paying attention to at UC Santa Barbara is portion size.
83
Each plate is portioned, one portion for a student.
84
They could take as many portions as they would like, but we are actually plating the right size, the right amount that we should be eating.
85
We've gotten used to these gigantic portion sizes at restaurants.
86
And in a subtle way, it encourages us to overeat and throw away a lot of food.
87
If you look around, there's not a whole lot of food waste on the plates because of the proper portioning.
88
I mean, that's somebody's meal.
89
That's all they have left.
90
None of us are perfect.
91
Wasting less food isn't just going to happen overnight.
92
But just having it on our radar can really help us waste a lot less.
93
And if we do have extra food, then let's at least try to get it to people who could use it.
94
There is so much high-quality surplus that's wasted that just needs to find the people that need it the most.
95
Komal is the founder of Copia, a startup that's trying to recover all this perfectly good food.
96
If you imagine the world's largest football stadium filled to its absolute brim, that's how much food goes wasted every single day in America.
97
And I'm not talking about last night's Pad Thai or this morning's half-eaten pastries, but untouched, uneaten, perfectly edible food.
98
So we don't need to purchase or make more food.
99
We just need to figure out how to get it to the people who need it.
100
MIT's Food Cam is great at recovering food.
101
But when you start scaling this up from one building to an entire city or an entire country, it becomes much more difficult.
102
Let's say you're a small company, and you have 200 sandwiches left over from an event.
103
That's a lot of food.
104
But it takes time and effort to figure out how and where to donate it.
105
Most people really don't want to deal with all of this.
106
It shouldn't be this hard to do a good thing.
107
Like, how cool would it be if people who have food could say, hey, we have food, and people who need food could say, hey, we need food, and we could connect these two people and clear the marketplace.
108
So Komal is trying to make food donations easy and intuitive.
109
If you have some food, you type your info into the Copia app.
110
A driver will then come and pick up your food and deliver it to the shelters that need it.
111
And during big events like Super Bowl 50, there's a ton of extra food.
112
The issue is that it has a short shelf life.
113
Imagine four 16-foot refrigerator trucks filled to their absolute brim.
114
That's how much food we recovered.
115
We fed 23,000 people in two days.
116
Nobody slept.
117
And it's not hot dogs and popcorn.
118
It was lobster rolls and pulled pork sandwiches and $300 cheeses, high quality food.
119
If we can get the food that would otherwise be wasted to people who need it, we're not only fighting hunger, but we are actually slowing global warming.
120
It really is a win-win.
121
And Komal doesn't want to solve hunger in just California.
122
She wants to solve world hunger, period.
123
It's not about optimism or pessimism.
124
I think it's just that we're hell-bent on making it happen.
125
This isn't going to be an overnight thing.
126
It's got to be policy change.
127
It's going to be other entrepreneurs.
128
It's going to be really big companies and institutions also taking a stand and saying that, you know what, we don't tolerate perfectly great food being wasted.
129
Look, no one likes throwing out food.
130
So we've made a simple guide to help you waste less.
131
To find out more, go to climate.universityofcalifornia.edu.
132
Thank you.
ऐप डाउनलोड करें
धाराप्रवाह बोलने के लिए ज़रूरी सब कुछ
AI उच्चारण स्कोरहर वाक्य का स्कोर
IPA अभ्यासहर ध्वनि में महारत
शब्दावलीअपना शब्द भंडार बनाएँ
शब्द गेमखेलते हुए सीखें
उसी चैनल से
C11
Why financial literacy education in the US sucks
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
How China is designing flood-resistant cities
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Putin's war on Ukraine, explained
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
Why no aquarium has a great white shark
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Inside the secret race to build artificial intelligence | The Gray Area
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How to be less neurotic | The Gray Area
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
We’re already using AI more than we realize
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
The Ticketmaster monopoly is over, now what?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
The biggest peach myth in America
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B28
How to solve problems like a designer
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
The origin of the '80s aesthetic
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B217
Why “Buy one, get one free” isn’t a great deal
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
How F1 drivers survive their own cars
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
White, pink, and brown noise, explained #shorts
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B210
Why 350°F is the magic number for baking
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Why "pop-up" restaurants are everywhere now
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B26
How did pink become a girly color?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
Why China's population is shrinking
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
The real reason Boeing's new plane crashed twice
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
The Israel-Palestine conflict: a brief, simple history
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
अनुशंसित वीडियो
B15
25 वाक्य
Food Waste Explained | Why Wasting Food is Wasting Everything | OzHarvest
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B222
40 वाक्य
Zuckerberg tells Harvard grads: Don't be afraid to make mistakes
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B24
31 वाक्य
What happens to old electronic devices when you upgrade?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B24
58 वाक्य
Great Moments in Unintended Consequences: Obscenity Blocks, Cooking Oil, DC's Tipped Wage (Vol. 19)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
43 वाक्य
Lab-grown meat is on the rise — here's how it is made
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B23
175 वाक्य
The Disgusting Science of Junk Food
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B217
159 वाक्य
My Thoughts On Cleaning
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B29
42 वाक्य
Inside Hong Kong’s cage homes
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
99 वाक्य
What's safe to eat now?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B26
68 वाक्य
A world where fish are no longer forced to climb trees.
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B22
299 वाक्य
this is why you can't enjoy anything anymore.
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
457 वाक्य
MIT Explains the 12 Possible Endings for AI
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 132 वाक्य और 1730 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 9:20 लंबा है। वक्ता तेज़ बोलता है, लगभग 185 शब्द प्रति मिनट, इसलिए जुड़ी हुई और कमज़ोर ध्वनियाँ ज़्यादा मिलेंगी। 85% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| tray संज्ञा | /tɹeɪ/ | ट्रे, तश्तरी |
| refrigerator संज्ञा | /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/ | फ़्रिज, फ्रिज |
| hunger संज्ञा | /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/ | भूख |
| greenhouse संज्ञा | /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/ | ग्रीनहाउस, हरितगृह |
| meal संज्ञा | /ˈmiːl/ | भोजन, जेमन |
| egg संज्ञा | /ɛɡ/ | अंडा, डिंब |
| pizza संज्ञा | /ˈpi.tsə/ | पिज़ा, पिज़्ज़ा |
| solve क्रिया | /sɒlv/ | सुलझाना, हल करना |
| overnight क्रिया विशेषण | /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/ | रात भर |
| invention संज्ञा | /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/ | आविष्कार |
| ounce संज्ञा | /aʊns/ | औंस |
| percentage संज्ञा | /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ | प्रतिशतता |
| founder संज्ञा | /ˈfaʊ̯n.dəː/ | संस्थापक, प्रवर्तक |
| encourage क्रिया | /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | प्रेरित करना |
| trash संज्ञा | /tɹæʃ/ | कूड़ा |
वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब
| शब्द | अर्थ |
|---|---|
| pick up क्रिया | उठाना |
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | have done · There's even been · have grown |
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | is known · was placed · is portioned |
| Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी | students that had · people who could · people who need |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 29 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे don't, we're, isn't। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/, trash /tɹæʃ/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, shelf /ʃɛlf/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, entrepreneur /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/, contributor /kənˈtɹɪb.jə.tɚ/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर tray, refrigerator, hunger जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।