Практика Shadowing: Food waste is the world's dumbest problem - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

Выберите режим практики

Каждый режим открывает полноэкранную комнату практики.

132 предложений

Если предложения слишком короткие или длинные, нажмите Edit, чтобы их изменить.

MIT is known for developing a lot of impressive technology.

But hidden in the kitchen of MIT's Media Lab is perhaps my favorite MIT invention.

The food cam.

OK, so it might not look like much, but it's actually quite brilliant.

Let's say you have some leftover food.

You put it under the camera and you hit the button.

Food Camp posts a photo to Twitter, Slack, and a mailing list.

All with a simple message.

Come and get it.

It looks like a pretty good box of donuts.

It looks yummy on Food Camp.

It does.

Getting the food can actually be pretty competitive.

By the time we got here, just 30 seconds after it was placed, the whole building had swarmed and all the pizza was gone.

There's a mad rest of people that come from every entryway in here to get a pizza.

So you've got to kind of move pretty quickly.

Yeah, it's a game.

It's a Hunger Games.

Where do you...

Will and John invented the food cam all the way back in 1999.

This is before Facebook, before Gmail, before social media as we know it.

The idea came from a building-wide leftovers problem.

And in some ways, this simple invention gets at the big problem of food waste.

I mean that's sort of the serious part of what you have done, really, right?

There is no doubt that this completely helped reduce food waste at the lab.

Almost all of the catering people know that if they have spare food from their event, they can just hit the button and people will consume that food.

And those are not even Media Lab events that are now fueling the food can.

When we picture the stuff that's hurting our planet, what do we think of?

We think of like smokestacks, cars, oil spills.

We don't really think about all the food we throw away.

In the US, roughly 40% of the food we produce never gets eaten.

over 365 million pounds of food each day.

While that's happening, about one in eight Americans still don't have a steady supply of food to their tables.

And all this wasted food is a huge contributor to climate change.

If global food waste were a country, it would be the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases, just behind China and the United States.

So it really is an enormous problem and one of the easiest ways to address climate change.

It takes a ton of resources to produce food.

On top of that, you have all the energy it takes to keep it cold and to transport it around the country.

And when food decomposes, it isn't just stinky.

It releases potent greenhouse gases.

Basically, we're trashing our planet to grow food that no one eats.

But here's the thing.

No one actually likes wasting food.

It's just something that we haven't been paying much attention to.

Of all of the challenging problems out there, reducing the amount of food we're wasting is one of the easiest.

In the U.S., consumers collectively make up the largest portion of food waste.

A family of four spends about $1,500 on food that they never eat.

Meat is less as a percentage of what we buy.

But when you consider it in particular as a greenhouse gas-intensive product, Meat waste actually has the highest greenhouse gas impact.

And you don't have to be an expert to understand why food is going to waste in our homes.

We're all busy and on the go.

Sometimes I buy food without thinking, do I really need that?

There's even been a little bit of research to show that once something goes in the refrigerator, it's actually worth less to us than before.

Researchers asked people how they would feel if they got home from the grocery store and dropped a carton of eggs.

And then they asked, well if your eggs sat in your refrigerator for six weeks and then you didn't use them, how would you feel about that?

And people felt a lot less remorse.

I think a lot of the waste in our society does come down to choice

and wanting to have the option to eat something at any time, whether or not we use it.

Part of the reason why we over-buy food is that we've got tons of space to store it in.

Refrigerators have grown about 15% since the 1970s.

One of the things we found in our research is that people are uncomfortable with white space when it comes to food.

So we love it in buildings or in design, but when it comes to food, we do not want to see empty space in our refrigerators, on our plates.

And so I really believe that in some subliminal way, we're just filling everything.

And if we had smaller refrigerators that let us see everything that was in there, that in itself would lead to quite a bit less waste in our homes.

And it isn't just our refrigerators that have gotten bigger.

The average dinner plate has grown by 36 percent since 1960.

When you have a big plate, you tend to put a lot of food on it, whether or not you can eat it all.

This is something Jill Horst noticed at UC Santa Barbara.

You have a tray that's 14 by 18 inches and you feel you need to load it up with food.

You would see students that had four glasses, water, juice, soda, milk, and you would go to the tray return and they would still be full.

In 2009, the dining hall stopped using trays.

Students can take as much food as they want, but there isn't a tray to pile it onto.

The food waste per person per tray reduced by 50 percent.

I mean, so that was huge.

Let's say that the average student weighs six ounces of food per meal.

That may not seem like a lot, but UC Santa Barbara serves 13,000 meals per day.

So that's nearly 5,000 pounds of wasted food.

It's like throwing 350 Thanksgiving turkeys into the garbage every single day.

And when you take the trays away and it becomes 3 ounces, that's a significant impact to help with not only the food waste, but food cost.

So it turns out that something very small, like removing a tray or changing the size of a plate can have this profound impact on our behavior.

And it doesn't take much effort because the effect is subliminal.

The other thing they're paying attention to at UC Santa Barbara is portion size.

Each plate is portioned, one portion for a student.

They could take as many portions as they would like, but we are actually plating the right size, the right amount that we should be eating.

We've gotten used to these gigantic portion sizes at restaurants.

And in a subtle way, it encourages us to overeat and throw away a lot of food.

If you look around, there's not a whole lot of food waste on the plates because of the proper portioning.

I mean, that's somebody's meal.

That's all they have left.

None of us are perfect.

Wasting less food isn't just going to happen overnight.

But just having it on our radar can really help us waste a lot less.

And if we do have extra food, then let's at least try to get it to people who could use it.

There is so much high-quality surplus that's wasted that just needs to find the people that need it the most.

Komal is the founder of Copia, a startup that's trying to recover all this perfectly good food.

If you imagine the world's largest football stadium filled to its absolute brim, that's how much food goes wasted every single day in America.

And I'm not talking about last night's Pad Thai or this morning's half-eaten pastries, but untouched, uneaten, perfectly edible food.

So we don't need to purchase or make more food.

We just need to figure out how to get it to the people who need it.

100

MIT's Food Cam is great at recovering food.

101

But when you start scaling this up from one building to an entire city or an entire country, it becomes much more difficult.

102

Let's say you're a small company, and you have 200 sandwiches left over from an event.

103

That's a lot of food.

104

But it takes time and effort to figure out how and where to donate it.

105

Most people really don't want to deal with all of this.

106

It shouldn't be this hard to do a good thing.

107

Like, how cool would it be if people who have food could say, hey, we have food, and people who need food could say, hey, we need food, and we could connect these two people and clear the marketplace.

108

So Komal is trying to make food donations easy and intuitive.

109

If you have some food, you type your info into the Copia app.

110

A driver will then come and pick up your food and deliver it to the shelters that need it.

111

And during big events like Super Bowl 50, there's a ton of extra food.

112

The issue is that it has a short shelf life.

113

Imagine four 16-foot refrigerator trucks filled to their absolute brim.

114

That's how much food we recovered.

115

We fed 23,000 people in two days.

116

Nobody slept.

117

And it's not hot dogs and popcorn.

118

It was lobster rolls and pulled pork sandwiches and $300 cheeses, high quality food.

119

If we can get the food that would otherwise be wasted to people who need it, we're not only fighting hunger, but we are actually slowing global warming.

120

It really is a win-win.

121

And Komal doesn't want to solve hunger in just California.

122

She wants to solve world hunger, period.

123

It's not about optimism or pessimism.

124

I think it's just that we're hell-bent on making it happen.

125

This isn't going to be an overnight thing.

126

It's got to be policy change.

127

It's going to be other entrepreneurs.

128

It's going to be really big companies and institutions also taking a stand and saying that, you know what, we don't tolerate perfectly great food being wasted.

129

Look, no one likes throwing out food.

130

So we've made a simple guide to help you waste less.

131

To find out more, go to climate.universityofcalifornia.edu.

132

Thank you.

Скачать приложение

Всё для свободной речи

ИИ-оценка произношенияОценка каждой фразы

Практика IPAОсвойте каждый звук

СловарьСоберите свой словарный запас

Игра со словамиУчитесь играя

Сканировать QR

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

Тот же канал

FOR YOU

Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

В этом видео 132 предложений и 1730 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 9:20. Говорящий говорит быстро, около 185 слов в минуту, поэтому звуки часто сливаются и сокращаются. 85% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
tray существительное	/tɹeɪ/	подно́с, лото́к
refrigerator существительное	/ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/	холоди́льник, рефрижера́тор
hunger существительное	/ˈhʌŋɡɚ/	го́лод
greenhouse существительное	/ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/	тепли́ца, парни́к
meal существительное	/ˈmiːl/	еда́, пи́ща
recover глагол	/ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/	возвраща́ть, возврати́ть
egg существительное	/ɛɡ/	яйцо́
pizza существительное	/ˈpi.tsə/	пи́цца
solve глагол	/sɒlv/	реша́ть, реши́ть
overnight наречие	/əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/	всю ночь, за́ ночь
invention существительное	/ɪnˈvɛnʃən/	изобрете́ние
ounce существительное	/aʊns/	у́нция
percentage существительное	/pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/	проце́нт, проце́нтное отноше́ние
impressive прилагательное	/ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/	впечатля́ющий, внуши́тельный
founder существительное	/ˈfaʊ̯n.dəː/	основа́тель, основа́тельница

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Произношение	Значение
figure out глагол		разбира́ться, разобра́ться
throw away глагол		выбра́сывать, вы́бросить
come down to глагол		спадать до
find out глагол		узнава́ть, узна́ть
look around глагол		осма́триваться, осмотре́ться
make up глагол	/ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/	составля́ть, соста́вить
pick up глагол		подбира́ть, подобра́ть
turn out глагол		ока́зываться, оказа́ться

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	have done · There's even been · have grown
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	is known · was placed · is portioned
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	students that had · people who could · people who need

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 29 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, we're, isn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «sh» и «zh»: invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/, trash /tɹæʃ/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, shelf /ʃɛlf/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, entrepreneur /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/, contributor /kənˈtɹɪb.jə.tɚ/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как tray, refrigerator, hunger.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: Food waste is the world's dumbest problem - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

Выберите режим практики

Скачать приложение

Why financial literacy education in the US sucks

How China is designing flood-resistant cities

Putin's war on Ukraine, explained

Introducing Best of Luck with Kyla Scanlon

The Israel-Palestine conflict: a brief, simple history

Why no aquarium has a great white shark

Inside the secret race to build artificial intelligence | The Gray Area

How to be less neurotic | The Gray Area

We’re already using AI more than we realize

The Ticketmaster monopoly is over, now what?

The biggest peach myth in America

How to solve problems like a designer

The origin of the '80s aesthetic

Why “Buy one, get one free” isn’t a great deal

How F1 drivers survive their own cars

White, pink, and brown noise, explained #shorts

Why 350°F is the magic number for baking

Why "pop-up" restaurants are everywhere now

How did pink become a girly color?

Why China's population is shrinking

Food Waste Explained | Why Wasting Food is Wasting Everything | OzHarvest

Zuckerberg tells Harvard grads: Don't be afraid to make mistakes

What happens to old electronic devices when you upgrade?

Great Moments in Unintended Consequences: Obscenity Blocks, Cooking Oil, DC's Tipped Wage (Vol. 19)

Lab-grown meat is on the rise — here's how it is made

The Disgusting Science of Junk Food

My Thoughts On Cleaning

Inside Hong Kong’s cage homes

What's safe to eat now?

A world where fish are no longer forced to climb trees.

this is why you can't enjoy anything anymore.

MIT Explains the 12 Possible Endings for AI