शैडोइंग अभ्यास: How to discuss a topic in a group - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
1
Hi! My name is Rebecca, and in today's lesson you'll learn how to participate effectively in a discussion in English, something you may need to do in your personal, professional, or academic life, okay? Now, the topic we'll use as our sample is this one: Is it better to study online or in a regular classroom? Okay? You'll have a chance to hear a discussion by native English speakers on this topic. What I'd like you to do is listen for any special expressions and phrases that they use during the discussion. Afterwards, I'll review the expressions and phrases with you, okay? Now, today I have some special friends who have agreed to help me with this lesson, and they're waiting in the classroom next door, so let's go and say hello to them.
2
-- Hello! -- Hello! -- Hi!
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-- Hi! -- Well, look who's here. It's -- -- Ronnie. -- Alex. -- James. -- Adam.
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-- Thank you for joining me, and thanks for helping with this lesson, guys.
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-- No problem. -- No problem.
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-- So you know we're talking about discussions, and the topic is: Is it better to study online or in a regular classroom? Okay, who wants to go first?
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-- Okay, so I'll start, and I think that it's actually very good to study online because it's very convenient because you can study whenever you want and at your own pace. For example, someone like me, I like to study at nighttime. So for me, online works better because it's quiet at night, no one disturbs me, and I can do what I need to do.
8
-- Okay, that's true, but if you're going to study online -- -- Sorry, but -- -- Please let me finish. Let me finish. As I was saying, that's true, but if you're studying online you do need to motivate yourself, so I think it's better to be in a classroom where you have other students and a teacher who can motivate you. -- That's true, but some people can't afford to go to a classroom and don't have enough money or resources to actually go to a big school. So studying online, you can actually do it for free.
9
-- Me? Well, I would like to add -- May I say something?
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-- Sure. -- Soft skills. That's not usually talked about in schools, but when we talk about "soft skills", it's actual interaction, utilizing your English when you're with other people, and that's hard to get online because you're watching a screen and not actually interacting with other people.
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-- You make a very good point but I would also like to add that sometimes having classmates takes you away from your focus because you have to maybe review things many times for other people to catch up, or you have to do topics that are interesting to other people, not to yourself. So it's a little distracting sometimes, too.
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-- However, focus is a good thing. I mean, it's not a bad thing to repeat something because sometimes people don't catch the material the first time. So that way, you go over the material, and they -- you know, you get depth. So you get to learn more, and people who don't understand get the opportunity to ask questions and learn from it again.
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-- Yeah, but sometimes the resources that you get in a classroom are boring, and online you can just look up whatever you need on the Internet, and you've got it right there.
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You don't have to rely on a textbook. Sometimes it can be a bad textbook.
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-- Okay. Don't get me wrong. I mean, there are good resources on the Internet, like www.engvid.com.
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However -- -- I'm sorry, did you say www.engvid.com?
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-- I did say www.engvid.com. -- I've heard of www.engvid.com.
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-- I think I have too. -- Me too.
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-- Check it out. -- Anyway. It's a good website.
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-- So as I was saying, don't get me wrong, I think there are excellent resources online.
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However, some students who are just learning English for the first time might not know how to judge the quality of the resources. So I think if you go to a school, if you're inside a classroom, you're with a teacher who is trained, is a professional, who can give you the resources you need to improve your English.
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-- Well, it's a good thing you said about professional teachers because at www.engvid.com -- -- www.engvid.com?
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-- www.engvid.com. -- www.engvid.com.
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-- Yeah, EngVid? -- We have professional teachers ready to teach you. So in conclusion, in a nutshell, can we just, kind of, sum up and say that studying online or in a classroom will help everyone?
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-- Sure. -- I think so.
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-- I can agree with that. -- Okay. All right. Thank you very much for your help guys. -- No problem.
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-- So now, I'll review some of the phrases and expressions that you heard in the discussion.
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-- I think that it's actually very good to study online.
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-- "I think" is used when you're going to express your opinion. You could also say "I believe" and so on. Next.
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-- That's true, but if you're going to study online -- -- However, focus is a good thing -- -- Yeah, but sometimes the resources that you get in a classroom are boring.
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-- Okay, these three phrases, "That's true, but"; or "However"; or "Yeah, but", are used -- What do you think? They're used when we want to contradict what someone else has said, when we disagree with what someone else has said. Okay? Next.
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-- You make a very good point, but I would also like to add that sometimes having classmates takes you away from your focus.
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-- "You made a good point but I'd also like to add", is a very nice expression. It shows that you recognize the contribution that someone else has made to the discussion in the first part, and you're also going to add your own opinion, which is different from what the first person said. Next.
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-- But if you're going to study online -- -- Sorry, but -- -- Me? Well, I would like to add -- May I say something?
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-- "Sorry but", which Ronnie says, or "May I say something?", which James said, are two different ways in which you can interrupt a discussion. You see that the first one was purposely done for you not in a very polite way to show you how not to do it. And James says, "May I say something?", which is a very polite way to enter a discussion. Next.
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-- Sorry, but -- -- Please let me finish. Let me finish.
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-- "Please let me finish" is a very nice way to hold the floor. What does it mean to "hold the floor" in a discussion? It means to establish your position as the speaker, all right? So someone else is trying to interrupt, but you want a chance to finish whatever argument you're presenting, so you say, "Please let me finish", okay? Very nice. Next.
38
-- As I was saying, that's true, but if you're studying online -- -- "As I was saying" is used when you're returning to your -- to speaking, to whatever you were saying when someone has interrupted you, okay? It's a way of saying, "Okay, now I'm talking again". "As I was saying." All right? Next.
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-- Okay. Don't get me wrong. I mean, there are good resources on the Internet.
40
-- Alex uses, "don't get me wrong". Now, this is an interesting expression because when we say this, what we're saying is that, "I've been explaining something, I've been presenting a certain point of view, but I do understand that there is another point of view, and I accept that, and I understand that. However, I do still have my opinion." So we use that when we are taking into account the other opinion as well. Next.
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-- So in conclusion, in a nutshell, can we just, kind of, sum up and say that -- -- Okay, the last three phrases were used by Ronnie to end the discussion, so "in conclusion", "in a nutshell". "In a nutshell" just means "in short" or "Can we sum up by saying..." "Can we sum up?" means "Can we summarize?" All right? So that's a nice way to end a discussion by including everyone in it. It's not as if one person is deciding to end the discussion.
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She's sort of asking everyone's permission by saying, "can we sum up by saying", okay?
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I hope this lesson has given you a number of different expressions that you can use when you're taking part in a discussion, all right? If you'd like to do a quiz on this subject, please go to our website, www.engvid.com. Thanks very much for watching, and good luck with your English.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 43 वाक्य और 1438 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 8:51 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 163 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्वाभाविक गति से बोलता है, जो रोज़मर्रा की बातचीत के करीब है। 86% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 कम प्रचलित शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
- classroom /ˈklɑːsɹʊm/ (संज्ञा) — कक्षा, अध्ययनकक्ष. A room, often in a school, where classes take place.
- resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ (संज्ञा) — संसाधन. Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.
- phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ (संज्ञा) — मुहावरा, वाक्यांश. A short written or spoken expression.
- topic /ˈtɑpɪk/ (संज्ञा) — प्रसंग, विषय. A subject; a theme; a category or general area of interest.
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (संज्ञा) — पाठ, सबक़. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
- conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/ (संज्ञा) — अंतिम. The end, finish, close or last part of something.
- interrupt /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ (क्रिया) — टोकना. To disturb or halt (an ongoing process or action, or the person performing it) by interfering suddenly, especially by speaking.
- skill /skɪl/ (संज्ञा) — कुशलता, कौशल. A capacity to do something well; a technique, an ability, usually acquired or learned, as opposed to abilities that are regarded as innate.
- polite /pəˈlaɪt/ (विशेषण) — सभ्य, विनम्र. Well-mannered, civilized.
- textbook /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ (संज्ञा) — पाठ्यपुस्तक, टेक्स्ट-बुक. A coursebook, a formal manual of instruction in a specific subject, especially one for use in schools or colleges.
- motivate /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ (क्रिया) — प्रेरित करना. To provide someone with an incentive to do something; to encourage; to actuate.
- establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ (क्रिया) — स्थापना. To make stable or firm; to confirm.
- participate /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ (क्रिया) — भाग लेना, हिस्सा लेना. To join in, to take part, to involve oneself (in something).
- contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ (संज्ञा) — योगदान. Something given or offered that adds to a larger whole.
- convenient /kənˈviː.niənt/ (विशेषण) — सुविधाजनक. Serving to reduce a difficulty, or accessible with minimum difficulty; expedient.
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 42 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे you're, don't, I'll। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, nutshell /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: participate /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, contribution /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर classroom, resource, phrase जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | have agreed · I've heard · has said |
| Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी | friends who have · teacher who can · people who don |
| Past continuous was/were + -ing — बीते समय के किसी क्षण में चल रहा काम | was saying |
| “might / may” से संभावना might/may + क्रिया — जो हो सकता है पर पक्का नहीं | may need · might not know |
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।