शैडोइंग अभ्यास: The Truth About Nuclear Energy - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

Thanks to Skillshare for sponsoring this episode.

This was humanity's first introduction to nuclear power, the atomic bomb.

And this is a nuclear power plant, which you may know from all the times that they've broken down in history and scared the crap out of people, hello, HBO's Chernobyl.

But you've actually been lied to about nuclear energy.

And in order to understand those lies, we first have to talk about where the energy comes from.

In 1938, scientists discovered nuclear fission.

They did this by slamming an atom of uranium with a neutron.

It would divide into two and release a large amount of energy not only this

But during the nuclear fission reaction up to three neutrons are ejected

which can trigger further fission reactions of more atoms Meaning more energy is released.

This is known as a chain reaction During World War two

America would use the same technology to create the first atomic bomb

But it wasn't until 1955

that the same scientific principles were used to create the first nuclear power plant that generated electricity In the 1970s,

psychologists started to map people's anxieties about nuclear destruction and the past Cold War onto nuclear power plants, which were now cropping up around the world.

Then came the 1979 thriller The China Syndrome, a movie about a fictional nuclear reactor meltdown, which was released on March 6th,

1979, and just 22 days later, a real partial nuclear reactor meltdown happened at Three Mile Island.

Talk about free advertisement for your movie.

The coincidence of a Hollywood film and this cultural nuclear reactor breakdown coming together really shot into the mainstream, this negative connotation with nuclear energy.

From the release of this movie to 1988, 67 planned nuclear power plants were cancelled. In 1986,

Chernobyl happened, which was caused by human error as the temperature of the reactor core became too high

and an explosion created a nuclear cloud across Europe.

I scream cried while watching Chernobyl.

I remember thinking to myself, okay is nuclear energy a truly invisible horror?

Right after that in 1989 we got the Simpsons where we see people diving into nuclear waste

and our favorite idiot Homer who we all picture as a safety inspector at a nuclear reactor.

As recent as 2011 we have the Fukushima nuclear disaster

and all of this combined made it really hard to not be afraid of nuclear energy.

But when you look more into it, you find that no one died at Three Mile Island, and most epidemiological studies found that it had no detectable health consequences.

After 30 years, only 51 people died from the incident at Chernobyl, and scientific studies found few health risks connected to radiation exposure after Fukushima.

Take this recent In a Nutshell video linked in the description.

It shows how using coal, oil, natural gas, and biomass has killed 100 million people in the past 50 years.

This was due to pollution created by the byproducts of burning fossil fuels.

The World Health Organization explains that it's safer to work in a nuclear power plant than in a big city office, as the urban air pollution of ozone,

sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide causes 7 million deaths annually.

Only 0 .005 % of the average American's yearly radiation dose comes from nuclear power.

This is 200 times less than a cross -country flight.

A hundred times less than what we get from coal, and about the same as eating one banana per year.

Wait, so if I'm scared of nuclear energy, I also have to be scared of a banana?

But like, peanut butter and bananas on toast is my culture.

Also, being gay, I hate holding bananas like this because it just reminds me of getting bullied.

There's also this study showing

that a CT scan of the abdomen involves about 10 times the radiation exposure

that the average nuclear worker gets in a year.

Or that living in a big polluted city increases your mortality risk by 2 .8 times that of a Chernobyl cleanup worker.

So what is happening?

Is nuclear energy dangerous or safe?

But just before we get to that, we wanna thank today's sponsor, Skillshare.

The first 1 ,000 people to use the link in our description get a free trial of Skillshare Premium Membership, so go check it out because it goes fast.

Skillshare's actually how I improved my own animation skills to animate this channel with Greg's drawings.

I also taught myself Photoshop using Skillshare and it's just an amazing way to continue to learn and grow your brain.

Skillshare is an online learning community with thousands of classes for curious and creative people.

You can explore new skills or deepen current passions like this course

that I took for beginner birders where it actually taught me to correctly identify morning dubs.

It was so exciting.

It turns out that their wings make a specific type of noise.

I'm obsessed with birding

or this class about electricity generation where you can take a deep dive into solar wind

and nuclear energy and actually understand the physics

and mechanics of generating this electricity this was integral for me making this video it's curated specifically for learning meaning

that there are no ads

and they're always launching new premium classes at the cost of ten dollars a month with with an annual subscription, which is amazing so you can help our show by clicking the link in the description

and the first thousand people will get a free trial of

premium membership this genuinely is how you guys can support us

here at asap science now let's get back to the core

of this video about the nuclear reactors core these reactors use low enriched uranium

and controlled chain reactions to heat pressurized water

which in turn heats other water in a secondary circuit

that causes steam to rotate a turbine which is linked to a generator

that creates electricity cool water from a river

or ocean can be pumped in to cool the water in the secondary circuit

or sometimes cooling towers are built like these iconic bad boys

that we all know and love from the simpsons current research has found

that american opinions haven't changed much on nuclear energy since the cold war

which is weird

because it feels like culture has shifted kids no longer learn

to hide under their desks in preparation for nuclear war now

they learn to hide under their desks for preparation of a mass shooter.

In fact, 54 % of Americans still oppose nuclear energy today.

So let's talk nuclear power plant safety.

A Harvard study found that newer generations of nuclear reactors, particularly what is called pebble bed reactors,

are designed so that the nuclear chain reaction cannot run away and cause a meltdown, even in the event of a complete failure of the reactor's machinery.

And that, with the advent of modern reactors such as the pebble bed reactor and careful selection of plant sites, nuclear accidents like the one in Fukushima are actually not possible.

But some people think that emphasizing safety actually just emphasizes fear.

Airlines don't advertise how safe they are

because then you would just be thinking about crashing the whole time you're on the plane

and the fact that you need to look next to the stranger beside you and be like, I love you, I'm sorry,

goodbye, while you're screaming and the plane's shaking and you have to cover your head and apparently your legs break on impact.

So maybe nuclear energy should use the airline's approach

and stop explaining why they're safe and start unapologetically explaining how great they are.

Nuclear reactors such as Diablo Canyon, which will be closed in 2024 due to cost upkeep, accounts for roughly 9 % of California's energy,

but occupies fewer than 600 acres.

Honestly, that's wowzers to think of that much energy coming out of that little Diablo Canyon.

There are currently 56 nuclear power plants operating in the US

that provide the country with roughly 20 % of the electrical supply.

That's more than half of the US's low carbon electricity.

The NASA Goddard Institute predicts that nuclear power has prevented 1 .84 million deaths

that would have occurred if the energy was produced by fossil fuels.

This is 370 times more lives saved than have been lost to any nuclear power plant issues in the last 40 years.

100

At this point I feel very lied to, but what about the nuclear waste?

101

97 % of the waste created by nuclear plants is classified as low or intermediate level waste.

102

All the nuclear waste in the US is often compared to the size of a football field piled 50 feet high.

103

The World Nuclear Association describes that the waste is encapsulated in highly engineered casks in stable, vitrified form and is emplaced at depths well below the biosphere.

104

Such long -term geological storage solutions are designed to prevent any movement of radioactivity for thousands of years.

105

So even in the event of an earthquake or natural disaster, these repositories will keep the waste from reaching the surface and releasing radiation.

106

In addition, 96 % of this waste can be recycled to make new fuel and byproducts.

107

So the nuclear power industry puts their waste in monitored concrete casks deep into the ground, but the coal,

108

oil, and natural gas industries release their waste into the atmosphere where it causes pollution

109

and kills thousands of people a year and like all the birds.

110

And these greenhouse gases contribute to the sixth largest mass extinction

111

that we are currently in and to the climate crisis

112

that we are currently in

113

so is it safe well nuclear energy is definitely safer than the fossil fuels

114

that we are addicted to right now the fear of nuclear

115

energy is getting in the way of us having an honest

116

discussion of how it can work with renewable energy to get

117

us to a zero carbon future as stated the US gets

118

20 % of its electricity from nuclear power plants France gets

119

70 % from nuclear impressive research at MIT analyzed 1 ,000 scenarios of getting to our zero carbon future

120

and all the cheapest paths involved nuclear helping renewable energy get to where it needs to be.

121

Focusing in on America, there is a scenario where you can get to a zero carbon future with just renewables

122

and leaving the existing nuclear power plants on.

123

But this is specific to America because America is rich in renewable energy opportunities.

124

It's got the windy Texas, the super sunny California, many other parts of world do not have the ability to

125

rely on renewable energy in this way it's for this reason

126

that the uk has put nuclear front

127

and center for how it's going to get to zero carbon emissions

128

because they can't really rely on solar

129

and wind in the same way china is also currently building

130

nuclear reactors due to their increasing consumption of energy now up

131

to this point we've ignored a really important part of this conversation, the economics.

132

Explained really well in this real engineering video, linked in the description, nuclear power plants are extremely expensive to create.

133

Since 1996, only one nuclear power plant has been made in the US, and likely due to the cost, not fear.

134

Take the crappy scenario in South Carolina where a $9 billion nuclear plant wasn't finished,

135

and now the people of South Carolina are paying for it even though it's releasing no energy.

136

But innovation in the nuclear power space could make reactors that are smaller and much more cost effective.

137

We all know that we need to scale up renewable energy

138

and there have been amazing strides made across the earth

139

but we can't allow our irrational fear of nuclear energy to stop its ability to innovate.

140

A great start would be to look at a climate platform drafted by John Kerry

141

and AOC which included a plan to create cost effective pathways for developing innovative reactors.

142

The biggest lie about nuclear energy is the way it's been

143

depicted towards us in culture whether it's from the Simpsons which honestly made me honestly scared about nuclear energy.

144

That lie is real.

145

I feel like I have was

146

so scared about nuclear energy until I started to do all this research about the climate crisis

147

and realize that we probably need it.

148

I think the biggest takeaway from this is that we need to stop the infighting.

149

We're all against the fossil fuel industry and we want to save this planet

150

and we want to get to net zero carbon emission as a society

151

and it's a great option for us to come together.

152

Whenever we talk about nuclear energy on our channel, the comments are heated.

153

It's like a cold war, okay?

154

People who are pro -nuclear are like, if we don't use nuclear, we're going to become tree hugging lefties and like marry a solar panel.

155

And people who are anti nuclear energy are like, if we use it, we're all going to die.

156

And I'm just like, okay, we need to stop this infighting

157

because we need to be talking about the dangerous fossil fuels that we know and are currently killing all of us.

158

So where do we go from here?

159

We want your help with this.

160

This is not a simple answer.

161

So please in the comments, let us know what you think.

162

Have you been scared of nuclear energy?

163

Is nuclear energy something that you believe in something

164

that you're against we will be there and we will be responding to you

165

and maybe we'll be talking about the new nuclear fusion reactor as well

166

which is so cool so check out the links in the description

167

and we'll see you there thank you so much for watching

168

and we will see you next week for a new science video or maybe a climate change video

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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 168 वाक्य और 2295 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 12:09 लंबा है। वक्ता तेज़ बोलता है, लगभग 189 शब्द प्रति मिनट, इसलिए जुड़ी हुई और कमज़ोर ध्वनियाँ ज़्यादा मिलेंगी। 83% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:

शब्द	उच्चारण	अर्थ
fossil संज्ञा	/ˈfɑsl̩/	जीवाश्म
banana संज्ञा	/bəˈnænə/	केला
pollution संज्ञा	/pəˈluʃən/	प्रदूषण, कालुष्य
scenario संज्ञा	/sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/	परिदृश्य
meltdown संज्ञा	/ˈmɛltˌdaʊn/	नाभिकीय गलाव
membership संज्ञा		सदस्यता
desk संज्ञा	/dɛsk/	मेज़
worker संज्ञा	/ˈwɝ.kɚ/	मज़दूर, श्रमिक
disaster संज्ञा	/dɪˈzɑːs.təː/	आपदा, तबाही
preparation संज्ञा	/ˌpɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃ(ə)n/	तैयारी
generate क्रिया	/ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/	उपजाना
dive क्रिया	/daɪv/	डुबकी
atomic विशेषण	/əˈtɑː.mɪk/	आणविक
uranium संज्ञा	/ˌjuː.ˈɹeɪ.ni.əm/	किरणातु, यूरेनियम
atom संज्ञा	/ˈætəm/	परमाणु, अणु

वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब

शब्द	अर्थ
run away क्रिया	चंपत

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:

संरचना	वीडियो में
Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है	they've broken · you've actually been · has killed
Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है	are ejected · is released · is known
Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी	plants, which were · meltdown, which was · happened, which was

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

वक्ता 25 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे I'm, we're, you're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।

“th” की ध्वनियाँ: sixth /sɪksθ/, earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/, thriller /ˈθɹɪ.lə/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/
“sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, exposure /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/, preparation /ˌpɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/
लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, preparation /ˌpɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, uranium /ˌjuː.ˈɹeɪ.ni.əm/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर fossil, banana, pollution जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

शैडोइंग तकनीक: पूरी चरण-दर-चरण गाइड पढ़ें →

शैडोइंग अभ्यास: The Truth About Nuclear Energy - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?