शैडोइंग अभ्यास: How Can You Change Somebody's Opinion? - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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Do you ever get into an argument where you know you're right

and yet even with your eloquent explanations and all of the facts on your side, you just can't get through?

Is there a strategic way to successfully convince somebody and change their opinion?

The first and most disappointing thing that you have to come to terms with is this.

Facts don't convince people, especially if they already have an opinion.

We all like to think that information or indisputable studies would convince us in an argument,

but study after study shows that when certain facts don't conform to our beliefs, our brains are happy to disregard or simply rationalize them away.

In one study, scientists asked people if they believed in man -made climate change

and then categorized them as either believers or deniers.

They then told some that scientists had re -evaluated the data

and concluded that predictions for the future were much worse than before, while some others were told the situation wasn't nearly as bad as once thought.

But these facts had an interesting result on their beliefs.

People who didn't believe in climate change and were told

that things were going to be much worse completely ignored this fact and their opinions were unchanged.

But if they were told that things weren't nearly as bad, their beliefs moved much farther in that direction.

And the same thing happened to those who believed strongly in climate change.

When told that things are now predicted to be worse, they shifted their opinions more strongly in that direction,

whereas those told it wouldn't be so bad didn't change their opinions at all.

The facts only caused people to polarize.

It turns out that once formed, people's impressions and opinions are extremely perseverant,

and cognitive scientists say much of this is actually linked to our ability as humans to cooperate,

a skill that no other animal has to the degree that humans do.

From hunting and gathering to agriculture and modern computers, our cooperation allows us to rely on one another's expertise instead of knowing everything.

As a result, we can hardly tell where our own understanding ends and another begins.

Ultimately, strong beliefs don't actually come from deep understanding.

This is known as the illusion of explanatory depth.

If I asked you to rate your understanding of something like a toilet,

zippers, or computers, chances are you believe you know way more than you actually do.

Go on and try to explain, step by step, how a toilet or a zipper functions in detail.

Sometimes this simple act can expose how baseless ours or another's opinion is.

In one study when participants were asked to rate their opinions of public policies like healthcare, and then later asked to explain,

in as much detail as possible, the impact of implementing those policies, they would quickly turn down the intensity of their beliefs,

having been exposed to their own ignorance.

How else can we overcome these tendencies and convince people in an argument?

It turns out that we need to focus on the common motive, as put by Tylee Sherat, a cognitive neuroscientist.

That is, focus on the motives and things you can agree on.

One study looking at parents afraid to vaccinate their children because of the fear of autism, found that if they simply told them the facts,

that the science shows there's no link between the two, they wouldn't listen.

But when they focused on the common goal of protecting the children, and explained what vaccines are meant to prevent things like measles,

mumps, polio, tetanus, and how those diseases impact children who get them, without even mentioning autism, they were more likely to have their kids vaccinated after.

Finally, humans are known to have something called an in -group and out -group bias.

We tend to be skeptical of outsiders, or people who we see as different from us.

This can come in the form of race, religion, physical traits, gender, but also in the form of ideas.

So people who don't share your ideas are part of your out -group.

Studies have been done to show that

if you can find a way to relate to people and have them see you in a different light,

to see you as part of their in -group, they're much more likely to listen to you than if they think you are nothing like them.

Find a group that you're both part of and use that as a point of personal connection.

Now, if you've ever wanted to challenge your own opinions or become more aware of those opinions contrary to your own,

then you should definitely check out

Bubble, a really awesome new company that I love, which uses machine learning to send you stuff you'll like,

but with a twist of also sending stuff that will nudge you outside of your filter bubble.

It's a cool tool that first analyzes you and your interests through questions,

pictures, and videos, and then helps you flex your mental muscles with some stuff that wouldn't normally be in your feed.

It's a really nice way to expose yourself to a broader view of the world online, And it's completely free.

You can check out the chatbot on Facebook by clicking the link below

and then clicking the get started button to launch the chatbot.

Help mind your feed and feed your mind.

And subscribe for more weekly science videos every Thursday.

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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

यह स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “How Can You Change Somebody's Opinion?” पर आधारित है। सबसे ज़्यादा दोहराए गए शब्द ये हैं: opinion, study, beliefs, scientist, convince। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 6 वाक्य और 913 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 4:37 लंबा है। वक्ता तेज़ बोलता है, लगभग 198 शब्द प्रति मिनट, इसलिए जुड़ी हुई और कमज़ोर ध्वनियाँ ज़्यादा मिलेंगी। 85% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:

शब्द	उच्चारण	अर्थ
belief संज्ञा	/bɪˈliːf/	विश्वास, धारणा
scientist संज्ञा	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	वैज्ञानिक, आलिम
expose क्रिया	/ɪkˈspoʊz/	खोलना, उघाड़ना
vaccine संज्ञा	/vækˈsin/	वैक्सीन, टीका
autism संज्ञा	/ˈɔːtɪzəm/	स्वलीनता
ignore क्रिया	/ɪɡˈnɔː/	उपेक्षा, उपेक्षा करना
explanation संज्ञा	/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/	स्पष्टीकरण, समझाना
muscle संज्ञा	/ˈmʌs.əl/	पेशी, मांसपेशी
strategic विशेषण	/stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/	सामरिक
skill संज्ञा	/skɪl/	कुशलता, कौशल
agriculture संज्ञा	/ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌkʌl.t͡ʃɚ/	कृषि, खेती
impression संज्ञा	/ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/	प्रभाव, असर
cooperation संज्ञा	/koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/	सहयोग, सहकार
filter संज्ञा	/ˈfɪltɚ/	फ़िल्टर, साफी
twist क्रिया	/twɪst/	मोड़ना, मरोड़ना

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:

संरचना	वीडियो में
Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है	were told · were unchanged · are now predicted
Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी	People who didn · those who believed · children who get
Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है	have been done · you've ever wanted

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

वक्ता 19 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे don't, wouldn't, you're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।

“sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, rationalize /ˈɹæʃənəlaɪz/
लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, agriculture /ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌkʌl.t͡ʃɚ/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, intensity /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/

हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:

/v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: convince /kənˈvɪns/, cognitive /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/, vaccine /vækˈsin/, motive /ˈmoʊtɪv/, overcome /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/
/z/ — इसे “ज” (/dʒ/) न बनाएँ: expose /ɪkˈspoʊz/, autism /ˈɔːtɪzəm/, expertise /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/
शब्द की शुरुआत में s + व्यंजन — पहले “इ” न जोड़ें: strongly /ˈstɹɔŋli/, strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/, skill /skɪl/

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर belief, scientist, expose जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

शैडोइंग तकनीक: पूरी चरण-दर-चरण गाइड पढ़ें →

शैडोइंग अभ्यास: How Can You Change Somebody's Opinion? - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?