Shadowing Practice: How Can You Change Somebody's Opinion? - Learn English Speaking with Video
Elige un modo de práctica
Cada modo abre una sala de práctica a pantalla completa.
59 oraciones
Si las oraciones son demasiado cortas o largas, haz clic en Editar para ajustarlas.
1
Do you ever get into an argument where you know you're right
2
and yet even with your eloquent explanations and all of the facts on your side, you just can't get through?
3
Is there a strategic way to successfully convince somebody and change their opinion?
4
The first and most disappointing thing that you have to come to terms with is this.
5
Facts don't convince people, especially if they already have an opinion.
6
We all like to think that information or indisputable studies would convince us in an argument,
7
but study after study shows that when certain facts don't conform to our beliefs, our brains are happy to disregard or simply rationalize them away.
8
In one study, scientists asked people if they believed in man -made climate change
9
and then categorized them as either believers or deniers.
10
They then told some that scientists had re -evaluated the data
11
and concluded that predictions for the future were much worse than before, while some others were told the situation wasn't nearly as bad as once thought.
12
But these facts had an interesting result on their beliefs.
13
People who didn't believe in climate change and were told
14
that things were going to be much worse completely ignored this fact and their opinions were unchanged.
15
But if they were told that things weren't nearly as bad, their beliefs moved much farther in that direction.
16
And the same thing happened to those who believed strongly in climate change.
17
When told that things are now predicted to be worse, they shifted their opinions more strongly in that direction,
18
whereas those told it wouldn't be so bad didn't change their opinions at all.
19
The facts only caused people to polarize.
20
It turns out that once formed, people's impressions and opinions are extremely perseverant,
21
and cognitive scientists say much of this is actually linked to our ability as humans to cooperate,
22
a skill that no other animal has to the degree that humans do.
23
From hunting and gathering to agriculture and modern computers, our cooperation allows us to rely on one another's expertise instead of knowing everything.
24
As a result, we can hardly tell where our own understanding ends and another begins.
25
Ultimately, strong beliefs don't actually come from deep understanding.
26
This is known as the illusion of explanatory depth.
27
If I asked you to rate your understanding of something like a toilet,
28
zippers, or computers, chances are you believe you know way more than you actually do.
29
Go on and try to explain, step by step, how a toilet or a zipper functions in detail.
30
Sometimes this simple act can expose how baseless ours or another's opinion is.
31
In one study when participants were asked to rate their opinions of public policies like healthcare, and then later asked to explain,
32
in as much detail as possible, the impact of implementing those policies, they would quickly turn down the intensity of their beliefs,
33
having been exposed to their own ignorance.
34
How else can we overcome these tendencies and convince people in an argument?
35
It turns out that we need to focus on the common motive, as put by Tylee Sherat, a cognitive neuroscientist.
36
That is, focus on the motives and things you can agree on.
37
One study looking at parents afraid to vaccinate their children because of the fear of autism, found that if they simply told them the facts,
38
that the science shows there's no link between the two, they wouldn't listen.
39
But when they focused on the common goal of protecting the children, and explained what vaccines are meant to prevent things like measles,
40
mumps, polio, tetanus, and how those diseases impact children who get them, without even mentioning autism, they were more likely to have their kids vaccinated after.
41
Finally, humans are known to have something called an in -group and out -group bias.
42
We tend to be skeptical of outsiders, or people who we see as different from us.
43
This can come in the form of race, religion, physical traits, gender, but also in the form of ideas.
44
So people who don't share your ideas are part of your out -group.
45
Studies have been done to show that
46
if you can find a way to relate to people and have them see you in a different light,
47
to see you as part of their in -group, they're much more likely to listen to you than if they think you are nothing like them.
48
Find a group that you're both part of and use that as a point of personal connection.
49
Now, if you've ever wanted to challenge your own opinions or become more aware of those opinions contrary to your own,
50
then you should definitely check out
51
Bubble, a really awesome new company that I love, which uses machine learning to send you stuff you'll like,
52
but with a twist of also sending stuff that will nudge you outside of your filter bubble.
53
It's a cool tool that first analyzes you and your interests through questions,
54
pictures, and videos, and then helps you flex your mental muscles with some stuff that wouldn't normally be in your feed.
55
It's a really nice way to expose yourself to a broader view of the world online, And it's completely free.
56
You can check out the chatbot on Facebook by clicking the link below
57
and then clicking the get started button to launch the chatbot.
58
Help mind your feed and feed your mind.
59
And subscribe for more weekly science videos every Thursday.
Descargar app
Todo lo que necesitas para hablar con fluidez
Pronunciación con IAEvalúa cada oración
Práctica de IPADomina cada sonido
VocabularioConstruye tu banco de palabras
Juego de vocabularioAprende mientras juegas
Mismo canal
B22
The Truth About Nuclear Energy
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C121
Is Binge Watching Bad For You?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
Your Brain on Drugs: Marijuana
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B24
The Best Way To Stop Overeating
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
How To Improve Your Memory RIGHT NOW!
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1100
It's way different than you think
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B25
Why You're Always Tired (and how to fix it)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B12
The Periodic Table Song (2018 Update!) | SCIENCE SONGS
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
B222
Does Being Cold Make You Sick?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
What If The World Went Vegetarian?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B29
How Is Your Phone Changing You?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B28
Your Life Now Vs. In The Past
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C138
5 Crazy Ways Social Media Is Changing Your Brain Right Now
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C113
Your Brain On MDMA
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B23
How Much Sleep Do You Actually Need?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
How porn completely changes your brain
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C112
How To Fall Asleep In 2 Minutes
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
The illusion that broken the internet
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B2What Does Your PEE Say About You?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1How to trick your brain to fall asleep instantly
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Recomendar Video
B23
120 oraciones
Why Does the Brain Resist Changing an Opinion Even After New Evidence? | B2 English Shadowing
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
75 oraciones
Become a great strategic thinker | Ian Bremmer
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
654 oraciones
Stuart & Cliffe Knechtle | Do Agnostics Just Want To Have Control? | Give Me an Answer
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C111
39 oraciones
You Will Only Like Half of This Video
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C122
53 oraciones
Harvard negotiator explains how to argue | Dan Shapiro
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
261 oraciones
The Human Element
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
125 oraciones
The Surprising Reason Your Past Still Controls You
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
457 oraciones
How to be less neurotic | The Gray Area
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
203 oraciones
How To Rewire Your Brain | Andrew Huberman Motivation
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
73 oraciones
Why you should "steel man" other people
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
710 oraciones
The truth about peptides, NAD, & other longevity treatments | Rachele Pojednic, Ph.D.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
63 oraciones
TED@NYC: The Power of Negative Thinking
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “How Can You Change Somebody's Opinion?”. Las palabras que más se repiten: opinion, study, beliefs, scientist, convince. Este vídeo tiene 6 frases y 913 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:37. El hablante habla rápido, unas 198 palabras por minuto, así que espera sonidos enlazados y reducidos. El 85 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| belief sustantivo | /bɪˈliːf/ | creencia |
| convince verbo | /kənˈvɪns/ | convencer, llevar al huerto |
| scientist sustantivo | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | científico, científica |
| expose verbo | /ɪkˈspoʊz/ | exponer, develar |
| strongly adverbio | /ˈstɹɔŋli/ | fuertemente |
| cognitive adjetivo | /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/ | cognitivo, cognoscitivo |
| vaccine sustantivo | /vækˈsin/ | vacuna, linfa |
| autism sustantivo | /ˈɔːtɪzəm/ | autismo |
| motive sustantivo | /ˈmoʊtɪv/ | motivo, motivante |
| ignore verbo | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | ignorar, desoír |
| successfully adverbio | /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/ | exitosamente |
| explanation sustantivo | /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ | explicación |
| muscle sustantivo | /ˈmʌs.əl/ | músculo |
| strategic adjetivo | /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ | estratégico |
| skill sustantivo | /skɪl/ | destreza, habilidad |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| check out verbo | investigar, chequear | |
| turn out verbo | resultar | |
| get through verbo | /ɡɛt ˈθɹu/ | aguantar, salir adelante |
| turn down verbo | rechazar |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | were told · were unchanged · are now predicted |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | People who didn · those who believed · children who get |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | have been done · you've ever wanted |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 19 contracciones y formas reducidas, como don't, wouldn't, you're. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, rationalize /ˈɹæʃənəlaɪz/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, agriculture /ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌkʌl.t͡ʃɚ/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, intensity /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: strongly /ˈstɹɔŋli/, strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/, skill /skɪl/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: convince /kənˈvɪns/, cognitive /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/, vaccine /vækˈsin/, motive /ˈmoʊtɪv/, overcome /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: expose /ɪkˈspoʊz/, autism /ˈɔːtɪzəm/, expertise /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, categorize /ˈkætɪɡəˌɹaɪz/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como belief, convince, scientist.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.