Shadowing Practice: What If The World Went Vegetarian? - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Chances are you or someone you know is a vegetarian, so we thought we'd try a thought experiment.
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What would happen if everyone in the world was suddenly a vegetarian?
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What effect would it have on our lives and the planet?
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Before we begin, full disclosure: none of us at ASAP Science are vegetarians, and the worldwide rate of vegetarianism is fairly low,
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ranging from about 4 -5 % in the US and Canada to a little over 30 % in India.
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5 billion cows, over a billion sheep and nearly a billion pigs in the world.
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Without any meat -eating humans to provide a market, whole herds of domestic animals would disappear.
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And this would free up vast quantities of land.
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About 33 million square kilometers of land are used for pasture, an area about the size of Africa.
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And that's not even counting the land used to grow crops exclusively for animal feed.
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Some of it would be needed for the increased amount of vegetable crops, but much of the land currently used as pasture is actually too dry to grow crops.
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Without humans adding artificial nutrients, this land could turn to desert.
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But if properly managed, it's possible that some farmland would return to its natural state of grassland or forest, which could help counteract global climate change.
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After all, the loss of CO2 -absorbing trees cleared for agriculture is a major reason why global levels of CO2 are going up.
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Cows and other grazers also affect our climate power than CO2.
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combined with the loss of forests and other effects Livestock production is responsible for about 15 % of global greenhouse gas emissions,
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which is more than all the world's planes, trains and automobiles put together.
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In fact, many scientists believe that reducing meat consumption may be one of the best strategies for managing climate change.
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A vegetarian diet would also greatly reduce water consumption.
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Around 70 % of global freshwater consumption is used in agriculture.
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It takes 15 ,000 liters to make a kilogram of beef 6 ,000 liters for pork, and 4 ,000 liters for chicken.
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Compare this with 1 ,600 liters for cereal crops 900 liters for fruit and 300 liters for garden vegetables.
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Of course, A kilogram of meat packs many more calories than the equivalent weight of fruit, but even if you compare the ratio of water per calorie of available food energy,
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beef is still 5 times more water intensive than fruit, 7 times more than veggies, and 20 times more than cereal.
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So are there any downsides to a vegetarian diet?
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Well, we'd be left without a cheap source for many byproducts of livestock,
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like leather from animal hides or animal fats which alternatives do exist,
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their production would need to increase, meaning more land dedicated to growing crops and less restored to its natural state.
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A more complicated fact is that raising and processing animals is a full time job for more than 1 billion people,
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most of whom are small scale farmers in the developing world.
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While some may be able to move to producing milk or eggs, or even growing vegetable crops, many would be faced with their way of life becoming obsolete.
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Of course, any increase in vegetarianism is likely to be a gradual process rather than a sudden cutoff, and surprisingly, the trends are actually in the opposite direction.
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In places like India and China, people are becoming wealthier and as a result consuming more meat which effectively cancels out the declines we see in other countries.
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So we actually tried to go vegetarian for 21 days straight as an experiment in our new ASAP Thought episode.
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Check out the video if you want to see how it went, what we learned in the process and how he felt about it both mentally and physically.
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And subscribe for more weekly science videos.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel B2 se basa en el vídeo “What If The World Went Vegetarian?”. Las palabras que más se repiten: liters, vegetarian, crops, land, animal. Este vídeo tiene 36 frases y 622 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 3:46. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 165 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 80 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| vegetarian sustantivo | /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/ | vegetariano, vegetariana |
| crop sustantivo | /kɹɑp/ | cultivo |
| vegetable sustantivo | /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ | verdura, legumbre |
| kilogram sustantivo | /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/ | kilogramo, quilogramo |
| pasture sustantivo | /ˈpæst͡ʃəɹ/ | pasto, pradera |
| vegetarianism sustantivo | /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/ | vegetarianismo |
| calorie sustantivo | /ˈkæləɹi/ | caloría |
| cereal sustantivo | /ˈsɪə.ɹɪ.əl/ | cereal, herbal |
| livestock sustantivo | /ˈlaɪvstɑk/ | ganado |
| cow sustantivo | /kaʊ/ | vaca |
| counteract verbo | /ˈkaʊntəɹˌækt/ | contrarrestar |
| cutoff sustantivo | /kəˈtɔf/ | corte |
| farmland sustantivo | /ˈfɑːɹmlænd/ | chacra, chácara |
| grassland sustantivo | pradera, herbazal | |
| veggie sustantivo | /ˈvɛd͡ʒi/ | vegetal, verdura |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| check out verbo | investigar, chequear |
| go up verbo | subir |
| put together verbo | construir, elaborar |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: freshwater /ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/, emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, sheep /ˈʃiːp/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, vegetarianism /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/, automobile /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/, vegetarianism /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/, livestock /ˈlaɪvstɑk/, veggie /ˈvɛd͡ʒi/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: vegetarianism /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/, grazer /ˈɡɹeɪz.ə(ɹ)/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/
- /dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/, vegetarianism /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/, veggie /ˈvɛd͡ʒi/, gradual /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como vegetarian, crop, vegetable.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.