Shadowing Practice: What If The World Went Vegetarian? - Learn English Speaking with Video

בחר מצב תרגול

כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.

36 משפטים
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1
Chances are you or someone you know is a vegetarian, so we thought we'd try a thought experiment.
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What would happen if everyone in the world was suddenly a vegetarian?
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What effect would it have on our lives and the planet?
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Before we begin, full disclosure: none of us at ASAP Science are vegetarians, and the worldwide rate of vegetarianism is fairly low,
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ranging from about 4 -5 % in the US and Canada to a little over 30 % in India.
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5 billion cows, over a billion sheep and nearly a billion pigs in the world.
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Without any meat -eating humans to provide a market, whole herds of domestic animals would disappear.
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And this would free up vast quantities of land.
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About 33 million square kilometers of land are used for pasture, an area about the size of Africa.
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And that's not even counting the land used to grow crops exclusively for animal feed.
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Some of it would be needed for the increased amount of vegetable crops, but much of the land currently used as pasture is actually too dry to grow crops.
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Without humans adding artificial nutrients, this land could turn to desert.
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But if properly managed, it's possible that some farmland would return to its natural state of grassland or forest, which could help counteract global climate change.
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After all, the loss of CO2 -absorbing trees cleared for agriculture is a major reason why global levels of CO2 are going up.
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Cows and other grazers also affect our climate power than CO2.
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combined with the loss of forests and other effects Livestock production is responsible for about 15 % of global greenhouse gas emissions,
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which is more than all the world's planes, trains and automobiles put together.
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In fact, many scientists believe that reducing meat consumption may be one of the best strategies for managing climate change.
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A vegetarian diet would also greatly reduce water consumption.
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Around 70 % of global freshwater consumption is used in agriculture.
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It takes 15 ,000 liters to make a kilogram of beef 6 ,000 liters for pork, and 4 ,000 liters for chicken.
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Compare this with 1 ,600 liters for cereal crops 900 liters for fruit and 300 liters for garden vegetables.
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Of course, A kilogram of meat packs many more calories than the equivalent weight of fruit, but even if you compare the ratio of water per calorie of available food energy,
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beef is still 5 times more water intensive than fruit, 7 times more than veggies, and 20 times more than cereal.
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So are there any downsides to a vegetarian diet?
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Well, we'd be left without a cheap source for many byproducts of livestock,
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like leather from animal hides or animal fats which alternatives do exist,
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their production would need to increase, meaning more land dedicated to growing crops and less restored to its natural state.
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A more complicated fact is that raising and processing animals is a full time job for more than 1 billion people,
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most of whom are small scale farmers in the developing world.
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While some may be able to move to producing milk or eggs, or even growing vegetable crops, many would be faced with their way of life becoming obsolete.
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Of course, any increase in vegetarianism is likely to be a gradual process rather than a sudden cutoff, and surprisingly, the trends are actually in the opposite direction.
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In places like India and China, people are becoming wealthier and as a result consuming more meat which effectively cancels out the declines we see in other countries.
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So we actually tried to go vegetarian for 21 days straight as an experiment in our new ASAP Thought episode.
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Check out the video if you want to see how it went, what we learned in the process and how he felt about it both mentally and physically.
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And subscribe for more weekly science videos.

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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה

שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “What If The World Went Vegetarian?”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: liters, vegetarian, crops, land, animal. בסרטון הזה יש 36 משפטים ו-622 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 3:46. הדובר מדבר בקצב טבעי של כ-165 מילים בדקה, קרוב לשיחה יומיומית. רק 80% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שאוצר המילים מאתגר.

אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה

15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:

מילההגייהמשמעות
vegetarian שם עצם/vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/צמחוני
crop שם עצם/kɹɑp/יבול
vegetable שם עצם/ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/יֶרֶק
kilogram שם עצם/ˈkɪləɡɹæm/קִילוֹגְרָם
vegetarianism שם עצם/vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/צִמְחוֹנוּת
calorie שם עצם/ˈkæləɹi/קָלוֹרְיָה
cereal שם עצם/ˈsɪə.ɹɪ.əl/דָּגָן
cow שם עצם/kaʊ/פָּרָה
dedicate פועל/ˈdɛdɪˌkeɪt/הקדיש
obsolete שם תואר/ˈɑbsəlit/מיושן
greenhouse שם עצם/ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/חֲמָמָה
absorb פועל/æbˈsɔɹb/ספג
consume פועל/kənˈsum/צרך
automobile שם עצם/ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/מְכוֹנִית
subscribe פועל/səbˈskɹaɪb/נִמְנָה

Phrasal verbs שתשמעו

מילהמשמעות
check out פועלבדק
go up פועלעָלָה

הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה

  • הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: freshwater /ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/, emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, sheep /ˈʃiːp/
  • מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, vegetarianism /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/, automobile /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/

צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:

  • /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: freshwater /ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/, quantity /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/
  • /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: kilogram /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/, pasture /ˈpæst͡ʃəɹ/, calorie /ˈkæləɹi/, counteract /ˈkaʊntəɹˌækt/, farmland /ˈfɑːɹmlænd/
  • /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, crop /kɹɑp/, kilogram /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/, pasture /ˈpæst͡ʃəɹ/, vegetarianism /vɛd͡ʒɪˈtɛɹi.ənɪzəm/

איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה

  1. הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
  2. התחילו במהירות 0.75×, תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט, וחזרו למהירות רגילה כשזה מרגיש קל.
  3. הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו vegetarian, crop, vegetable.

מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?

שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.

טכניקת Shadowing: קרא את המדריך המלא שלב אחר שלב →