跟读练习: What If The World Went Vegetarian? - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Chances are you or someone you know is a vegetarian, so we thought we'd try a thought experiment.
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What would happen if everyone in the world was suddenly a vegetarian?
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What effect would it have on our lives and the planet?
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Before we begin, full disclosure: none of us at ASAP Science are vegetarians, and the worldwide rate of vegetarianism is fairly low,
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ranging from about 4 -5 % in the US and Canada to a little over 30 % in India.
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5 billion cows, over a billion sheep and nearly a billion pigs in the world.
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Without any meat -eating humans to provide a market, whole herds of domestic animals would disappear.
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And this would free up vast quantities of land.
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About 33 million square kilometers of land are used for pasture, an area about the size of Africa.
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And that's not even counting the land used to grow crops exclusively for animal feed.
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Some of it would be needed for the increased amount of vegetable crops, but much of the land currently used as pasture is actually too dry to grow crops.
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Without humans adding artificial nutrients, this land could turn to desert.
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But if properly managed, it's possible that some farmland would return to its natural state of grassland or forest, which could help counteract global climate change.
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After all, the loss of CO2 -absorbing trees cleared for agriculture is a major reason why global levels of CO2 are going up.
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Cows and other grazers also affect our climate power than CO2.
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combined with the loss of forests and other effects Livestock production is responsible for about 15 % of global greenhouse gas emissions,
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which is more than all the world's planes, trains and automobiles put together.
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In fact, many scientists believe that reducing meat consumption may be one of the best strategies for managing climate change.
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A vegetarian diet would also greatly reduce water consumption.
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Around 70 % of global freshwater consumption is used in agriculture.
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It takes 15 ,000 liters to make a kilogram of beef 6 ,000 liters for pork, and 4 ,000 liters for chicken.
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Compare this with 1 ,600 liters for cereal crops 900 liters for fruit and 300 liters for garden vegetables.
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Of course, A kilogram of meat packs many more calories than the equivalent weight of fruit, but even if you compare the ratio of water per calorie of available food energy,
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beef is still 5 times more water intensive than fruit, 7 times more than veggies, and 20 times more than cereal.
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So are there any downsides to a vegetarian diet?
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Well, we'd be left without a cheap source for many byproducts of livestock,
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like leather from animal hides or animal fats which alternatives do exist,
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their production would need to increase, meaning more land dedicated to growing crops and less restored to its natural state.
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A more complicated fact is that raising and processing animals is a full time job for more than 1 billion people,
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most of whom are small scale farmers in the developing world.
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While some may be able to move to producing milk or eggs, or even growing vegetable crops, many would be faced with their way of life becoming obsolete.
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Of course, any increase in vegetarianism is likely to be a gradual process rather than a sudden cutoff, and surprisingly, the trends are actually in the opposite direction.
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In places like India and China, people are becoming wealthier and as a result consuming more meat which effectively cancels out the declines we see in other countries.
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So we actually tried to go vegetarian for 21 days straight as an experiment in our new ASAP Thought episode.
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Check out the video if you want to see how it went, what we learned in the process and how he felt about it both mentally and physically.
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And subscribe for more weekly science videos.
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关于本课
在本课中，学习者将通过思考世界素食的假设，练习英语口语。视频探讨了如果全球的人都变成素食者，会对生活和环境产生哪些影响。通过学习相关词汇和短语，学生将提高他们的英语表达能力，并通过模仿讲话的方式来增强语言流利度。
关键词汇与短语
- 素食主义者 (vegetarian): 不食用肉类的人
- 温室气体排放 (greenhouse gas emissions): 导致全球变暖的气体排放
- 水消耗 (water consumption): 使用的水量
- 农业 (agriculture): 与种植和养殖相关的工作
- 气候变化 (climate change): 地球气候的长期变化
- 动物饲养 (livestock production): 养殖家畜的行为
- 食品能量 (food energy): 食物所提供的能量
- 自然状态 (natural state): 动植物自然生长的环境
练习建议
在进行英语影子跟读（shadow speak）时，建议与视频中的讲话者保持一致的节奏和语调。视频速度适中，清晰易懂，非常适合进行雅思口语练习。可以尝试以下几种方法：
- 重复每个句子，尽量模仿讲话者的语音语调，并注意重音和语调变化。
- 练习时，可以暂停视频，仔细听每个单词的发音，然后复述。
- 根据视频内容，运用关键词汇和短语进行延伸练习，尝试结合自己的生活经验进行表达。
- 记录自己的练习声音，回放时注意与原声的差异，进行调整。
这种shadowspeak（影子演讲）练习可以有效提升你的语言能力，促进思维的灵活性，帮助你在真实的对话中更自信地表达。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。