跟读练习: The Best Way To Stop Overeating - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Indulging in food is a favorite pastime for many.

But considering that ⅔ of Americans, or approximately 207337021 are overweight?

Perhaps we enjoy food a bit too much.

So, why can't we stop ourselves from consuming so much fatty and sugary food?

How do we beat overeating?

When your stomach is empty it releases a hormone called ghrelin.

Ghrelin interacts in the brain with the neurotransmitter NPY and turns on the desire to eat.

Once you satisfy this desire by eating, ghrelin levels drop back down and hunger subsides.

Conversely, after eating, a different hormone, leptin, is released from the stomach and fat cells, and interferes with NPY, further turning off the desire to eat, and making you feel full.

But if this hunger regulation system is in place, why can't we say no to that piece of cake, or second helping of chips?

Many food psychologists believe that in the past, energy-rich foods such as those with lots of fat and sugar, were hard to come by.

As hunter-gatherers, the human body needed to take advantage of these meals for survival, and as a result, they became extremely desirable.

But in today's world, we can get a high fat and sugary meal on any corner at any hour.

The problem is, the instinct and desire still remains, and so we struggle to stop eating these meals.

Recently, it's been discovered that the continual intake of fat and sugar overrides the regulatory system of ghrelin and leptin.

The signalling pathway is insufficient to control our new diet, and so our initial evolutionary desire now plagues our ability to choose wisely and eat healthy.

It's a self-perpetuating problem.

The more unhealthy food you eat, the more you desire food.

Got a burning question you want answered?

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FOR YOU

本课的词汇与口语要点

这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“The Best Way To Stop Overeating”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：desire, ghrelin, fat, eat, meal。这段视频共有 21 个句子、313 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 1:43。说话人语速较快，每分钟约 182 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。只有 80% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。全部 21 个句子中有 5 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
ghrelin 名词	/ˈɡɹɛlɪn/	飢餓素 /饥饿素
hormone 名词	/ˈhoɹmoʊn/	激素, 荷爾蒙 /荷尔蒙
hunger 名词	/ˈhʌŋɡɚ/	飢餓 /饥饿
neurotransmitter 名词		神經傳導物質 /神经传导物质, 神經遞質 /神经递质
overeat 动词	/ˌoʊvɚˈit/	吃得過多 /吃得过多, 暴食
pastime 名词	/ˈpæs.taɪm/	消遣, 娛樂 /娱乐
perpetuate 动词	/pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/	使……永久化, 使……永存
subside 动词	/sʌbˈsaɪd/	平息, 减退
conversely 副词	/kənˈvɝsli/	倒, 轉而 /转而
indulge 动词	/ɪnˈdʌld͡ʒ/	屈服
overweight 形容词	/ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/	超重
psychologist 名词	/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/	心理學家 /心理学家
desirable 形容词	/dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/	合意, 合乎願望的 /合乎愿望的
instinct 名词	/ˈɪn.stɪŋkt/	本能, 天性
interfere 动词	/ˌɪn.tɚˈfɪɚ/	妨礙 /妨碍, 阻礙 /阻碍

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	释义
turn off 动词	關 /关, 關掉 /关掉

需要注意的发音

“th” 音: unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/
“sh” 和 “zh” 音: insufficient /ɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/
长单词——注意重音位置: perpetuate /pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/, insufficient /ɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: overeat /ˌoʊvɚˈit/, override /oʊ.vɚˈɹaɪd/, conversely /kənˈvɝsli/, overweight /ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: overeat /ˌoʊvɚˈit/, override /oʊ.vɚˈɹaɪd/, perpetuate /pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/, subside /sʌbˈsaɪd/, indulge /ɪnˈdʌld͡ʒ/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: ghrelin /ˈɡɹɛlɪn/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 ghrelin, hormone, hunger 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: The Best Way To Stop Overeating - 通过视频学习英语口语

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