跟读练习: How Is Your Phone Changing You? - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Of the 7 billion people on Earth, roughly 6 billion own a cell phone, which is pretty shocking given that only 4.5 billion have access to a working toilet.
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So how are these popular gadgets changing your body and brain?
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If you're looking down at your phone right now, your spine angle is equivalent to that of an 8 year old child sitting on your neck,
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which is fairly significant considering people spend an average of 4.7 hours a day looking at their phone.
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This, combined with the length of time spent in front of computers, has led to an increase in the prevalence of myopia or nearsightedness in North America.
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In the 1970s, about one quarter of the population had myopia, where today nearly half do, and in some parts of Asia,
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80-90% of the population is now nearsighted.
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And it can be hard to put your phone down.
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Take for example the game Candy Crush.
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As you play the game, you achieve small goals, causing your brain to be rewarded with little bursts of dopamine.
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and eventually you're rewarded in the game with new content.
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This novelty also gives little bursts of dopamine and together create what is known as a compulsion loop,
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which just happens to be the same loop responsible for the behaviors associated with nicotine or cocaine.
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Our brains are hardwired to make us novelty seeking, and this is why apps on our phones are designed to constantly provide us with new content, making them hard to put down.
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As a result, 93% of young people aged 18-29 report using their smartphone as a tool to avoid boredom,
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as opposed to other activities like reading a book or engaging with people around them.
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This has created a new term, gnomophobia, the fear or anxiety of being without your phone.
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We also see a change in brain patterns.
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Alpha rhythms are commonly associated with wakeful relaxation, like when your mind wanders off, whereas gamma waves are associated with conscious attentiveness.
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And experiments have shown that when a cell phone is transmitting, say during a phone call, the power of these alpha waves is significantly boosted,
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meaning phone transmissions can literally change the way your brain functions.
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Your smartphone can also disrupt your sleep.
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The screen emits a blue light which has been shown to alter our circadian rhythms, diminishing the time spent in deep sleep, which is linked to the development of diabetes, cancer and obesity.
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Studies have shown that people who read on their smartphone at night have a harder time falling asleep and produce less melatonin, a hormone responsible for the regulation of sleep-wake cycles.
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Harvard Medical School advises the last 2-3 hours before bed be technology free, so pick up a book before bed instead.
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Of course, smartphones also completely change our ability to access information, most notably in poor and minority populations.
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7% of Americans are entirely dependent on smartphones for their access to the internet.
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A 2014 study found that the majority of smartphone owners use their phone for online banking, to look up medical information, and searching for jobs.
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So while phones are in no way exclusively bad, and have been part of a positive change in the world, there's no denying that they are changing us.
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But many successful people have now decided to take smartphone vacations in order to increase productivity.
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In our new ASAP Thought video, we break down the top 6 reasons you should take a smartphone vacation and how it could benefit your life right now.
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And subscribe for more weekly science videos.
這個視頻適合誰？
適合想要提升雅思口语练习能力、通過看视频学英语的中高級学习者。內容涉及科技影響、健康知識等實用話題，語速適中，詞彙豐富，非常適合shadowing練習（如使用shadowing site或shadow speak技巧），幫助鍛煉聽力理解與口語表達的同步性。
值得借鑒的詞彙和短語
- compulsion loop：強制循環（指不斷誘發行為的獎勵機制）
- gnomophobia：無手機恐懼症（對失去手機的焦慮）
- circadian rhythms：晝夜節律（生物體的內在時間調節機制）
- hardwired：與生俱來的（如“大腦天生追求新鮮感”）
如何糾正口音？
注意 speaker 對長難詞的輕重讀，如“myopia”（近視）重音在第一音節，“melatonin”（褪黑素）重音在第二音節。練習時可使用shadowspeak方法，逐句跟讀並錄音對比，重點模仿語調的起伏（如解釋科學現象時的平緩語氣，列舉數據時的輕微強調）。此外，短語“pick up a book”中的“pick up”要輕讀，避免過度發音。堅持每天15分鐘，可顯著提升口語流暢度。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。