Pratique du Shadowing: The Best Way To Stop Overeating - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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21 phrases
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Indulging in food is a favorite pastime for many.
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But considering that ⅔ of Americans, or approximately 207337021 are overweight?
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Perhaps we enjoy food a bit too much.
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So, why can't we stop ourselves from consuming so much fatty and sugary food?
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How do we beat overeating?
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When your stomach is empty it releases a hormone called ghrelin.
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Ghrelin interacts in the brain with the neurotransmitter NPY and turns on the desire to eat.
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Once you satisfy this desire by eating, ghrelin levels drop back down and hunger subsides.
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Conversely, after eating, a different hormone, leptin, is released from the stomach and fat cells, and interferes with NPY, further turning off the desire to eat, and making you feel full.
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But if this hunger regulation system is in place, why can't we say no to that piece of cake, or second helping of chips?
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Many food psychologists believe that in the past, energy-rich foods such as those with lots of fat and sugar, were hard to come by.
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As hunter-gatherers, the human body needed to take advantage of these meals for survival, and as a result, they became extremely desirable.
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But in today's world, we can get a high fat and sugary meal on any corner at any hour.
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The problem is, the instinct and desire still remains, and so we struggle to stop eating these meals.
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Recently, it's been discovered that the continual intake of fat and sugar overrides the regulatory system of ghrelin and leptin.
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The signalling pathway is insufficient to control our new diet, and so our initial evolutionary desire now plagues our ability to choose wisely and eat healthy.
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It's a self-perpetuating problem.
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The more unhealthy food you eat, the more you desire food.
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Got a burning question you want answered?
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Ask it in the comments, or on Facebook and Twitter.
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And subscribe for more weekly science videos!

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « The Best Way To Stop Overeating ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : desire, ghrelin, fat, eat, meal. Cette vidéo contient 21 phrases et 313 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 1:43. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 182 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. Seuls 80 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant. 5 de ses 21 phrases sont des questions : un bon entraînement pour l’intonation interrogative et les réponses courtes.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
ghrelin nom/ˈɡɹɛlɪn/ghréline
hormone nom/ˈhoɹmoʊn/hormone
hunger nom/ˈhʌŋɡɚ/faim
gatherer nomcueilleur, glaneur
neurotransmitter nomneurotransmetteur
overeat verbe/ˌoʊvɚˈit/trop manger, se suralimenter
override verbe/oʊ.vɚˈɹaɪd/outrepasser
pastime nom/ˈpæs.taɪm/passe-temps
perpetuate verbe/pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/perpétuer, pérenniser
subside verbe/sʌbˈsaɪd/tomber, se déposer
conversely adverbe/kənˈvɝsli/à l'inverse, inversement
indulge verbe/ɪnˈdʌld͡ʒ/céder, succomber (à la tentation)
wisely adverbe/ˈwaɪzli/sagement, savamment
unhealthy adjectif/ʌnˈhɛl.θi/malsain, mauvais pour la santé
overweight adjectif/ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/en surpoids

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotSens
turn off verbeéteindre

Prononciation à surveiller

  • Les sons « th »: unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/
  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: insufficient /ɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: perpetuate /pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/, insufficient /ɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: hormone /ˈhoɹmoʊn/, hunger /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: perpetuate /pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/, indulge /ɪnˈdʌld͡ʒ/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: ghrelin /ˈɡɹɛlɪn/, hormone /ˈhoɹmoʊn/, override /oʊ.vɚˈɹaɪd/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, desirable /dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme ghrelin, hormone, hunger.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →