Pratique du Shadowing: Your Life Now Vs. In The Past - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

Création de la leçon...
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Times feel rough, with natural disasters, major political conflicts, and uncertainty about the future.
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But as the memes roll in about it being a horrible time to be alive, you might be surprised to see your life now versus what it would have been in the past.
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Much of history actually involves humans succumbing to malnutrition and hunger.
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In ancient Egypt, a severe drought could hit and 5-10% of the entire population would die.
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Of course, things aren't perfect today, with 11% of even France suffering from food insecurity, which means their diet is limited due to socio-economic status,
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and they eat less nutritious foods and excess amounts of carbohydrates and salt, but compare this to the years of 1692 to 1694,
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when 15% of France's population literally died because food was simply too expensive.
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Today, while millions do suffer from malnutrition, advancements in technology, government agencies and NGOs help to ensure that most are not dying.
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In fact, for the first time in human history, more people are overweight than suffering from malnutrition.
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As Homo sapiens began to live in cities, there was a massive increase in disease.
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In the 1330s, a horrifying outbreak of what they believed were demons, bad air, or angry gods killed 75 to 200 million people.
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We now realize it was the flea-dwelling bacterium Yersinia pestis, known historically as the Black Plague.
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But at the time, people really had no idea what was killing them.
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In 1520, a Spanish flotilla heading to Mexico had an individual on it carrying an early case of smallpox virus.
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Within two months, the disease had killed one third of Mexico's population.
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In the following years, there were so many infectious disease outbreaks in Mexico
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that the population fell from 22 million to 2 million over the course of only 60 years.
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People were constantly dying of disease, and nobody knew how to cure them.
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Remedies at the time included praying, having cold baths, or rubbing black beetles on sores.
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Even as recently as 1918, the Spanish flu spread internationally, and within a few months, one-third of the entire world population was infected,
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and 3-5% of the world died.
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Today, most of our flu worries are based around the pain of needles.
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Modern medicine saves millions of lives.
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The smallpox vaccine fully eradicated the disease from our planet.
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When diseases like SARS or Ebola appear, and the world prepares for a severe public health emergency, far fewer people die due to international organization,
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modern technology, and continued advancements in medicine.
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When Europe colonized the Americas, an estimated 100 million people died, though precolonization populations of indigenous people is not well documented,
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making some estimates millions higher.
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As many as 85 million people died in World War II, and in ancient agricultural societies, human violence caused 15% of all deaths.
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Today, human violence accounts for around 1% of deaths.
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In 2012, only 120,000 people died in war, whereas 1.5 million died of diabetes.
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For the first time in human history, when most people consider the future, they don't assume war.
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As we look to this year, while there is still starvation, disease, war and inequalities, it's drastically better than most of human history.
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But we must continue to be critical of our governments, challenge companies and rethink the way human society is structured in order to continue progress.
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By acknowledging the successful human efforts in medical research, economic reform, peace initiatives and governmental support to decrease starvation,
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disease and violence, we can find hope for the future.
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Hope is a valuable notion to focus on as we look for a way to be content in a world that, at times, can seem so overwhelmingly bad.
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If you could use a little light-hearted fun, check out our latest t-shirt design, The Rotation of the Earth Makes My Day,
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which we just launched and is available for the next two weeks only at asapscience.com slash merch.
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We really appreciate all the support through the years and couldn't make these videos without you.
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If you like our stuff, be sure to give it a like, comment, subscribe, and hit that bell button.
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It all helps keep our channel going in the YouTube algorithm and means a lot to us.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Your Life Now Vs. In The Past ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : disease, population, died, malnutrition, violence. Cette vidéo contient 42 phrases et 692 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:01. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 172 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
malnutrition nom/ˌmæl.nuˈtɹɪʃ.ən/malnutrition
smallpox nom/ˈsmɔlpɑks/variole, petite vérole
starvation nom/stɑɹˈveɪʃən/inanition, famine
advancement nom/ædˈvæns.mənt/progrès
outbreak nom/ˈaʊtbɹeɪk/éruption, déclenchement
bacterium nom/bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/bactérie
carbohydrate nom/kɑɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/glucide
colonize verbe/ˈkɑlənaɪz/coloniser
eradicate verbe/əˈræd.əˌkeɪt/éradiquer
flotilla nom/floʊˈtɪlə/flottille
infect verbe/ɪnˈfɛkt/infecter
nutritious adjectif/nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/nutritif
rethink verbe/ɹiːˈθɪŋk/repenser, réfléchir
succumb verbe/səˈkʌm/succomber
beetle nom/ˈbiːtəl/scarabée

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotSens
check out verbemater, regarder

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 3 contractions et formes réduites, comme aren't, couldn't, don't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Les sons « th »: rethink /ɹiːˈθɪŋk/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/
  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: malnutrition /ˌmæl.nuˈtɹɪʃ.ən/, starvation /stɑɹˈveɪʃən/, nutritious /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/, infectious /ɪnˈfɛk.ʃəs/, notion /ˈnoʊʃən/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: malnutrition /ˌmæl.nuˈtɹɪʃ.ən/, carbohydrate /kɑɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/, eradicate /əˈræd.əˌkeɪt/, overwhelmingly /ˌəʊ.vəˈwɛl.mɪŋ.lɪ/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: carbohydrate /kɑɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/, horrify /ˈhɒɹɪfaɪ/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/, hunger /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/
  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: indigenous /ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒənəs/, acknowledge /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: malnutrition /ˌmæl.nuˈtɹɪʃ.ən/, starvation /stɑɹˈveɪʃən/, outbreak /ˈaʊtbɹeɪk/, bacterium /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/, carbohydrate /kɑɹboʊˈhaɪdɹeɪt/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme malnutrition, smallpox, starvation.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →