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China Youth unemployment.
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Who needs a real job?
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Youth joblessness entrenches itself.
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Few could have predicted the fallout last month after Xingyu Automotive Lighting, a big car parts maker in eastern
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China, decided it had hired too many people over the summer.
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The company gave an ultimatum to some 140 fresh graduates who had been employed there for just a few weeks,
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either resign with half a month's salary or pick up a screwdriver and take a poorly paid job on the factory floor.
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More than 100 chose to leave.
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In China, where worker protection laws are feeble, sudden layoffs of this sort are nasty but hardly unheard of.
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Yet when the news became public, it sparked an unusual outpouring of outrage.
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The People's Daily, a Communist Party mouthpiece, slammed the company for trampling on society's trust.
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Volkswagen, a German carmaker supplied by Xing Yu, said it was investigating the dismissals.
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As the pressure built, the company apologized, then fired its head of human resources and cut some of its executive salaries as an act of contrition.
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Why the FOSS?
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The layoffs tapped into a deep well of public sympathy for China's young people.
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They are struggling in a brutal job market that has upended people's expectations of what it takes to succeed in China.
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A decade ago, a university degree was still a ticket to a decent career, but a record 12 .7 million graduated this year,
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nearly 500 ,000 more than last year, and twice the number that did so a decade ago.
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Demand for these young workers, meanwhile, has plummeted amid a property market slump and flagging consumption, and despite government attempts to fix it,
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the problem is becoming only more entrenched.
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When China's official gauge of youth employment reached 20 % in 2023,
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it caused so much alarm that officials suspended the data series,
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and after a few months started releasing an optimized and much lower rate, based on a different methodology.
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But this summer, even the adjusted rate has been creeping up towards 20 % as well.
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Officials have already ordered state -owned companies to hire more graduates.
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They will be hoping that Xing Yu's humiliation will prompt private companies also to take note,
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says Jenny Chan, a sociologist at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
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She says the government wants everyone to share the national responsibility and avoid layoffs, if at all possible.
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The industries that once soaked up a lot of young people are now struggling.
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A regulatory crackdown has destroyed hundreds of thousands of tutoring jobs.
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Chinese entertainment companies, meanwhile, are rapidly adopting artificial intelligence to churn out shows without the need for actors or producers.
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Tech companies are quietly laying off engineers, and China's vast gig economy, once a reliable last resort for job seekers,
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is now overstuffed with underemployed drivers, so average earnings have slumped.
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Years of high youth unemployment are starting to reshape Chinese society.
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This intensely competitive country places a higher value on hard work than most,
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but now many young people are getting used to the fact that no one wants their labor.
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Some have dropped out of the rat race altogether
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and say they are now lying flat or giving up finding a job until the economy improves.
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Others have become self -described full -time children, staying at home to cook and clean for their parents for pocket money.
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Those who cannot cope with so much family time can at least pretend to go to work.
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Since last year, offices have been set up in several cities across
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China by firms with names like the Pretend to Work Company.
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For a small daily fee of 30 yuan, that's $4 .50 or so, people can sit at a desk, hang out by the office water cooler,
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and enjoy the routine of office life as they submit job applications or scroll on their phones.
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Public libraries are another favoured place for the pretend workforce to hang out.
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On a recent Thursday afternoon, the tables in Beijing's Capital Library, one of the city's biggest, were packed with young folk.
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Some were polishing CVs, others playing computer games.
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There's loads of pretend workers around here," said one man in a t -shirt
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and shorts who had been laid off from a tech firm six months ago.
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For his part, he said, he was taking a voluntary break from full -time employment to work on some of his own software projects
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and read a lot more books.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “China-youth unemployment”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: China, pretend, youth, companies, layoffs. Questo video contiene 51 frasi e 731 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 4:49. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 152 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Solo il 77% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| pretend verbo | /pɹəˈtɛnd/ | fare finta, fingere |
| worker sostantivo | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | lavoratore, operaio |
| meanwhile avverbio | /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ | intanto, nel frattempo |
| hire verbo | /ˈhaɪɹ/ | assoldare, noleggiare |
| salary sostantivo | /ˈsæləɹi/ | stipendio, salario |
| unemployment sostantivo | /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ | disoccupazione, inoccupazione |
| vast aggettivo | /væst/ | ampio, vasto |
| pocket sostantivo | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | tasca |
| unusual aggettivo | /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/ | insolito, particolare |
| producer sostantivo | /pɹəˈdjuːsə/ | produttore |
| desk sostantivo | /dɛsk/ | scrivania |
| decent aggettivo | /ˈdiː.sənt/ | perbene |
| sudden aggettivo | /ˈsʌd.ən/ | improvviso |
| resource sostantivo | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | risorsa |
| resort sostantivo | /ɹɪˈzɔɹt/ | villaggio vacanze, villagio turistico |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| give up verbo | arrendersi |
| lay off verbo | licenziare |
| pick up verbo | tirare su, sollevare |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | has upended · has plummeted · have already ordered |
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | had been employed · is now overstuffed · have been set |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
- I suoni “th”: altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, sympathy /ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, mouthpiece /ˈmaʊθˌpiːs/
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/, polish /ˈpɑ.lɪʃ/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, regulatory /ˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.lə.t(ɔː.)ɹi/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: hire /ˈhaɪɹ/, humiliation /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/, unheard /ʌnˈhɜː(ɹ)d/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: pretend /pɹəˈtɛnd/, unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/, vast /væst/, pocket /ˈpɑ.kɪt/, desk /dɛsk/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: salary /ˈsæləɹi/, vast /væst/, rapidly /ˈɹæpɪdli/, nasty /ˈnæs.ti/, slam /ˈslæm/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come pretend, worker, meanwhile.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.