シャドーイング練習: Atoms | Middle school chemistry | Khan Academy - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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You're walking on the street and suddenly you find a piece of gold.
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You pick it up and you get super curious.
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You have a lot of questions in your mind.
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One of the questions is, what happens if you were to break it?
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I mean, surely you can't break it with your own hands, but hey, when has that stopped you from imagining things, right?
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So what happens if you break this?
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Well, you get.. two pieces of gold.
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And then you wonder, well, what if you break it even further?
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you get even more smaller pieces.
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And what if we break it even further?
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We get even more smaller pieces.
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And now you start wondering, He Can I keep doing that?
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Can I keep breaking this piece of gold forever?
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That's what we're gonna talk about in this video.
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This was the question that many ancient philosophers from India, Greece, Rome, and probably many more pondered upon.
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They wondered, if you take any element, remember what elements are?
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These are the hundred, roughly about a hundred, building blocks that make up all the matter in the universe?
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Yeah, gold is an example of them, okay?
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So they wondered, if you take any element, could you keep breaking them down forever?
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And a lot of them thought that maybe the answer is no. Maybe you can't keep breaking it forever.
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Maybe eventually you will get one last, smallest piece of that element.
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A smallest piece of gold, for example, which you cannot break any further.
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A lot of people believed in this idea.
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And the Greeks actually named this smallest piece the atom.
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The word atom literally means uncuttable.
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because they believe that you cannot break this even more.
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Now, for a long time, many people didn't believe in this idea.
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So for centuries, the idea of atom was suppressed.
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until it was revived back by scientists like John Dalton.
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And today we have plenty of evidence that they do exist.
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So, What exactly are atoms?
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Well, think of atoms as the smallest piece of an element that has all the properties of that element.
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It is literally the building block of the element itself.
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For example, What's a gold atom?
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Gold atoms are the smallest pieces of gold, which has all the properties of gold.
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They're the building blocks of gold.
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What's a carbon atom?
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Well, they're the smallest pieces of carbon.
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They're the building blocks of carbon.
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They have all the properties of carbon.
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And just to give you another example, what's mercury atom?
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They're the smallest pieces of mercury.
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They have all the properties of the element mercury, and so on and so forth.
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Now, one question you could be having is, do atoms look like tiny balls?
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And the answer is no, it's just a representation.
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In reality, atoms are so incredibly tiny, we can't even see them with microscopes.
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So how tiny are they, you ask?
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Well, their size is incredibly hard to comprehend.
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So here's a way to think about it.
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How many gold atoms do you think you'll find in a gold ring?
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Typical gold ring.
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Well, it's not millions, not billions, it's sextillions!
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That's one followed by 21 zeros!
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That many atoms you'll probably find in a gold ring.
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And just to get a sense of this number, scientists estimate that that is roughly about the total number of stars in the observable universe.
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Let that sink in.
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That's how small atoms are.
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So long story short, almost all the matter in the universe, from the microbes to dogs and cats to mountains to planets and stars and almost everything that you see in this universe,
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they're all fundamentally made of elements.
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These are the building blocks of all the matter in the universe.
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We have about a hundred of them.
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But what are elements fundamentally made of?
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Elements like gold or any other element for that matter, they are fundamentally made of atoms.
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They are the smallest pieces of the elements, the building blocks of the elements that contain all the properties of the universe of that element.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：atom, element, gold, piece, smallest。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が64文、単語が687語あります。 音声の長さは4:06です。 話す速さは1分あたり約168語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の86%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。 全64文のうち19文が疑問文なので、疑問文のイントネーションや短い受け答えの練習に向いています。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語11語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
atom 名詞/ˈætəm/原子, アトム
mercury 名詞/ˈmɜɹkjəɹi/水銀
scientist 名詞/ˈsaɪəntəst/科学者
microbe 名詞/ˈmaɪkɹoʊb/微生物
ponder 動詞/ˈpɑn.dəɹ/熟考する
microscope 名詞/ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌskoʊp/顕微鏡, マイクロスコープ
revive 動詞/ɹɪˈvaɪ̯v/復活する, 甦る
comprehend 動詞/ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnd/解る, 理解する
philosopher 名詞/fəˈlɑsəfɚ/哲学者
sink 動詞/ˈsɪŋk/沈む
estimate 名詞/ˈɛs.tɪ.mət/推定

繰り返し練習したい文

動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。

  • Can I keep breaking this piece of gold forever?
  • That's what we're gonna talk about in this video.
  • They wondered, if you take any element, remember what elements are?
  • Maybe you can't keep breaking it forever.

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるwas suppressed · was revived · are fundamentally made
最上級 the -est / the most … — グループの中で一番the smallest
動詞 + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — 後ろに-ing形が続く動詞start wondering · keep breaking
「will」の未来表現 will + 動詞 — その場の決定、約束、予測will get · you'll find · you'll probably find

注意したい発音

話し手はthey're, can't, you'llなど、短縮形や弱形を14回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: observable /əbˈzɜː.və.bəl/, philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: observable /əbˈzɜː.və.bəl/, revive /ɹɪˈvaɪ̯v/
  • 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: mercury /ˈmɜɹkjəɹi/, scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, comprehend /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnd/, sink /ˈsɪŋk/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。atom, mercury, scientistなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →