シャドーイング練習: How do you say sorry? ⏲️ 6 Minute English - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil.
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And I'm Beth.
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In English, there are many ways to apologise, depending on the situation.
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In formal situations, you could say please forgive me, while to a friend you might just say my bad.
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And of course, there's the most common phrase of all, I'm sorry.
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Can you remember a time when you had to apologise, Beth?
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Oh, I had to apologise this morning because I stepped on someone's toes on the tube.
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OK.
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Well, apologising depends on what you've done.
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So sorry is fine if you accidentally step on someone's toes like you did this morning, Beth.
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But what if you do something really serious, like the Ghanaian journalist Afia Pukua, who publicly criticised the king of the Ashanti tribe?
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Here's BBC World Service programme The Fifth Floor covering the story.
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I guess it's not every day that you end up offending a king, but let's say you did.
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Would you know how to apologise to him?
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Recently in Ghana, a journalist made some comments on television about the king of the Asante tribe and soon she found herself at his palace apologising.
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The presenter says it's not every day that you offend a king.
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The phrase it's not every day that highlights that what's happened is very unusual.
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So, how do apologies change from culture to culture?
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Well, that's what we'll be finding out in this episode, along with some useful new words and phrases.
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And remember, you'll find all the vocabulary from this episode on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
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Now, I have a question for you, Beth.
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We know that people from different in different ways.
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But what might someone do to say sorry if they were from India?
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Would they a.
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offer a gift, b.
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pull their earlobes, or c.
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bow down?
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Oh, I am going to guess c.
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bow down.
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OK, well, we'll find out if you're right at the end of the programme.
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Let's return to Afiya Pakur, the journalist who criticised the king of the Ashanti tribe.
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Her comments divided opinion in Ghana, but eventually Afia decided to say sorry to the king, following strict traditional rules that she dress in black and apologise kneeling down on her knees.
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Afia's story shows the influence of culture on how people say sorry.
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Let's listen now as three BBC journalists from different countries explain to World Service programme The Fifth Floor how to say sorry in their culture.
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I would say that Pakistanis generally, they're not really expressive.
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And we're also very cheeky.
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So what we generally do is we would slide an apology in the middle of a conversation, and then very quickly move on to a new topic so that we don't have to sort of be very upfront about it.
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In Russia, we also have a tradition called Forgiveness Sunday, which happens on the last Sunday before Easter.
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The tradition is that you call your family and friends and apologize for any swerves you've caused.
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In Korea, the way of saying sorry varies depending on the relationship between the speaker and the listener due to the complex and horrific system in the language.
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In many cases, we say 죄송합니다.
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This is used in formal situations or with people we don't know well.
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And we often bow when saying 죄송합니다.
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Journalist Asam Mahmood thinks apologising in Pakistan is different because people are not expressive.
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They don't usually show what they think or feel.
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Rather, he says Pakistanis tend to be cheeky, an adjective meaning slightly rude, but in a funny, playful way.
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In Pakistan, people sometimes avoid being upfront about what they've done.
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If you're upfront about something, you speak openly about it, so everyone knows your feelings and intentions.
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Moving now to Russia, the journalist Liza Focht describes a tradition called Forgiveness Sunday, when people apologise to friends and family for sorrows they have caused.
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Sorrows are sources of sadness or regret.
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And finally, in Korea, how you say sorry depends on who you're apologising to.
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Korea has a complicated, honorific system dictating how people above you, in the social order, should be addressed.
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Honorific means showing respect and honour to someone.
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Well, there's a saying that sorry is the hardest word.
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But who knew there were so many ways to say it?
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Yes.
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And it's not just words.
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If you're really sorry, you do something to make things right – like giving a small gift.
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So Neil, what do people in India do?
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What's the answer to your question?
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Yes, well I asked what people in India do to apologise.
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And what answer did you give me, Beth.
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I said bow down.
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Is that right?
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I'm afraid that was the wrong answer.
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You should apologise to me for that.
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It is in fact B in India.
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It's common to tug your earlobes when apologising.
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned, starting with the idiom, it's not every day that, which is used to say that something is very unusual.
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An expressive person shows what they think or feel.
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The adjective cheeky means slightly rude in a funny, playful way.
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When you are up front about something, you speak openly and clearly so people know your true intentions.
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Sorrows are sources of sadness or regret.
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And finally, the adjective honorific means showing respect and honour to someone.
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Well, I'm sorry to say that once again our six minutes are up.
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But if you are ready for more just head over to our website bbclearningenglish.com for a quiz and a worksheet for this episode.
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Bye for now!
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Goodbye!
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コンテキストと背景
この動画は、BBC Learning Englishの「6 Minute English」というシリーズの一部で、英語における謝罪の表現について探求しています。ホストのニールとベスは、英語での謝罪方法が場面に応じてどう変わるか、そして異なる文化における謝罪の仕方について解説します。英語を学ぶ上で、実生活のシチュエーションに即した表現を知ることはとても重要です。
日常会話のためのトップ5フレーズ
- I'm sorry. - 一般的な謝罪の表現
- Please forgive me. - よりフォーマルな謝罪の仕方
- My bad. - カジュアルな友人への謝罪
- Can you forgive me? - 丁寧なお願いの形で謝罪
- I apologize. - ビジネスシーンで使える謝罪
ステップバイステップのシャドウイングガイド
この動画を通じて、英語の謝罪の表現を効率的に学ぶために、シャドウイングを行う方法を以下のステップで説明します。シャドウイングは、英語の発音やリズムを模倣するための効果的な方法であり、特にshadowing siteでの練習が役立ちます。
- 動画を全体的に見て、内容を理解する。
- 各フレーズを聞いて、その意味と場面を考える。
- 音声を一時停止し、それに続いて自分の声を出す。 これにより、正しい発音や流れを習得できます。
- 繰り返し練習する。 同じフレーズを何度も繰り返すことで、自然なスピーチが可能になります。
- 最後に、動画の文脈を思い出しながら実際の会話で使ってみる。 これがあなたのIELTS スピーキング対策にも役立ちます。
シャドウスピーキングやshadowspeakに焦点を当てることで、様々な謝罪の表現を自然に使えるようになるでしょう。この練習を通じて、英語のスピーキング能力が向上し、異文化理解も深まります。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。