シャドーイング練習: What Makes Us Happy? | practice English with Spotlight - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Welcome to Spotlight.
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I’m Adam Navis. And I’m Ruby Jones.
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Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting.
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It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
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If you could wish for one thing, what would it be?
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Is there one thing that would make you happy?
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You may wish for a larger house, a better job, or a new car.
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These are all normal things which people think will bring them happiness.
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Most people believe that the rule for happiness is simple: happiness is getting what you want.
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But you know what? People are wrong.
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Today's Spotlight is on this question: what makes people happy?
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In the end, we will find that people who seem happy as children are not always happy as adults.
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Also, people are not that good at knowing what will make them happy.
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And finally, we will see how happiness has more to do with ourselves than with our situation.
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Some important research began in 1937.
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It was called the Grant Study.
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This study involved several hundred male college students.
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It followed their lives over the next 70 years.
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Every few years the men were examined by doctors.
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They had mental tests and answered a series of written questions.
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This information was collected and organized.
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Today, the men are old, so the information is being collected together.
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The results are interesting.
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People who were happy as children were not always happy or successful as adults.
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The study used students from Harvard University.
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Harvard is one of the United State's top universities - and one of the most costly.
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As children, the students had financial security.
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They attended the best schools.
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As far as anyone could see, they were on the path to a good job, a good family, and happy life.
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But not everyone developed into a happy, healthy adult.
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In fact, those who reported the most happiness as adults often grew up in difficult situations, such as having a parent who hit them.
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The study showed that it was not a question of which men would experience trouble, but how they would react when they did.
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Everyone experiences trouble.
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It is often those people who have learned to deal with trouble when they were children who are best able to deal with it as adults.
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Joshua Wolf Shenk is a writer.
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In the magazine Atlantic Monthly, he wrote about some of the results of the research:".
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People learn how to deal with trouble from the pain of experience.
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They then use these skills through their whole lives.
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For example, compare two men - the study names them "David Goodhart" and "Carlton Tarrytown." Both men grew up afraid and lonely.
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Goodhart was raised in a lower-class family.
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His father drank alcohol, and his mother was "very tense, afraid, and worried." Tarrytown was raised in a wealthy family.
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But his father also drank alcohol.
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His mother was so depressed that Tarrytown was afraid she would kill herself.
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Goodhart went on to become a leader on human rights issues.
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Goodhart was in the top fifth of the Grant Study in mental health.
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However, Tarrytown was in the bottom fifth.
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He was divorced three times.
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He drank alcohol and took drugs to deal with his pain.
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At age 53, Tarrytown killed himself.
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Goodhart lived to 70." What was the difference between these two men?
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Why did one grow into a happy adult who improved the lives of other people, while the other destroyed himself?
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In the end, it turns out that happiness depends less on our situation than we think.
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There are some things that we should choose over others.
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For example, we should prefer to make more money than to get sick.
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But we should be careful not to believe that a change in our situation will have a big effect on our level of happiness.
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In fact, putting too much hope in such a change will probably lead to disappointment and unhappiness.
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There is one area of life that does affect our happiness: love and relationships.
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People are not meant to be alone.
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People are designed to be with other people.
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It is the same for all of us - no matter what age, sex, or country of origin.
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Even people who enjoy time alone need to spend some time with other people.
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This is not a new idea.
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The Bible claims that God designed people to live together.
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If we were created to live with other people, then it makes sense that our happiness comes from other people.
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It also makes sense that cars, money, or being famous do not make us happy.
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So, if you want to live a happy life, make sure you put your time and energy into the people you care about.
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Who are the people you most care about?
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How much time do you spend with them?
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What choices can you make to improve your relationships with other people?
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You can also leave your comments on our website.
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Or you can email us at [email protected].
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You can also find us on Facebook - just search for spotlightradio.
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The writer of this program and the producer were part of the Spotlight team.
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The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom.
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All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight.
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You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet at www.radioenglish.net.
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This program is called ‘What Makes Us Happy?’ You can also get our programs delivered directly to your Android or Apple device through our free official Spotlight English app.
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We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program.
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Goodbye.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「What Makes Us Happy?」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：happiness, Spotlight, adult, study, program。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が79文、単語が945語あります。 音声の長さは14:22です。 話す速さはゆっくりで、1分あたり約66語です。一つ一つの音をまねる余裕があります。 単語の91%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれるため、語彙は分かりやすいです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語10語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| unhappiness 名詞 | 不幸 | |
| tense 名詞 | /tɛns/ | 時制 |
| organize 動詞 | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | 組織する |
| adapt 動詞 | /əˈdæpt/ | 適応する |
| disappointment 名詞 | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ | 失望 |
| examine 動詞 | /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ | 調べる |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 依存する |
| wealthy 形容詞 | /ˈwɛl.θi/ | 裕福な, 豊かな |
| lonely 形容詞 | /ˈloʊnli/ | 寂しい |
| goodbye | /ɡʊdˈbaɪ/ | さようなら, さよなら |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| grow up 動詞 | 成長する, 大人に成る |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- If you could wish for one thing, what would it be?
- Is there one thing that would make you happy?
- Who are the people you most care about?
- How much time do you spend with them?
- What choices can you make to improve your relationships with other people?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | was called · were examined · was collected |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | people who seem · People who were · those who reported |
| 「should」による助言 should + 動詞 — したほうがよいことを伝える | should choose · should prefer · should be |
| 最上級 the -est / the most … — グループの中で一番 | the most costly · the best · the most happiness |
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。unhappiness, tense, organizeなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。