쉐도잉 연습: The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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The beginning of everything, the Big Bang.

The idea that the universe was suddenly born and is not infinite.

Up to the middle of the 20th century, most scientists thought of the universe as infinite and ageless.

Until Einstein's theory of relativity gave us a better understanding of gravity

and Edwin Hubble discovered that galaxies are moving apart from one another in a way that fits previous predictions.

In 1964, by accident, cosmic background radiation was discovered, a relic of the early universe,

which together with other observational evidence made the Big Bang the accepted theory in science.

Since then, improved technology like the Hubble telescope has given us a pretty good picture of the Big Bang

and the structure of the cosmos.

Recent observations even seem to suggest that

The expansion of the universe is accelerating.

But how did this

Big Bang work?

How can something come from nothing?

Let's explore what we know.

We can ignore the beginning part for now.

First of all, the Big Bang was not an explosion.

It was all space, stretching everywhere, all at once.

The universe started very, very, very small and quickly expanded to the size of a football.

The universe didn't expand into anything, space was just expanding into itself.

The universe cannot expand into anything because the universe has no borders, there is by definition no outside the universe.

The universe is all there is.

In this hot, dense environment, energy manifested itself in particles that existed only for the tiniest glimpses of time.

From gluons, pairs of quarks were created, which destroyed one another, perhaps after giving off more gluons.

These found other short -lived quarks to interact with, forming new quark pairs and gluons again.

Matter and energy were not just theoretically equivalent, it was so hot, they were practically the same stuff.

Somewhere around this time, matter won over antimatter.

Today, we're left with almost all matter and nearly no antimatter at all.

Somehow, 1 billion and 1 matter particles were formed for every 1 billion particles of antimatter.

Instead of one massive ultimate force in the universe, there were now several refined versions of it acting under different rules.

By now, the universe has stretched to a billion kilometers in diameter, which leads to a decrease in temperature.

The cycle of quarks being born and converted back to energy suddenly stops.

From now on we work with what we have.

Quarks begin forming new particles, hadrons, like protons and neutrons.

There are many many combinations of quarks that can form all sorts of hadrons

but only very few are reasonably stable for any length of time.

Please take a moment to appreciate that by now only one second has passed since the beginning of everything.

The universe

which has grown to 100 billion kilometers is now cold enough

to allow most of the neutrons to decay into protons

and form the first atom hydrogen imagine the universe at this

point as an extremely hot soup 10 billion degrees celsius filled with countless particles

and energy over the next few minutes things cooled

and settled down very fast atoms formed out of hadrons and electrons making for a stable and electrically neutral environment.

Some call this period the Dark Age because there were no stars

and the hydrogen gas didn't allow visible light to move around.

But what's the meaning of visible light anyway when there's nothing alive yet that could have eyes?

When the hydrogen gas clumped together after millions of years and gravity put it under great pressure, stars and galaxies began to form.

Their radiation dissolved the stable hydrogen gas into a plasma that still permeates the universe today and allows visible light to pass.

Finally, there was light.

Okay, but what about the part we didn't talk about?

What happened right at the beginning?

This part can be defined as the Big Bang.

We don't know at all what happened here.

At this point, our tools break down.

Natural laws stop making sense.

Time itself becomes wibbly -wobbly.

To understand what happened here, we need a theory that unifies Einstein's relativity and quantum mechanics, something countless scientists are working on right now.

But this leaves us with lots of unanswered questions.

Were there universes before our own?

Is this the first and only universe?

What started the Big Bang?

Or did it just occur naturally based on laws we don't understand yet?

We don't know, and maybe we never will.

But what we do know is that the universe as we know it started here and gave birth to particles,

galaxies, stars, the Earth and you.

Since we ourselves are made of dead stars, we are not separate from the universe.

We are part of it.

You could even say that we are the universe's way of experiencing itself.

So let's keep on experiencing it until there are no more questions to ask.

Thank you.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: universe, Bang, quark, particles, billion. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 58개와 단어 827개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 5:54입니다. 화자는 분당 약 140단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 82%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
particle 명사	/ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/	입자, 립자
expand 동사	/ɪkˈspænd/	펴다, 피다
hydrogen 명사	/ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/	수소
stable 명사	/ˈsteɪ.bəl/	마구간, 축사
visible 형용사	/ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/	보이는
galaxy 명사	/ˈɡæl.ək.si/	은하, 은하계
discover 동사	/dɪˈskʌvə/	발견하다
stretch 동사	/stɹɛt͡ʃ/	당기다, 늘이다
radiation 명사	/ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/	방사, 폭사
scientist 명사	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	과학자
infinite 형용사	/ˈɪnfɪnɪt/	무한
atom 명사	/ˈætəm/	원자, 아톰
ignore 동사	/ɪɡˈnɔː/	무시하다
occur 동사	/əˈkɜː/	일어나다, 발생하다
explore 동사	/ɪkˈsploɹ/	탐험하다

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:

Let’s explore what we know.
We don’t know at all what happened here.
Were there universes before our own?
We don’t know, and maybe we never will.

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	was discovered · were created · were formed
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	has given · has stretched · has passed

주의할 발음

화자는 didn't, don't, we're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 7번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“sh”와 “zh” 소리: radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: infinite /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/, define /dɪˈfaɪn/, leaf /lif/, manifest /ˈmæn.ɪ.fɛst/, refine /ɹɪˈfaɪn/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, convert /kənˈvɝt/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, plasma /ˈplæzmə/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, particle, expand, hydrogen 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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