Shadowing Practice: The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang - Learn English Speaking with Video
Elige un modo de práctica
Cada modo abre una sala de práctica a pantalla completa.
71 oraciones
Si las oraciones son demasiado cortas o largas, haz clic en Editar para ajustarlas.
1
The beginning of everything, the Big Bang.
2
The idea that the universe was suddenly born and is not infinite.
3
Up to the middle of the 20th century, most scientists thought of the universe as infinite and ageless.
4
Until Einstein's theory of relativity gave us a better understanding of gravity
5
and Edwin Hubble discovered that galaxies are moving apart from one another in a way that fits previous predictions.
6
In 1964, by accident, cosmic background radiation was discovered, a relic of the early universe,
7
which together with other observational evidence made the Big Bang the accepted theory in science.
8
Since then, improved technology like the Hubble telescope has given us a pretty good picture of the Big Bang
9
and the structure of the cosmos.
10
Recent observations even seem to suggest that
11
The expansion of the universe is accelerating.
12
But how did this
13
Big Bang work?
14
How can something come from nothing?
15
Let's explore what we know.
16
We can ignore the beginning part for now.
17
First of all, the Big Bang was not an explosion.
18
It was all space, stretching everywhere, all at once.
19
The universe started very, very, very small and quickly expanded to the size of a football.
20
The universe didn't expand into anything, space was just expanding into itself.
21
The universe cannot expand into anything because the universe has no borders, there is by definition no outside the universe.
22
The universe is all there is.
23
In this hot, dense environment, energy manifested itself in particles that existed only for the tiniest glimpses of time.
24
From gluons, pairs of quarks were created, which destroyed one another, perhaps after giving off more gluons.
25
These found other short -lived quarks to interact with, forming new quark pairs and gluons again.
26
Matter and energy were not just theoretically equivalent, it was so hot, they were practically the same stuff.
27
Somewhere around this time, matter won over antimatter.
28
Today, we're left with almost all matter and nearly no antimatter at all.
29
Somehow, 1 billion and 1 matter particles were formed for every 1 billion particles of antimatter.
30
Instead of one massive ultimate force in the universe, there were now several refined versions of it acting under different rules.
31
By now, the universe has stretched to a billion kilometers in diameter, which leads to a decrease in temperature.
32
The cycle of quarks being born and converted back to energy suddenly stops.
33
From now on we work with what we have.
34
Quarks begin forming new particles, hadrons, like protons and neutrons.
35
There are many many combinations of quarks that can form all sorts of hadrons
36
but only very few are reasonably stable for any length of time.
37
Please take a moment to appreciate that by now only one second has passed since the beginning of everything.
38
The universe
39
which has grown to 100 billion kilometers is now cold enough
40
to allow most of the neutrons to decay into protons
41
and form the first atom hydrogen imagine the universe at this
42
point as an extremely hot soup 10 billion degrees celsius filled with countless particles
43
and energy over the next few minutes things cooled
44
and settled down very fast atoms formed out of hadrons and electrons making for a stable and electrically neutral environment.
45
Some call this period the Dark Age because there were no stars
46
and the hydrogen gas didn't allow visible light to move around.
47
But what's the meaning of visible light anyway when there's nothing alive yet that could have eyes?
48
When the hydrogen gas clumped together after millions of years and gravity put it under great pressure, stars and galaxies began to form.
49
Their radiation dissolved the stable hydrogen gas into a plasma that still permeates the universe today and allows visible light to pass.
50
Finally, there was light.
51
Okay, but what about the part we didn't talk about?
52
What happened right at the beginning?
53
This part can be defined as the Big Bang.
54
We don't know at all what happened here.
55
At this point, our tools break down.
56
Natural laws stop making sense.
57
Time itself becomes wibbly -wobbly.
58
To understand what happened here, we need a theory that unifies Einstein's relativity and quantum mechanics, something countless scientists are working on right now.
59
But this leaves us with lots of unanswered questions.
60
Were there universes before our own?
61
Is this the first and only universe?
62
What started the Big Bang?
63
Or did it just occur naturally based on laws we don't understand yet?
64
We don't know, and maybe we never will.
65
But what we do know is that the universe as we know it started here and gave birth to particles,
66
galaxies, stars, the Earth and you.
67
Since we ourselves are made of dead stars, we are not separate from the universe.
68
We are part of it.
69
You could even say that we are the universe's way of experiencing itself.
70
So let's keep on experiencing it until there are no more questions to ask.
71
Thank you.
Descargar app
Todo lo que necesitas para hablar con fluidez
Pronunciación con IAEvalúa cada oración
Práctica de IPADomina cada sonido
VocabularioConstruye tu banco de palabras
Juego de vocabularioAprende mientras juegas
Mismo canal
C117
Queen Ant Clones Another Species
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
How Caffeine Works
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
B232
Your Skeleton Is Electric
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1118
Could Humans Evolve Flight?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C111
You Will Only Like Half of This Video
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C112
Would You Upload Your Mind?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Your Brain on Magic Mushrooms
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C136
Why Ebola Keeps Coming Back
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
Let’s Steal a New Moon
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What Happens AFTER Nuclear War?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Awesome! 3/3
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C118
What Falling in Love Does to You
University StudentsWorking Adults
B26
YOU Own the Moon. And Mars. And Venus.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What Is Life? Is Death Real?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1149
How Antidepressants Work
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B238
Your Brain Peaked at Birth
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C173
We Won’t Explore the Galaxy...
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B26
Dozens of Nukes Are Missing. Why? HOW?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B25
How ADHD Medication Works
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1153
Something Travels Faster than Light
University StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Recomendar Video
C11
508 oraciones
Einstein and the Theory of Relativity | HD |
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
402 oraciones
Before We Became the Last Humans:The Lost Species That Once Shared Our World|Prehistoric Documentary
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
14 oraciones
Whatever thought creates is reality | Krishnamurti
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
298 oraciones
GENERAL CHEMISTRY explained in 19 Minutes
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C114
68 oraciones
Optimistic Nihilism
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
47 oraciones
We Found Galaxies Too Old for the Universe
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
149 oraciones
The Bloody Origins of the Number Zero
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
119 oraciones
Mathematics and Physics | Lesson 2 | Understanding the Connection
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
623 oraciones
How evolution works, in 54 minutes | Sean B. Carroll: Full Interview
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
159 oraciones
Intro to History of Science: Crash Course History of Science #1
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
C13
234 oraciones
The Philosophy of Rick Sanchez
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
684 oraciones
The Most Likely Place to Find Aliens
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang”. Las palabras que más se repiten: universe, Bang, quark, particles, billion. Este vídeo tiene 58 frases y 827 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 5:54. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 140 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. El 82 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| particle sustantivo | /ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/ | partícula |
| expand verbo | /ɪkˈspænd/ | ampliar |
| hydrogen sustantivo | /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ | hidrógeno |
| stable sustantivo | /ˈsteɪ.bəl/ | establo, cuadra |
| visible adjetivo | /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/ | visible |
| galaxy sustantivo | /ˈɡæl.ək.si/ | galaxia |
| discover verbo | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | descubrir |
| stretch verbo | /stɹɛt͡ʃ/ | estirar |
| radiation sustantivo | /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/ | radiación |
| gravity sustantivo | /ˈɡɹævɪti/ | gravedad |
| scientist sustantivo | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | científico, científica |
| infinite adjetivo | /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/ | infinito |
| countless adjetivo | /ˈkaʊntləs/ | incontable, innumerable |
| atom sustantivo | /ˈætəm/ | átomo |
| ignore verbo | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | ignorar, desoír |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| break down verbo | descomponerse, averiarse | |
| give off verbo | /ɡɪv ɒf/ | emitir, desprender |
| move around verbo | movilizarse | |
| settle down verbo | calmarse |
Frases que vale la pena repetir
Frases cortas y completas del vídeo que puedes reutilizar en la conversación diaria:
- Let’s explore what we know.
- We don’t know at all what happened here.
- Were there universes before our own?
- We don’t know, and maybe we never will.
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | was discovered · were created · were formed |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | has given · has stretched · has passed |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 7 contracciones y formas reducidas, como didn't, don't, we're. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: radiation /ˌɹeɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: stable /ˈsteɪ.bəl/, stretch /stɹɛt͡ʃ/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, convert /kənˈvɝt/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, plasma /ˈplæzmə/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como particle, expand, hydrogen.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.