Shadowing Practice: Candy Corn In Space - Learn English Speaking with Video
Les maken...
1
When astronauts go up in space, they're allowed to bring some special items.
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Some astronauts fly M&Ms, some people fly beef jerky.
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Don Pettit, this guy, chose candy corn.
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He's a NASA astronaut who spent nearly half a year floating around the International Space Station.
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And while he was up in space...
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I elected to spend my off-duty time doing science of my own design.
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this zero gravity candy corn demonstration.
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It's a macroscopic analogy to how a surfactant molecule works.
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And a surfactant molecule just means...
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Soap.
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So in this demo, a candy corn is equivalent to a soap molecule.
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And this water blob represents grease or oil.
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And basically the demo shows how soap cleans grease.
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Soap molecules have a water loving end...
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So they call that hydrophilic...
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And a water water-hating end.
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Hydrophobic.
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And that's important.
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Say you have a blob of oil and you throw it in a washing machine, the hydrophobic part of the molecule sticks into the grease and the oil,
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and the hydrophilic part pokes up into the water.
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In candy corn, the hydrophobic, hydrophilic sides are reversed.
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This part is water-loving, and Pettit coated this side with oil to make it water-hating.
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But the principle is the same.
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The molecules or the candy corn arrange themselves around the glob based on attraction or repulsion to water.
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Of course, that's how your clothes get clean.
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You cover them with these hydrophilic, hydrophobic molecules called soap.
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And once the soap molecules fully cover the grease blob, it becomes water-soluble.
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It's called the critical micelle concentration.
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Or in candy corn.
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The critical candy corn concentration.
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Once it hits this concentration.
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All the dirt and the oil and the grease floats off of your fabric, and it mixes with the water, and then you pour the water off, and you're left with clean clothes.
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Now in candy corn, there's a bonus science lesson.
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After you reach the critical candy corn concentration, And a most amazing thing happens.
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The blob goes from smushy to rigid.
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You can think of it like...
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Of putting the keystone in a Roman arch, where now all of a sudden gravity locks all the stones together, and you have this rigid arch that you could drive traffic across.
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But we're in space, so it's not gravity at work.
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It's surface tension holding the ball together.
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This was one of many experiments Pettit did in space, but it's the only one that used candy corn.
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I used our whole crew's supply of candy corn for this one demonstration, which I profusely apologized to the rest of the crew because they didn't get to eat any.
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For Science Friday, I'm Flora Lichtman.
43
you
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze video bevat 43 zinnen en 455 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 2:43. De spreker praat in een natuurlijk tempo van ongeveer 168 woorden per minuut, dicht bij een alledaags gesprek. Slechts 69% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is pittig.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
15 minder gangbare woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
- candy /ˈkæn.di/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — snoepje. Crystallized sugar formed by boiling down sugar syrup.
- corn /ˈkɔːn/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — koren. Any cereal plant (or its grain) that is the main crop or staple of a country or region.
- molecule /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — molecuul. The smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by…
- soap /soʊp/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — zeep. A metallic salt derived from a fatty acid, commonly used in cleaning products.
- grease /ɡɹis/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — vet, smeer. Animal fat in a melted or soft state.
- concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — concentratie. The act, process or ability of concentrating; the process of becoming concentrated, or the state of being concentrated.
- astronaut /ˈæstɹəˌnɔt/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — ruimtevaarder, astronaut. A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.
- demo /ˈdɛm.oʊ/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — demo, demonstratie. A demonstration or visual explanation.
- demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — demonstratie, betoog. The act of demonstrating; showing or explaining something.
- cloth /klɒθ/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — doek, kleed. A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use. Sometimes…
- arch /ɑɹt͡ʃ/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — boog. An inverted U shape.
- float /fləʊt/ (werkwoord) — drijven. To be supported by a fluid of greater density (than the object).
- rigid /ˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪd/ (bijvoeglijk naamwoord) — stijf, stroef. Stiff, rather than flexible.
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — les. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
- wash /wɑʃ/ (werkwoord) — wassen, spoelen. To clean with water.
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 5 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals didn't, I'm, they're. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/, wash /wɑʃ/, tension /ˈtɛnʃən/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, apologize /əˈpɑləˌd͡ʒaɪz/, analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als candy, corn, molecule.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.